package org.jbox2d.particle; import java.lang.reflect.Array; import java.util.Arrays; import org.jbox2d.callbacks.ParticleDestructionListener; import org.jbox2d.callbacks.ParticleQueryCallback; import org.jbox2d.callbacks.ParticleRaycastCallback; import org.jbox2d.callbacks.QueryCallback; import org.jbox2d.collision.AABB; import org.jbox2d.collision.RayCastInput; import org.jbox2d.collision.RayCastOutput; import org.jbox2d.collision.shapes.Shape; import org.jbox2d.common.BufferUtils; import org.jbox2d.common.MathUtils; import org.jbox2d.common.Rot; import org.jbox2d.common.Settings; import org.jbox2d.common.Transform; import org.jbox2d.common.Vec2; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.Body; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.Fixture; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.TimeStep; import org.jbox2d.dynamics.World; import org.jbox2d.particle.VoronoiDiagram.VoronoiDiagramCallback; import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.reflect.ArrayReflection; import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.reflect.ClassReflection; public class ParticleSystem { /** All particle types that require creating pairs */ private static final int k_pairFlags = ParticleType.b2_springParticle; /** All particle types that require creating triads */ private static final int k_triadFlags = ParticleType.b2_elasticParticle; /** All particle types that require computing depth */ private static final int k_noPressureFlags = ParticleType.b2_powderParticle; static final int xTruncBits = 12; static final int yTruncBits = 12; static final int tagBits = 8 * 4 - 1 /* sizeof(int) */; static final long yOffset = 1 << (yTruncBits - 1); static final int yShift = tagBits - yTruncBits; static final int xShift = tagBits - yTruncBits - xTruncBits; static final long xScale = 1 << xShift; static final long xOffset = xScale * (1 << (xTruncBits - 1)); static final int xMask = (1 << xTruncBits) - 1; static final int yMask = (1 << yTruncBits) - 1; static long computeTag(float x, float y) { return (((long) (y + yOffset)) << yShift) + (((long) (xScale * x)) + xOffset); } static long computeRelativeTag(long tag, int x, int y) { return tag + (y << yShift) + (x << xShift); } static int limitCapacity(int capacity, int maxCount) { return maxCount != 0 && capacity > maxCount ? maxCount : capacity; } int m_timestamp; int m_allParticleFlags; int m_allGroupFlags; float m_density; float m_inverseDensity; float m_gravityScale; float m_particleDiameter; float m_inverseDiameter; float m_squaredDiameter; int m_count; int m_internalAllocatedCapacity; int m_maxCount; ParticleBufferInt m_flagsBuffer; ParticleBuffer<Vec2> m_positionBuffer; ParticleBuffer<Vec2> m_velocityBuffer; float[] m_accumulationBuffer; // temporary values Vec2[] m_accumulation2Buffer; // temporary vector values float[] m_depthBuffer; // distance from the surface public ParticleBuffer<ParticleColor> m_colorBuffer; ParticleGroup[] m_groupBuffer; ParticleBuffer<Object> m_userDataBuffer; int m_proxyCount; int m_proxyCapacity; Proxy[] m_proxyBuffer; public int m_contactCount; int m_contactCapacity; public ParticleContact[] m_contactBuffer; public int m_bodyContactCount; int m_bodyContactCapacity; public ParticleBodyContact[] m_bodyContactBuffer; int m_pairCount; int m_pairCapacity; Pair[] m_pairBuffer; int m_triadCount; int m_triadCapacity; Triad[] m_triadBuffer; int m_groupCount; ParticleGroup m_groupList; float m_pressureStrength; float m_dampingStrength; float m_elasticStrength; float m_springStrength; float m_viscousStrength; float m_surfaceTensionStrengthA; float m_surfaceTensionStrengthB; float m_powderStrength; float m_ejectionStrength; float m_colorMixingStrength; World m_world; public ParticleSystem(World world) { m_world = world; m_timestamp = 0; m_allParticleFlags = 0; m_allGroupFlags = 0; m_density = 1; m_inverseDensity = 1; m_gravityScale = 1; m_particleDiameter = 1; m_inverseDiameter = 1; m_squaredDiameter = 1; m_count = 0; m_internalAllocatedCapacity = 0; m_maxCount = 0; m_proxyCount = 0; m_proxyCapacity = 0; m_contactCount = 0; m_contactCapacity = 0; m_bodyContactCount = 0; m_bodyContactCapacity = 0; m_pairCount = 0; m_pairCapacity = 0; m_triadCount = 0; m_triadCapacity = 0; m_groupCount = 0; m_pressureStrength = 0.05f; m_dampingStrength = 1.0f; m_elasticStrength = 0.25f; m_springStrength = 0.25f; m_viscousStrength = 0.25f; m_surfaceTensionStrengthA = 0.1f; m_surfaceTensionStrengthB = 0.2f; m_powderStrength = 0.5f; m_ejectionStrength = 0.5f; m_colorMixingStrength = 0.5f; m_flagsBuffer = new ParticleBufferInt(); m_positionBuffer = new ParticleBuffer<Vec2>(Vec2.class); m_velocityBuffer = new ParticleBuffer<Vec2>(Vec2.class); m_colorBuffer = new ParticleBuffer<ParticleColor>(ParticleColor.class); m_userDataBuffer = new ParticleBuffer<Object>(Object.class); } // public void assertNotSamePosition() { // for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { // Vec2 vi = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; // for (int j = i + 1; j < m_count; j++) { // Vec2 vj = m_positionBuffer.data[j]; // assert(vi.x != vj.x || vi.y != vj.y); // } // } // } public int createParticle(ParticleDef def) { if (m_count >= m_internalAllocatedCapacity) { int capacity = m_count != 0 ? 2 * m_count : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_maxCount); capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_flagsBuffer.userSuppliedCapacity); capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_positionBuffer.userSuppliedCapacity); capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_velocityBuffer.userSuppliedCapacity); capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_colorBuffer.userSuppliedCapacity); capacity = limitCapacity(capacity, m_userDataBuffer.userSuppliedCapacity); if (m_internalAllocatedCapacity < capacity) { m_flagsBuffer.data = reallocateBuffer(m_flagsBuffer, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, false); m_positionBuffer.data = reallocateBuffer(m_positionBuffer, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, false); m_velocityBuffer.data = reallocateBuffer(m_velocityBuffer, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, false); m_accumulationBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(m_accumulationBuffer, 0, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, false); m_accumulation2Buffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Vec2.class, m_accumulation2Buffer, 0, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, true); m_depthBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(m_depthBuffer, 0, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, true); m_colorBuffer.data = reallocateBuffer(m_colorBuffer, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, true); m_groupBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(ParticleGroup.class, m_groupBuffer, 0, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, false); m_userDataBuffer.data = reallocateBuffer(m_userDataBuffer, m_internalAllocatedCapacity, capacity, true); m_internalAllocatedCapacity = capacity; } } if (m_count >= m_internalAllocatedCapacity) { return Settings.invalidParticleIndex; } int index = m_count++; m_flagsBuffer.data[index] = def.flags; m_positionBuffer.data[index].set(def.position); // assertNotSamePosition(); m_velocityBuffer.data[index].set(def.velocity); m_groupBuffer[index] = null; if (m_depthBuffer != null) { m_depthBuffer[index] = 0; } if (m_colorBuffer.data != null || def.color != null) { m_colorBuffer.data = requestParticleBuffer(m_colorBuffer.dataClass, m_colorBuffer.data); m_colorBuffer.data[index].set(def.color); } if (m_userDataBuffer.data != null || def.userData != null) { m_userDataBuffer.data = requestParticleBuffer(m_userDataBuffer.dataClass, m_userDataBuffer.data); m_userDataBuffer.data[index] = def.userData; } if (m_proxyCount >= m_proxyCapacity) { int oldCapacity = m_proxyCapacity; int newCapacity = m_proxyCount != 0 ? 2 * m_proxyCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; m_proxyBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Proxy.class, m_proxyBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); m_proxyCapacity = newCapacity; } m_proxyBuffer[m_proxyCount++].index = index; return index; } public void destroyParticle(int index, boolean callDestructionListener) { int flags = ParticleType.b2_zombieParticle; if (callDestructionListener) { flags |= ParticleType.b2_destructionListener; } m_flagsBuffer.data[index] |= flags; } private final AABB temp = new AABB(); private final DestroyParticlesInShapeCallback dpcallback = new DestroyParticlesInShapeCallback(); public int destroyParticlesInShape(Shape shape, Transform xf, boolean callDestructionListener) { dpcallback.init(this, shape, xf, callDestructionListener); shape.computeAABB(temp, xf, 0); m_world.queryAABB(dpcallback, temp); return dpcallback.destroyed; } public void destroyParticlesInGroup(ParticleGroup group, boolean callDestructionListener) { for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { destroyParticle(i, callDestructionListener); } } private final AABB temp2 = new AABB(); private final Vec2 tempVec = new Vec2(); private final Transform tempTransform = new Transform(); private final Transform tempTransform2 = new Transform(); private CreateParticleGroupCallback createParticleGroupCallback = new CreateParticleGroupCallback(); private final ParticleDef tempParticleDef = new ParticleDef(); public ParticleGroup createParticleGroup(ParticleGroupDef groupDef) { float stride = getParticleStride(); final Transform identity = tempTransform; identity.setIdentity(); Transform transform = tempTransform2; transform.setIdentity(); int firstIndex = m_count; if (groupDef.shape != null) { final ParticleDef particleDef = tempParticleDef; particleDef.flags = groupDef.flags; particleDef.color = groupDef.color; particleDef.userData = groupDef.userData; Shape shape = groupDef.shape; transform.set(groupDef.position, groupDef.angle); AABB aabb = temp; int childCount = shape.getChildCount(); for (int childIndex = 0; childIndex < childCount; childIndex++) { if (childIndex == 0) { shape.computeAABB(aabb, identity, childIndex); } else { AABB childAABB = temp2; shape.computeAABB(childAABB, identity, childIndex); aabb.combine(childAABB); } } final float upperBoundY = aabb.upperBound.y; final float upperBoundX = aabb.upperBound.x; for (float y = MathUtils.floor(aabb.lowerBound.y / stride) * stride; y < upperBoundY; y += stride) { for (float x = MathUtils.floor(aabb.lowerBound.x / stride) * stride; x < upperBoundX; x += stride) { Vec2 p = tempVec; p.x = x; p.y = y; if (shape.testPoint(identity, p)) { Transform.mulToOut(transform, p, p); particleDef.position.x = p.x; particleDef.position.y = p.y; p.subLocal(groupDef.position); Vec2.crossToOutUnsafe(groupDef.angularVelocity, p, particleDef.velocity); particleDef.velocity.addLocal(groupDef.linearVelocity); createParticle(particleDef); } } } } int lastIndex = m_count; ParticleGroup group = new ParticleGroup(); group.m_system = this; group.m_firstIndex = firstIndex; group.m_lastIndex = lastIndex; group.m_groupFlags = groupDef.groupFlags; group.m_strength = groupDef.strength; group.m_userData = groupDef.userData; group.m_transform.set(transform); group.m_destroyAutomatically = groupDef.destroyAutomatically; group.m_prev = null; group.m_next = m_groupList; if (m_groupList != null) { m_groupList.m_prev = group; } m_groupList = group; ++m_groupCount; for (int i = firstIndex; i < lastIndex; i++) { m_groupBuffer[i] = group; } updateContacts(true); if ((groupDef.flags & k_pairFlags) != 0) { for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if (a > b) { int temp = a; a = b; b = temp; } if (firstIndex <= a && b < lastIndex) { if (m_pairCount >= m_pairCapacity) { int oldCapacity = m_pairCapacity; int newCapacity = m_pairCount != 0 ? 2 * m_pairCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; m_pairBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Pair.class, m_pairBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); m_pairCapacity = newCapacity; } Pair pair = m_pairBuffer[m_pairCount]; pair.indexA = a; pair.indexB = b; pair.flags = contact.flags; pair.strength = groupDef.strength; pair.distance = MathUtils.distance(m_positionBuffer.data[a], m_positionBuffer.data[b]); m_pairCount++; } } } if ((groupDef.flags & k_triadFlags) != 0) { VoronoiDiagram diagram = new VoronoiDiagram(lastIndex - firstIndex); for (int i = firstIndex; i < lastIndex; i++) { diagram.addGenerator(m_positionBuffer.data[i], i); } diagram.generate(stride / 2); createParticleGroupCallback.system = this; createParticleGroupCallback.def = groupDef; createParticleGroupCallback.firstIndex = firstIndex; diagram.getNodes(createParticleGroupCallback); } if ((groupDef.groupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_solidParticleGroup) != 0) { computeDepthForGroup(group); } return group; } public void joinParticleGroups(ParticleGroup groupA, ParticleGroup groupB) { assert (groupA != groupB); RotateBuffer(groupB.m_firstIndex, groupB.m_lastIndex, m_count); assert (groupB.m_lastIndex == m_count); RotateBuffer(groupA.m_firstIndex, groupA.m_lastIndex, groupB.m_firstIndex); assert (groupA.m_lastIndex == groupB.m_firstIndex); int particleFlags = 0; for (int i = groupA.m_firstIndex; i < groupB.m_lastIndex; i++) { particleFlags |= m_flagsBuffer.data[i]; } updateContacts(true); if ((particleFlags & k_pairFlags) != 0) { for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if (a > b) { int temp = a; a = b; b = temp; } if (groupA.m_firstIndex <= a && a < groupA.m_lastIndex && groupB.m_firstIndex <= b && b < groupB.m_lastIndex) { if (m_pairCount >= m_pairCapacity) { int oldCapacity = m_pairCapacity; int newCapacity = m_pairCount != 0 ? 2 * m_pairCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; m_pairBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Pair.class, m_pairBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); m_pairCapacity = newCapacity; } Pair pair = m_pairBuffer[m_pairCount]; pair.indexA = a; pair.indexB = b; pair.flags = contact.flags; pair.strength = MathUtils.min(groupA.m_strength, groupB.m_strength); pair.distance = MathUtils.distance(m_positionBuffer.data[a], m_positionBuffer.data[b]); m_pairCount++; } } } if ((particleFlags & k_triadFlags) != 0) { VoronoiDiagram diagram = new VoronoiDiagram(groupB.m_lastIndex - groupA.m_firstIndex); for (int i = groupA.m_firstIndex; i < groupB.m_lastIndex; i++) { if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[i] & ParticleType.b2_zombieParticle) == 0) { diagram.addGenerator(m_positionBuffer.data[i], i); } } diagram.generate(getParticleStride() / 2); JoinParticleGroupsCallback callback = new JoinParticleGroupsCallback(); callback.system = this; callback.groupA = groupA; callback.groupB = groupB; diagram.getNodes(callback); } for (int i = groupB.m_firstIndex; i < groupB.m_lastIndex; i++) { m_groupBuffer[i] = groupA; } int groupFlags = groupA.m_groupFlags | groupB.m_groupFlags; groupA.m_groupFlags = groupFlags; groupA.m_lastIndex = groupB.m_lastIndex; groupB.m_firstIndex = groupB.m_lastIndex; destroyParticleGroup(groupB); if ((groupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_solidParticleGroup) != 0) { computeDepthForGroup(groupA); } } // Only called from solveZombie() or joinParticleGroups(). void destroyParticleGroup(ParticleGroup group) { assert (m_groupCount > 0); assert (group != null); if (m_world.getParticleDestructionListener() != null) { m_world.getParticleDestructionListener().sayGoodbye(group); } for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { m_groupBuffer[i] = null; } if (group.m_prev != null) { group.m_prev.m_next = group.m_next; } if (group.m_next != null) { group.m_next.m_prev = group.m_prev; } if (group == m_groupList) { m_groupList = group.m_next; } --m_groupCount; } public void computeDepthForGroup(ParticleGroup group) { for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { m_accumulationBuffer[i] = 0; } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if (a >= group.m_firstIndex && a < group.m_lastIndex && b >= group.m_firstIndex && b < group.m_lastIndex) { float w = contact.weight; m_accumulationBuffer[a] += w; m_accumulationBuffer[b] += w; } } m_depthBuffer = requestParticleBuffer(m_depthBuffer); for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { float w = m_accumulationBuffer[i]; m_depthBuffer[i] = w < 0.8f ? 0 : Float.MAX_VALUE; } int interationCount = group.getParticleCount(); for (int t = 0; t < interationCount; t++) { boolean updated = false; for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if (a >= group.m_firstIndex && a < group.m_lastIndex && b >= group.m_firstIndex && b < group.m_lastIndex) { float r = 1 - contact.weight; float ap0 = m_depthBuffer[a]; float bp0 = m_depthBuffer[b]; float ap1 = bp0 + r; float bp1 = ap0 + r; if (ap0 > ap1) { m_depthBuffer[a] = ap1; updated = true; } if (bp0 > bp1) { m_depthBuffer[b] = bp1; updated = true; } } } if (!updated) { break; } } for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { float p = m_depthBuffer[i]; if (p < Float.MAX_VALUE) { m_depthBuffer[i] *= m_particleDiameter; } else { m_depthBuffer[i] = 0; } } } public void addContact(int a, int b) { assert(a != b); Vec2 pa = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; Vec2 pb = m_positionBuffer.data[b]; float dx = pb.x - pa.x; float dy = pb.y - pa.y; float d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy; // assert(d2 != 0); if (d2 < m_squaredDiameter) { if (m_contactCount >= m_contactCapacity) { int oldCapacity = m_contactCapacity; int newCapacity = m_contactCount != 0 ? 2 * m_contactCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; m_contactBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(ParticleContact.class, m_contactBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); m_contactCapacity = newCapacity; } float invD = d2 != 0 ? MathUtils.sqrt(1 / d2) : Float.MAX_VALUE; ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[m_contactCount]; contact.indexA = a; contact.indexB = b; contact.flags = m_flagsBuffer.data[a] | m_flagsBuffer.data[b]; contact.weight = 1 - d2 * invD * m_inverseDiameter; contact.normal.x = invD * dx; contact.normal.y = invD * dy; m_contactCount++; } } public void updateContacts(boolean exceptZombie) { for (int p = 0; p < m_proxyCount; p++) { Proxy proxy = m_proxyBuffer[p]; int i = proxy.index; Vec2 pos = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; proxy.tag = computeTag(m_inverseDiameter * pos.x, m_inverseDiameter * pos.y); } Arrays.sort(m_proxyBuffer, 0, m_proxyCount); m_contactCount = 0; int c_index = 0; for (int i = 0; i < m_proxyCount; i++) { Proxy a = m_proxyBuffer[i]; long rightTag = computeRelativeTag(a.tag, 1, 0); for (int j = i + 1; j < m_proxyCount; j++) { Proxy b = m_proxyBuffer[j]; if (rightTag < b.tag) { break; } addContact(a.index, b.index); } long bottomLeftTag = computeRelativeTag(a.tag, -1, 1); for (; c_index < m_proxyCount; c_index++) { Proxy c = m_proxyBuffer[c_index]; if (bottomLeftTag <= c.tag) { break; } } long bottomRightTag = computeRelativeTag(a.tag, 1, 1); for (int b_index = c_index; b_index < m_proxyCount; b_index++) { Proxy b = m_proxyBuffer[b_index]; if (bottomRightTag < b.tag) { break; } addContact(a.index, b.index); } } if (exceptZombie) { int j = m_contactCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if ((m_contactBuffer[i].flags & ParticleType.b2_zombieParticle) != 0) { --j; ParticleContact temp = m_contactBuffer[j]; m_contactBuffer[j] = m_contactBuffer[i]; m_contactBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_contactCount = j; } } private final UpdateBodyContactsCallback ubccallback = new UpdateBodyContactsCallback(); public void updateBodyContacts() { final AABB aabb = temp; aabb.lowerBound.x = Float.MAX_VALUE; aabb.lowerBound.y = Float.MAX_VALUE; aabb.upperBound.x = -Float.MAX_VALUE; aabb.upperBound.y = -Float.MAX_VALUE; for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; Vec2.minToOut(aabb.lowerBound, p, aabb.lowerBound); Vec2.maxToOut(aabb.upperBound, p, aabb.upperBound); } aabb.lowerBound.x -= m_particleDiameter; aabb.lowerBound.y -= m_particleDiameter; aabb.upperBound.x += m_particleDiameter; aabb.upperBound.y += m_particleDiameter; m_bodyContactCount = 0; ubccallback.system = this; m_world.queryAABB(ubccallback, aabb); } private SolveCollisionCallback sccallback = new SolveCollisionCallback(); public void solveCollision(TimeStep step) { final AABB aabb = temp; final Vec2 lowerBound = aabb.lowerBound; final Vec2 upperBound = aabb.upperBound; lowerBound.x = Float.MAX_VALUE; lowerBound.y = Float.MAX_VALUE; upperBound.x = -Float.MAX_VALUE; upperBound.y = -Float.MAX_VALUE; for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { final Vec2 v = m_velocityBuffer.data[i]; final Vec2 p1 = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; final float p1x = p1.x; final float p1y = p1.y; final float p2x = p1x + step.dt * v.x; final float p2y = p1y + step.dt * v.y; final float bx = p1x < p2x ? p1x : p2x; final float by = p1y < p2y ? p1y : p2y; lowerBound.x = lowerBound.x < bx ? lowerBound.x : bx; lowerBound.y = lowerBound.y < by ? lowerBound.y : by; final float b1x = p1x > p2x ? p1x : p2x; final float b1y = p1y > p2y ? p1y : p2y; upperBound.x = upperBound.x > b1x ? upperBound.x : b1x; upperBound.y = upperBound.y > b1y ? upperBound.y : b1y; } sccallback.step = step; sccallback.system = this; m_world.queryAABB(sccallback, aabb); } public void solve(TimeStep step) { ++m_timestamp; if (m_count == 0) { return; } m_allParticleFlags = 0; for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { m_allParticleFlags |= m_flagsBuffer.data[i]; } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_zombieParticle) != 0) { solveZombie(); } if (m_count == 0) { return; } m_allGroupFlags = 0; for (ParticleGroup group = m_groupList; group != null; group = group.getNext()) { m_allGroupFlags |= group.m_groupFlags; } final float gravityx = step.dt * m_gravityScale * m_world.getGravity().x; final float gravityy = step.dt * m_gravityScale * m_world.getGravity().y; float criticalVelocytySquared = getCriticalVelocitySquared(step); for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { Vec2 v = m_velocityBuffer.data[i]; v.x += gravityx; v.y += gravityy; float v2 = v.x * v.x + v.y * v.y; if (v2 > criticalVelocytySquared) { float a = v2 == 0 ? Float.MAX_VALUE : MathUtils.sqrt(criticalVelocytySquared / v2); v.x *= a; v.y *= a; } } solveCollision(step); if ((m_allGroupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_rigidParticleGroup) != 0) { solveRigid(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_wallParticle) != 0) { solveWall(step); } for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { Vec2 pos = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; Vec2 vel = m_velocityBuffer.data[i]; pos.x += step.dt * vel.x; pos.y += step.dt * vel.y; } updateBodyContacts(); updateContacts(false); if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_viscousParticle) != 0) { solveViscous(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_powderParticle) != 0) { solvePowder(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_tensileParticle) != 0) { solveTensile(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_elasticParticle) != 0) { solveElastic(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_springParticle) != 0) { solveSpring(step); } if ((m_allGroupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_solidParticleGroup) != 0) { solveSolid(step); } if ((m_allParticleFlags & ParticleType.b2_colorMixingParticle) != 0) { solveColorMixing(step); } solvePressure(step); solveDamping(step); } void solvePressure(TimeStep step) { // calculates the sum of contact-weights for each particle // that means dimensionless density for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { m_accumulationBuffer[i] = 0; } for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.index; float w = contact.weight; m_accumulationBuffer[a] += w; } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; m_accumulationBuffer[a] += w; m_accumulationBuffer[b] += w; } // ignores powder particles if ((m_allParticleFlags & k_noPressureFlags) != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[i] & k_noPressureFlags) != 0) { m_accumulationBuffer[i] = 0; } } } // calculates pressure as a linear function of density float pressurePerWeight = m_pressureStrength * getCriticalPressure(step); for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { float w = m_accumulationBuffer[i]; float h = pressurePerWeight * MathUtils.max(0.0f, MathUtils.min(w, Settings.maxParticleWeight) - Settings.minParticleWeight); m_accumulationBuffer[i] = h; } // applies pressure between each particles in contact float velocityPerPressure = step.dt / (m_density * m_particleDiameter); for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.index; Body b = contact.body; float w = contact.weight; float m = contact.mass; Vec2 n = contact.normal; Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; float h = m_accumulationBuffer[a] + pressurePerWeight * w; final Vec2 f = tempVec; final float coef = velocityPerPressure * w * m * h; f.x = coef * n.x; f.y = coef * n.y; final Vec2 velData = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final float particleInvMass = getParticleInvMass(); velData.x -= particleInvMass * f.x; velData.y -= particleInvMass * f.y; b.applyLinearImpulse(f, p, true); } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; Vec2 n = contact.normal; float h = m_accumulationBuffer[a] + m_accumulationBuffer[b]; final float fx = velocityPerPressure * w * h * n.x; final float fy = velocityPerPressure * w * h * n.y; final Vec2 velDataA = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 velDataB = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; velDataA.x -= fx; velDataA.y -= fy; velDataB.x += fx; velDataB.y += fy; } } void solveDamping(TimeStep step) { // reduces normal velocity of each contact float damping = m_dampingStrength; for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { final ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.index; Body b = contact.body; float w = contact.weight; float m = contact.mass; Vec2 n = contact.normal; Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final float tempX = p.x - b.m_sweep.c.x; final float tempY = p.y - b.m_sweep.c.y; final Vec2 velA = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; // getLinearVelocityFromWorldPointToOut, with -= velA float vx = -b.m_angularVelocity * tempY + b.m_linearVelocity.x - velA.x; float vy = b.m_angularVelocity * tempX + b.m_linearVelocity.y - velA.y; // done float vn = vx * n.x + vy * n.y; if (vn < 0) { final Vec2 f = tempVec; f.x = damping * w * m * vn * n.x; f.y = damping * w * m * vn * n.y; final float invMass = getParticleInvMass(); velA.x += invMass * f.x; velA.y += invMass * f.y; f.x = -f.x; f.y = -f.y; b.applyLinearImpulse(f, p, true); } } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; Vec2 n = contact.normal; final Vec2 velA = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 velB = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final float vx = velB.x - velA.x; final float vy = velB.y - velA.y; float vn = vx * n.x + vy * n.y; if (vn < 0) { float fx = damping * w * vn * n.x; float fy = damping * w * vn * n.y; velA.x += fx; velA.y += fy; velB.x -= fx; velB.y -= fy; } } } public void solveWall(TimeStep step) { for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[i] & ParticleType.b2_wallParticle) != 0) { final Vec2 r = m_velocityBuffer.data[i]; r.x = 0.0f; r.y = 0.0f; } } } private final Vec2 tempVec2 = new Vec2(); private final Rot tempRot = new Rot(); private final Transform tempXf = new Transform(); private final Transform tempXf2 = new Transform(); void solveRigid(final TimeStep step) { for (ParticleGroup group = m_groupList; group != null; group = group.getNext()) { if ((group.m_groupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_rigidParticleGroup) != 0) { group.updateStatistics(); Vec2 temp = tempVec; Vec2 cross = tempVec2; Rot rotation = tempRot; rotation.set(step.dt * group.m_angularVelocity); Rot.mulToOutUnsafe(rotation, group.m_center, cross); temp.set(group.m_linearVelocity).mulLocal(step.dt).addLocal(group.m_center).subLocal(cross); tempXf.p.set(temp); tempXf.q.set(rotation); Transform.mulToOut(tempXf, group.m_transform, group.m_transform); final Transform velocityTransform = tempXf2; velocityTransform.p.x = step.inv_dt * tempXf.p.x; velocityTransform.p.y = step.inv_dt * tempXf.p.y; velocityTransform.q.s = step.inv_dt * tempXf.q.s; velocityTransform.q.c = step.inv_dt * (tempXf.q.c - 1); for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { Transform.mulToOutUnsafe(velocityTransform, m_positionBuffer.data[i], m_velocityBuffer.data[i]); } } } } void solveElastic(final TimeStep step) { float elasticStrength = step.inv_dt * m_elasticStrength; for (int k = 0; k < m_triadCount; k++) { final Triad triad = m_triadBuffer[k]; if ((triad.flags & ParticleType.b2_elasticParticle) != 0) { int a = triad.indexA; int b = triad.indexB; int c = triad.indexC; final Vec2 oa = triad.pa; final Vec2 ob = triad.pb; final Vec2 oc = triad.pc; final Vec2 pa = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 pb = m_positionBuffer.data[b]; final Vec2 pc = m_positionBuffer.data[c]; final float px = 1f / 3 * (pa.x + pb.x + pc.x); final float py = 1f / 3 * (pa.y + pb.y + pc.y); float rs = Vec2.cross(oa, pa) + Vec2.cross(ob, pb) + Vec2.cross(oc, pc); float rc = Vec2.dot(oa, pa) + Vec2.dot(ob, pb) + Vec2.dot(oc, pc); float r2 = rs * rs + rc * rc; float invR = r2 == 0 ? Float.MAX_VALUE : MathUtils.sqrt(1f / r2); rs *= invR; rc *= invR; final float strength = elasticStrength * triad.strength; final float roax = rc * oa.x - rs * oa.y; final float roay = rs * oa.x + rc * oa.y; final float robx = rc * ob.x - rs * ob.y; final float roby = rs * ob.x + rc * ob.y; final float rocx = rc * oc.x - rs * oc.y; final float rocy = rs * oc.x + rc * oc.y; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final Vec2 vc = m_velocityBuffer.data[c]; va.x += strength * (roax - (pa.x - px)); va.y += strength * (roay - (pa.y - py)); vb.x += strength * (robx - (pb.x - px)); vb.y += strength * (roby - (pb.y - py)); vc.x += strength * (rocx - (pc.x - px)); vc.y += strength * (rocy - (pc.y - py)); } } } void solveSpring(final TimeStep step) { float springStrength = step.inv_dt * m_springStrength; for (int k = 0; k < m_pairCount; k++) { final Pair pair = m_pairBuffer[k]; if ((pair.flags & ParticleType.b2_springParticle) != 0) { int a = pair.indexA; int b = pair.indexB; final Vec2 pa = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 pb = m_positionBuffer.data[b]; final float dx = pb.x - pa.x; final float dy = pb.y - pa.y; float r0 = pair.distance; float r1 = MathUtils.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy); if (r1 == 0) r1 = Float.MAX_VALUE; float strength = springStrength * pair.strength; final float fx = strength * (r0 - r1) / r1 * dx; final float fy = strength * (r0 - r1) / r1 * dy; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; va.x -= fx; va.y -= fy; vb.x += fx; vb.y += fy; } } } void solveTensile(final TimeStep step) { m_accumulation2Buffer = requestParticleBuffer(Vec2.class, m_accumulation2Buffer); for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { m_accumulationBuffer[i] = 0; m_accumulation2Buffer[i].setZero(); } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; if ((contact.flags & ParticleType.b2_tensileParticle) != 0) { int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; Vec2 n = contact.normal; m_accumulationBuffer[a] += w; m_accumulationBuffer[b] += w; final Vec2 a2A = m_accumulation2Buffer[a]; final Vec2 a2B = m_accumulation2Buffer[b]; final float inter = (1 - w) * w; a2A.x -= inter * n.x; a2A.y -= inter * n.y; a2B.x += inter * n.x; a2B.y += inter * n.y; } } float strengthA = m_surfaceTensionStrengthA * getCriticalVelocity(step); float strengthB = m_surfaceTensionStrengthB * getCriticalVelocity(step); for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; if ((contact.flags & ParticleType.b2_tensileParticle) != 0) { int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; Vec2 n = contact.normal; final Vec2 a2A = m_accumulation2Buffer[a]; final Vec2 a2B = m_accumulation2Buffer[b]; float h = m_accumulationBuffer[a] + m_accumulationBuffer[b]; final float sx = a2B.x - a2A.x; final float sy = a2B.y - a2A.y; float fn = (strengthA * (h - 2) + strengthB * (sx * n.x + sy * n.y)) * w; final float fx = fn * n.x; final float fy = fn * n.y; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; va.x -= fx; va.y -= fy; vb.x += fx; vb.y += fy; } } } void solveViscous(final TimeStep step) { float viscousStrength = m_viscousStrength; for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { final ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.index; if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[a] & ParticleType.b2_viscousParticle) != 0) { Body b = contact.body; float w = contact.weight; float m = contact.mass; Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final float tempX = p.x - b.m_sweep.c.x; final float tempY = p.y - b.m_sweep.c.y; final float vx = -b.m_angularVelocity * tempY + b.m_linearVelocity.x - va.x; final float vy = b.m_angularVelocity * tempX + b.m_linearVelocity.y - va.y; final Vec2 f = tempVec; final float pInvMass = getParticleInvMass(); f.x = viscousStrength * m * w * vx; f.y = viscousStrength * m * w * vy; va.x += pInvMass * f.x; va.y += pInvMass * f.y; f.x = -f.x; f.y = -f.y; b.applyLinearImpulse(f, p, true); } } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; if ((contact.flags & ParticleType.b2_viscousParticle) != 0) { int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; float w = contact.weight; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final float vx = vb.x - va.x; final float vy = vb.y - va.y; final float fx = viscousStrength * w * vx; final float fy = viscousStrength * w * vy; va.x += fx; va.y += fy; vb.x -= fx; vb.y -= fy; } } } void solvePowder(final TimeStep step) { float powderStrength = m_powderStrength * getCriticalVelocity(step); float minWeight = 1.0f - Settings.particleStride; for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { final ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.index; if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[a] & ParticleType.b2_powderParticle) != 0) { float w = contact.weight; if (w > minWeight) { Body b = contact.body; float m = contact.mass; Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[a]; Vec2 n = contact.normal; final Vec2 f = tempVec; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final float inter = powderStrength * m * (w - minWeight); final float pInvMass = getParticleInvMass(); f.x = inter * n.x; f.y = inter * n.y; va.x -= pInvMass * f.x; va.y -= pInvMass * f.y; b.applyLinearImpulse(f, p, true); } } } for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; if ((contact.flags & ParticleType.b2_powderParticle) != 0) { float w = contact.weight; if (w > minWeight) { int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; Vec2 n = contact.normal; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final float inter = powderStrength * (w - minWeight); final float fx = inter * n.x; final float fy = inter * n.y; va.x -= fx; va.y -= fy; vb.x += fx; vb.y += fy; } } } } void solveSolid(final TimeStep step) { // applies extra repulsive force from solid particle groups m_depthBuffer = requestParticleBuffer(m_depthBuffer); float ejectionStrength = step.inv_dt * m_ejectionStrength; for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if (m_groupBuffer[a] != m_groupBuffer[b]) { float w = contact.weight; Vec2 n = contact.normal; float h = m_depthBuffer[a] + m_depthBuffer[b]; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final float inter = ejectionStrength * h * w; final float fx = inter * n.x; final float fy = inter * n.y; va.x -= fx; va.y -= fy; vb.x += fx; vb.y += fy; } } } void solveColorMixing(final TimeStep step) { // mixes color between contacting particles m_colorBuffer.data = requestParticleBuffer(ParticleColor.class, m_colorBuffer.data); int colorMixing256 = (int) (256 * m_colorMixingStrength); for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; if ((m_flagsBuffer.data[a] & m_flagsBuffer.data[b] & ParticleType.b2_colorMixingParticle) != 0) { ParticleColor colorA = m_colorBuffer.data[a]; ParticleColor colorB = m_colorBuffer.data[b]; int dr = (colorMixing256 * (colorB.r - colorA.r)) >> 8; int dg = (colorMixing256 * (colorB.g - colorA.g)) >> 8; int db = (colorMixing256 * (colorB.b - colorA.b)) >> 8; int da = (colorMixing256 * (colorB.a - colorA.a)) >> 8; colorA.r += dr; colorA.g += dg; colorA.b += db; colorA.a += da; colorB.r -= dr; colorB.g -= dg; colorB.b -= db; colorB.a -= da; } } } void solveZombie() { // removes particles with zombie flag int newCount = 0; int[] newIndices = new int[m_count]; for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++) { int flags = m_flagsBuffer.data[i]; if ((flags & ParticleType.b2_zombieParticle) != 0) { ParticleDestructionListener destructionListener = m_world.getParticleDestructionListener(); if ((flags & ParticleType.b2_destructionListener) != 0 && destructionListener != null) { destructionListener.sayGoodbye(i); } newIndices[i] = Settings.invalidParticleIndex; } else { newIndices[i] = newCount; if (i != newCount) { m_flagsBuffer.data[newCount] = m_flagsBuffer.data[i]; m_positionBuffer.data[newCount].set(m_positionBuffer.data[i]); m_velocityBuffer.data[newCount].set(m_velocityBuffer.data[i]); m_groupBuffer[newCount] = m_groupBuffer[i]; if (m_depthBuffer != null) { m_depthBuffer[newCount] = m_depthBuffer[i]; } if (m_colorBuffer.data != null) { m_colorBuffer.data[newCount].set(m_colorBuffer.data[i]); } if (m_userDataBuffer.data != null) { m_userDataBuffer.data[newCount] = m_userDataBuffer.data[i]; } } newCount++; } } // update proxies for (int k = 0; k < m_proxyCount; k++) { Proxy proxy = m_proxyBuffer[k]; proxy.index = newIndices[proxy.index]; } // Proxy lastProxy = std.remove_if( // m_proxyBuffer, m_proxyBuffer + m_proxyCount, // Test.IsProxyInvalid); // m_proxyCount = (int) (lastProxy - m_proxyBuffer); int j = m_proxyCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if (Test.IsProxyInvalid(m_proxyBuffer[i])) { --j; Proxy temp = m_proxyBuffer[j]; m_proxyBuffer[j] = m_proxyBuffer[i]; m_proxyBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_proxyCount = j; // update contacts for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; contact.indexA = newIndices[contact.indexA]; contact.indexB = newIndices[contact.indexB]; } // ParticleContact lastContact = std.remove_if( // m_contactBuffer, m_contactBuffer + m_contactCount, // Test.IsContactInvalid); // m_contactCount = (int) (lastContact - m_contactBuffer); j = m_contactCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if (Test.IsContactInvalid(m_contactBuffer[i])) { --j; ParticleContact temp = m_contactBuffer[j]; m_contactBuffer[j] = m_contactBuffer[i]; m_contactBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_contactCount = j; // update particle-body contacts for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; contact.index = newIndices[contact.index]; } // ParticleBodyContact lastBodyContact = std.remove_if( // m_bodyContactBuffer, m_bodyContactBuffer + m_bodyContactCount, // Test.IsBodyContactInvalid); // m_bodyContactCount = (int) (lastBodyContact - m_bodyContactBuffer); j = m_bodyContactCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if (Test.IsBodyContactInvalid(m_bodyContactBuffer[i])) { --j; ParticleBodyContact temp = m_bodyContactBuffer[j]; m_bodyContactBuffer[j] = m_bodyContactBuffer[i]; m_bodyContactBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_bodyContactCount = j; // update pairs for (int k = 0; k < m_pairCount; k++) { Pair pair = m_pairBuffer[k]; pair.indexA = newIndices[pair.indexA]; pair.indexB = newIndices[pair.indexB]; } // Pair lastPair = std.remove_if(m_pairBuffer, m_pairBuffer + m_pairCount, Test.IsPairInvalid); // m_pairCount = (int) (lastPair - m_pairBuffer); j = m_pairCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if (Test.IsPairInvalid(m_pairBuffer[i])) { --j; Pair temp = m_pairBuffer[j]; m_pairBuffer[j] = m_pairBuffer[i]; m_pairBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_pairCount = j; // update triads for (int k = 0; k < m_triadCount; k++) { Triad triad = m_triadBuffer[k]; triad.indexA = newIndices[triad.indexA]; triad.indexB = newIndices[triad.indexB]; triad.indexC = newIndices[triad.indexC]; } // Triad lastTriad = // std.remove_if(m_triadBuffer, m_triadBuffer + m_triadCount, Test.isTriadInvalid); // m_triadCount = (int) (lastTriad - m_triadBuffer); j = m_triadCount; for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) { if (Test.IsTriadInvalid(m_triadBuffer[i])) { --j; Triad temp = m_triadBuffer[j]; m_triadBuffer[j] = m_triadBuffer[i]; m_triadBuffer[i] = temp; --i; } } m_triadCount = j; // update groups for (ParticleGroup group = m_groupList; group != null; group = group.getNext()) { int firstIndex = newCount; int lastIndex = 0; boolean modified = false; for (int i = group.m_firstIndex; i < group.m_lastIndex; i++) { j = newIndices[i]; if (j >= 0) { firstIndex = MathUtils.min(firstIndex, j); lastIndex = MathUtils.max(lastIndex, j + 1); } else { modified = true; } } if (firstIndex < lastIndex) { group.m_firstIndex = firstIndex; group.m_lastIndex = lastIndex; if (modified) { if ((group.m_groupFlags & ParticleGroupType.b2_rigidParticleGroup) != 0) { group.m_toBeSplit = true; } } } else { group.m_firstIndex = 0; group.m_lastIndex = 0; if (group.m_destroyAutomatically) { group.m_toBeDestroyed = true; } } } // update particle count m_count = newCount; // m_world.m_stackAllocator.Free(newIndices); // destroy bodies with no particles for (ParticleGroup group = m_groupList; group != null;) { ParticleGroup next = group.getNext(); if (group.m_toBeDestroyed) { destroyParticleGroup(group); } else if (group.m_toBeSplit) { // TODO: split the group } group = next; } } private static class NewIndices { int start, mid, end; final int getIndex(final int i) { if (i < start) { return i; } else if (i < mid) { return i + end - mid; } else if (i < end) { return i + start - mid; } else { return i; } } } private final NewIndices newIndices = new NewIndices(); void RotateBuffer(int start, int mid, int end) { // move the particles assigned to the given group toward the end of array if (start == mid || mid == end) { return; } newIndices.start = start; newIndices.mid = mid; newIndices.end = end; BufferUtils.rotate(m_flagsBuffer.data, start, mid, end); BufferUtils.rotate(m_positionBuffer.data, start, mid, end); BufferUtils.rotate(m_velocityBuffer.data, start, mid, end); BufferUtils.rotate(m_groupBuffer, start, mid, end); if (m_depthBuffer != null) { BufferUtils.rotate(m_depthBuffer, start, mid, end); } if (m_colorBuffer.data != null) { BufferUtils.rotate(m_colorBuffer.data, start, mid, end); } if (m_userDataBuffer.data != null) { BufferUtils.rotate(m_userDataBuffer.data, start, mid, end); } // update proxies for (int k = 0; k < m_proxyCount; k++) { Proxy proxy = m_proxyBuffer[k]; proxy.index = newIndices.getIndex(proxy.index); } // update contacts for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; contact.indexA = newIndices.getIndex(contact.indexA); contact.indexB = newIndices.getIndex(contact.indexB); } // update particle-body contacts for (int k = 0; k < m_bodyContactCount; k++) { ParticleBodyContact contact = m_bodyContactBuffer[k]; contact.index = newIndices.getIndex(contact.index); } // update pairs for (int k = 0; k < m_pairCount; k++) { Pair pair = m_pairBuffer[k]; pair.indexA = newIndices.getIndex(pair.indexA); pair.indexB = newIndices.getIndex(pair.indexB); } // update triads for (int k = 0; k < m_triadCount; k++) { Triad triad = m_triadBuffer[k]; triad.indexA = newIndices.getIndex(triad.indexA); triad.indexB = newIndices.getIndex(triad.indexB); triad.indexC = newIndices.getIndex(triad.indexC); } // update groups for (ParticleGroup group = m_groupList; group != null; group = group.getNext()) { group.m_firstIndex = newIndices.getIndex(group.m_firstIndex); group.m_lastIndex = newIndices.getIndex(group.m_lastIndex - 1) + 1; } } public void setParticleRadius(float radius) { m_particleDiameter = 2 * radius; m_squaredDiameter = m_particleDiameter * m_particleDiameter; m_inverseDiameter = 1 / m_particleDiameter; } public void setParticleDensity(float density) { m_density = density; m_inverseDensity = 1 / m_density; } public float getParticleDensity() { return m_density; } public void setParticleGravityScale(float gravityScale) { m_gravityScale = gravityScale; } public float getParticleGravityScale() { return m_gravityScale; } public void setParticleDamping(float damping) { m_dampingStrength = damping; } public float getParticleDamping() { return m_dampingStrength; } public float getParticleRadius() { return m_particleDiameter / 2; } float getCriticalVelocity(final TimeStep step) { return m_particleDiameter * step.inv_dt; } float getCriticalVelocitySquared(final TimeStep step) { float velocity = getCriticalVelocity(step); return velocity * velocity; } float getCriticalPressure(final TimeStep step) { return m_density * getCriticalVelocitySquared(step); } float getParticleStride() { return Settings.particleStride * m_particleDiameter; } float getParticleMass() { float stride = getParticleStride(); return m_density * stride * stride; } float getParticleInvMass() { return 1.777777f * m_inverseDensity * m_inverseDiameter * m_inverseDiameter; } public int[] getParticleFlagsBuffer() { return m_flagsBuffer.data; } public Vec2[] getParticlePositionBuffer() { return m_positionBuffer.data; } public Vec2[] getParticleVelocityBuffer() { return m_velocityBuffer.data; } public ParticleColor[] getParticleColorBuffer() { m_colorBuffer.data = requestParticleBuffer(ParticleColor.class, m_colorBuffer.data); return m_colorBuffer.data; } public Object[] getParticleUserDataBuffer() { m_userDataBuffer.data = requestParticleBuffer(Object.class, m_userDataBuffer.data); return m_userDataBuffer.data; } public int getParticleMaxCount() { return m_maxCount; } public void setParticleMaxCount(int count) { assert (m_count <= count); m_maxCount = count; } void setParticleBuffer(ParticleBufferInt buffer, int[] newData, int newCapacity) { assert ((newData != null && newCapacity != 0) || (newData == null && newCapacity == 0)); if (buffer.userSuppliedCapacity != 0) { // m_world.m_blockAllocator.Free(buffer.data, sizeof(T) * m_internalAllocatedCapacity); } buffer.data = newData; buffer.userSuppliedCapacity = newCapacity; } <T> void setParticleBuffer(ParticleBuffer<T> buffer, T[] newData, int newCapacity) { assert ((newData != null && newCapacity != 0) || (newData == null && newCapacity == 0)); if (buffer.userSuppliedCapacity != 0) { // m_world.m_blockAllocator.Free(buffer.data, sizeof(T) * m_internalAllocatedCapacity); } buffer.data = newData; buffer.userSuppliedCapacity = newCapacity; } public void setParticleFlagsBuffer(int[] buffer, int capacity) { setParticleBuffer(m_flagsBuffer, buffer, capacity); } public void setParticlePositionBuffer(Vec2[] buffer, int capacity) { setParticleBuffer(m_positionBuffer, buffer, capacity); } public void setParticleVelocityBuffer(Vec2[] buffer, int capacity) { setParticleBuffer(m_velocityBuffer, buffer, capacity); } public void setParticleColorBuffer(ParticleColor[] buffer, int capacity) { setParticleBuffer(m_colorBuffer, buffer, capacity); } public ParticleGroup[] getParticleGroupBuffer() { return m_groupBuffer; } public int getParticleGroupCount() { return m_groupCount; } public ParticleGroup[] getParticleGroupList() { return m_groupBuffer; } public int getParticleCount() { return m_count; } public void setParticleUserDataBuffer(Object[] buffer, int capacity) { setParticleBuffer(m_userDataBuffer, buffer, capacity); } private static final int lowerBound(Proxy[] ray, int length, long tag) { int left = 0; int step, curr; while (length > 0) { step = length / 2; curr = left + step; if (ray[curr].tag < tag) { left = curr + 1; length -= step + 1; } else { length = step; } } return left; } private static final int upperBound(Proxy[] ray, int length, long tag) { int left = 0; int step, curr; while (length > 0) { step = length / 2; curr = left + step; if (ray[curr].tag <= tag) { left = curr + 1; length -= step + 1; } else { length = step; } } return left; } public void queryAABB(ParticleQueryCallback callback, final AABB aabb) { if (m_proxyCount == 0) { return; } final float lowerBoundX = aabb.lowerBound.x; final float lowerBoundY = aabb.lowerBound.y; final float upperBoundX = aabb.upperBound.x; final float upperBoundY = aabb.upperBound.y; int firstProxy = lowerBound(m_proxyBuffer, m_proxyCount, computeTag(m_inverseDiameter * lowerBoundX, m_inverseDiameter * lowerBoundY)); int lastProxy = upperBound(m_proxyBuffer, m_proxyCount, computeTag(m_inverseDiameter * upperBoundX, m_inverseDiameter * upperBoundY)); for (int proxy = firstProxy; proxy < lastProxy; ++proxy) { int i = m_proxyBuffer[proxy].index; final Vec2 p = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; if (lowerBoundX < p.x && p.x < upperBoundX && lowerBoundY < p.y && p.y < upperBoundY) { if (!callback.reportParticle(i)) { break; } } } } /** * @param callback * @param point1 * @param point2 */ public void raycast(ParticleRaycastCallback callback, final Vec2 point1, final Vec2 point2) { if (m_proxyCount == 0) { return; } int firstProxy = lowerBound( m_proxyBuffer, m_proxyCount, computeTag(m_inverseDiameter * MathUtils.min(point1.x, point2.x) - 1, m_inverseDiameter * MathUtils.min(point1.y, point2.y) - 1)); int lastProxy = upperBound( m_proxyBuffer, m_proxyCount, computeTag(m_inverseDiameter * MathUtils.max(point1.x, point2.x) + 1, m_inverseDiameter * MathUtils.max(point1.y, point2.y) + 1)); float fraction = 1; // solving the following equation: // ((1-t)*point1+t*point2-position)^2=diameter^2 // where t is a potential fraction final float vx = point2.x - point1.x; final float vy = point2.y - point1.y; float v2 = vx * vx + vy * vy; if (v2 == 0) v2 = Float.MAX_VALUE; for (int proxy = firstProxy; proxy < lastProxy; ++proxy) { int i = m_proxyBuffer[proxy].index; final Vec2 posI = m_positionBuffer.data[i]; final float px = point1.x - posI.x; final float py = point1.y - posI.y; float pv = px * vx + py * vy; float p2 = px * px + py * py; float determinant = pv * pv - v2 * (p2 - m_squaredDiameter); if (determinant >= 0) { float sqrtDeterminant = MathUtils.sqrt(determinant); // find a solution between 0 and fraction float t = (-pv - sqrtDeterminant) / v2; if (t > fraction) { continue; } if (t < 0) { t = (-pv + sqrtDeterminant) / v2; if (t < 0 || t > fraction) { continue; } } final Vec2 n = tempVec; tempVec.x = px + t * vx; tempVec.y = py + t * vy; n.normalize(); final Vec2 point = tempVec2; point.x = point1.x + t * vx; point.y = point1.y + t * vy; float f = callback.reportParticle(i, point, n, t); fraction = MathUtils.min(fraction, f); if (fraction <= 0) { break; } } } } public float computeParticleCollisionEnergy() { float sum_v2 = 0; for (int k = 0; k < m_contactCount; k++) { final ParticleContact contact = m_contactBuffer[k]; int a = contact.indexA; int b = contact.indexB; Vec2 n = contact.normal; final Vec2 va = m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 vb = m_velocityBuffer.data[b]; final float vx = vb.x - va.x; final float vy = vb.y - va.y; float vn = vx * n.x + vy * n.y; if (vn < 0) { sum_v2 += vn * vn; } } return 0.5f * getParticleMass() * sum_v2; } // reallocate a buffer static <T> T[] reallocateBuffer(ParticleBuffer<T> buffer, int oldCapacity, int newCapacity, boolean deferred) { assert (newCapacity > oldCapacity); return BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(buffer.dataClass, buffer.data, buffer.userSuppliedCapacity, oldCapacity, newCapacity, deferred); } static int[] reallocateBuffer(ParticleBufferInt buffer, int oldCapacity, int newCapacity, boolean deferred) { assert (newCapacity > oldCapacity); return BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(buffer.data, buffer.userSuppliedCapacity, oldCapacity, newCapacity, deferred); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") <T> T[] requestParticleBuffer(Class<T> klass, T[] buffer) { if (buffer == null) { buffer = (T[]) ArrayReflection.newInstance(klass, m_internalAllocatedCapacity); for (int i = 0; i < m_internalAllocatedCapacity; i++) { try { buffer[i] = ClassReflection.newInstance(klass); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } return buffer; } float[] requestParticleBuffer(float[] buffer) { if (buffer == null) { buffer = new float[m_internalAllocatedCapacity]; } return buffer; } public static class ParticleBuffer<T> { public T[] data; final Class<T> dataClass; int userSuppliedCapacity; public ParticleBuffer(Class<T> dataClass) { this.dataClass = dataClass; } } static class ParticleBufferInt { int[] data; int userSuppliedCapacity; } /** Used for detecting particle contacts */ public static class Proxy implements Comparable<Proxy> { int index; long tag; @Override public int compareTo(Proxy o) { return (tag - o.tag) < 0 ? -1 : (o.tag == tag ? 0 : 1); } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; Proxy other = (Proxy) obj; if (tag != other.tag) return false; return true; } } /** Connection between two particles */ public static class Pair { int indexA, indexB; int flags; float strength; float distance; } /** Connection between three particles */ public static class Triad { int indexA, indexB, indexC; int flags; float strength; final Vec2 pa = new Vec2(), pb = new Vec2(), pc = new Vec2(); float ka, kb, kc, s; } // Callback used with VoronoiDiagram. static class CreateParticleGroupCallback implements VoronoiDiagramCallback { public void callback(int a, int b, int c) { final Vec2 pa = system.m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 pb = system.m_positionBuffer.data[b]; final Vec2 pc = system.m_positionBuffer.data[c]; final float dabx = pa.x - pb.x; final float daby = pa.y - pb.y; final float dbcx = pb.x - pc.x; final float dbcy = pb.y - pc.y; final float dcax = pc.x - pa.x; final float dcay = pc.y - pa.y; float maxDistanceSquared = Settings.maxTriadDistanceSquared * system.m_squaredDiameter; if (dabx * dabx + daby * daby < maxDistanceSquared && dbcx * dbcx + dbcy * dbcy < maxDistanceSquared && dcax * dcax + dcay * dcay < maxDistanceSquared) { if (system.m_triadCount >= system.m_triadCapacity) { int oldCapacity = system.m_triadCapacity; int newCapacity = system.m_triadCount != 0 ? 2 * system.m_triadCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; system.m_triadBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Triad.class, system.m_triadBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); system.m_triadCapacity = newCapacity; } Triad triad = system.m_triadBuffer[system.m_triadCount]; triad.indexA = a; triad.indexB = b; triad.indexC = c; triad.flags = system.m_flagsBuffer.data[a] | system.m_flagsBuffer.data[b] | system.m_flagsBuffer.data[c]; triad.strength = def.strength; final float midPointx = (float) 1 / 3 * (pa.x + pb.x + pc.x); final float midPointy = (float) 1 / 3 * (pa.y + pb.y + pc.y); triad.pa.x = pa.x - midPointx; triad.pa.y = pa.y - midPointy; triad.pb.x = pb.x - midPointx; triad.pb.y = pb.y - midPointy; triad.pc.x = pc.x - midPointx; triad.pc.y = pc.y - midPointy; triad.ka = -(dcax * dabx + dcay * daby); triad.kb = -(dabx * dbcx + daby * dbcy); triad.kc = -(dbcx * dcax + dbcy * dcay); triad.s = Vec2.cross(pa, pb) + Vec2.cross(pb, pc) + Vec2.cross(pc, pa); system.m_triadCount++; } } ParticleSystem system; ParticleGroupDef def; // pointer int firstIndex; } // Callback used with VoronoiDiagram. static class JoinParticleGroupsCallback implements VoronoiDiagramCallback { public void callback(int a, int b, int c) { // Create a triad if it will contain particles from both groups. int countA = ((a < groupB.m_firstIndex) ? 1 : 0) + ((b < groupB.m_firstIndex) ? 1 : 0) + ((c < groupB.m_firstIndex) ? 1 : 0); if (countA > 0 && countA < 3) { int af = system.m_flagsBuffer.data[a]; int bf = system.m_flagsBuffer.data[b]; int cf = system.m_flagsBuffer.data[c]; if ((af & bf & cf & k_triadFlags) != 0) { final Vec2 pa = system.m_positionBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 pb = system.m_positionBuffer.data[b]; final Vec2 pc = system.m_positionBuffer.data[c]; final float dabx = pa.x - pb.x; final float daby = pa.y - pb.y; final float dbcx = pb.x - pc.x; final float dbcy = pb.y - pc.y; final float dcax = pc.x - pa.x; final float dcay = pc.y - pa.y; float maxDistanceSquared = Settings.maxTriadDistanceSquared * system.m_squaredDiameter; if (dabx * dabx + daby * daby < maxDistanceSquared && dbcx * dbcx + dbcy * dbcy < maxDistanceSquared && dcax * dcax + dcay * dcay < maxDistanceSquared) { if (system.m_triadCount >= system.m_triadCapacity) { int oldCapacity = system.m_triadCapacity; int newCapacity = system.m_triadCount != 0 ? 2 * system.m_triadCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; system.m_triadBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(Triad.class, system.m_triadBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); system.m_triadCapacity = newCapacity; } Triad triad = system.m_triadBuffer[system.m_triadCount]; triad.indexA = a; triad.indexB = b; triad.indexC = c; triad.flags = af | bf | cf; triad.strength = MathUtils.min(groupA.m_strength, groupB.m_strength); final float midPointx = (float) 1 / 3 * (pa.x + pb.x + pc.x); final float midPointy = (float) 1 / 3 * (pa.y + pb.y + pc.y); triad.pa.x = pa.x - midPointx; triad.pa.y = pa.y - midPointy; triad.pb.x = pb.x - midPointx; triad.pb.y = pb.y - midPointy; triad.pc.x = pc.x - midPointx; triad.pc.y = pc.y - midPointy; triad.ka = -(dcax * dabx + dcay * daby); triad.kb = -(dabx * dbcx + daby * dbcy); triad.kc = -(dbcx * dcax + dbcy * dcay); triad.s = Vec2.cross(pa, pb) + Vec2.cross(pb, pc) + Vec2.cross(pc, pa); system.m_triadCount++; } } } } ParticleSystem system; ParticleGroup groupA; ParticleGroup groupB; }; static class DestroyParticlesInShapeCallback implements ParticleQueryCallback { ParticleSystem system; Shape shape; Transform xf; boolean callDestructionListener; int destroyed; public DestroyParticlesInShapeCallback() { // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public void init(ParticleSystem system, Shape shape, Transform xf, boolean callDestructionListener) { this.system = system; this.shape = shape; this.xf = xf; this.destroyed = 0; this.callDestructionListener = callDestructionListener; } @Override public boolean reportParticle(int index) { assert (index >= 0 && index < system.m_count); if (shape.testPoint(xf, system.m_positionBuffer.data[index])) { system.destroyParticle(index, callDestructionListener); destroyed++; } return true; } } static class UpdateBodyContactsCallback implements QueryCallback { ParticleSystem system; private final Vec2 tempVec = new Vec2(); @Override public boolean reportFixture(Fixture fixture) { if (fixture.isSensor()) { return true; } final Shape shape = fixture.getShape(); Body b = fixture.getBody(); Vec2 bp = b.getWorldCenter(); float bm = b.getMass(); float bI = b.getInertia() - bm * b.getLocalCenter().lengthSquared(); float invBm = bm > 0 ? 1 / bm : 0; float invBI = bI > 0 ? 1 / bI : 0; int childCount = shape.getChildCount(); for (int childIndex = 0; childIndex < childCount; childIndex++) { AABB aabb = fixture.getAABB(childIndex); final float aabblowerBoundx = aabb.lowerBound.x - system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabblowerBoundy = aabb.lowerBound.y - system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabbupperBoundx = aabb.upperBound.x + system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabbupperBoundy = aabb.upperBound.y + system.m_particleDiameter; int firstProxy = lowerBound( system.m_proxyBuffer, system.m_proxyCount, computeTag(system.m_inverseDiameter * aabblowerBoundx, system.m_inverseDiameter * aabblowerBoundy)); int lastProxy = upperBound( system.m_proxyBuffer, system.m_proxyCount, computeTag(system.m_inverseDiameter * aabbupperBoundx, system.m_inverseDiameter * aabbupperBoundy)); for (int proxy = firstProxy; proxy != lastProxy; ++proxy) { int a = system.m_proxyBuffer[proxy].index; Vec2 ap = system.m_positionBuffer.data[a]; if (aabblowerBoundx <= ap.x && ap.x <= aabbupperBoundx && aabblowerBoundy <= ap.y && ap.y <= aabbupperBoundy) { float d; final Vec2 n = tempVec; d = fixture.computeDistance(ap, childIndex, n); if (d < system.m_particleDiameter) { float invAm = (system.m_flagsBuffer.data[a] & ParticleType.b2_wallParticle) != 0 ? 0 : system .getParticleInvMass(); final float rpx = ap.x - bp.x; final float rpy = ap.y - bp.y; float rpn = rpx * n.y - rpy * n.x; if (system.m_bodyContactCount >= system.m_bodyContactCapacity) { int oldCapacity = system.m_bodyContactCapacity; int newCapacity = system.m_bodyContactCount != 0 ? 2 * system.m_bodyContactCount : Settings.minParticleBufferCapacity; system.m_bodyContactBuffer = BufferUtils.reallocateBuffer(ParticleBodyContact.class, system.m_bodyContactBuffer, oldCapacity, newCapacity); system.m_bodyContactCapacity = newCapacity; } ParticleBodyContact contact = system.m_bodyContactBuffer[system.m_bodyContactCount]; contact.index = a; contact.body = b; contact.weight = 1 - d * system.m_inverseDiameter; contact.normal.x = -n.x; contact.normal.y = -n.y; contact.mass = 1 / (invAm + invBm + invBI * rpn * rpn); system.m_bodyContactCount++; } } } } return true; } } static class SolveCollisionCallback implements QueryCallback { ParticleSystem system; TimeStep step; private final RayCastInput input = new RayCastInput(); private final RayCastOutput output = new RayCastOutput(); private final Vec2 tempVec = new Vec2(); private final Vec2 tempVec2 = new Vec2(); @Override public boolean reportFixture(Fixture fixture) { if (fixture.isSensor()) { return true; } final Shape shape = fixture.getShape(); Body body = fixture.getBody(); int childCount = shape.getChildCount(); for (int childIndex = 0; childIndex < childCount; childIndex++) { AABB aabb = fixture.getAABB(childIndex); final float aabblowerBoundx = aabb.lowerBound.x - system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabblowerBoundy = aabb.lowerBound.y - system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabbupperBoundx = aabb.upperBound.x + system.m_particleDiameter; final float aabbupperBoundy = aabb.upperBound.y + system.m_particleDiameter; int firstProxy = lowerBound( system.m_proxyBuffer, system.m_proxyCount, computeTag(system.m_inverseDiameter * aabblowerBoundx, system.m_inverseDiameter * aabblowerBoundy)); int lastProxy = upperBound( system.m_proxyBuffer, system.m_proxyCount, computeTag(system.m_inverseDiameter * aabbupperBoundx, system.m_inverseDiameter * aabbupperBoundy)); for (int proxy = firstProxy; proxy != lastProxy; ++proxy) { int a = system.m_proxyBuffer[proxy].index; Vec2 ap = system.m_positionBuffer.data[a]; if (aabblowerBoundx <= ap.x && ap.x <= aabbupperBoundx && aabblowerBoundy <= ap.y && ap.y <= aabbupperBoundy) { Vec2 av = system.m_velocityBuffer.data[a]; final Vec2 temp = tempVec; Transform.mulTransToOutUnsafe(body.m_xf0, ap, temp); Transform.mulToOutUnsafe(body.m_xf, temp, input.p1); input.p2.x = ap.x + step.dt * av.x; input.p2.y = ap.y + step.dt * av.y; input.maxFraction = 1; if (fixture.raycast(output, input, childIndex)) { final Vec2 p = tempVec; p.x = (1 - output.fraction) * input.p1.x + output.fraction * input.p2.x + Settings.linearSlop * output.normal.x; p.y = (1 - output.fraction) * input.p1.y + output.fraction * input.p2.y + Settings.linearSlop * output.normal.y; final float vx = step.inv_dt * (p.x - ap.x); final float vy = step.inv_dt * (p.y - ap.y); av.x = vx; av.y = vy; final float particleMass = system.getParticleMass(); final float ax = particleMass * (av.x - vx); final float ay = particleMass * (av.y - vy); Vec2 b = output.normal; final float fdn = ax * b.x + ay * b.y; final Vec2 f = tempVec2; f.x = fdn * b.x; f.y = fdn * b.y; body.applyLinearImpulse(f, p, true); } } } } return true; } } static class Test { static boolean IsProxyInvalid(final Proxy proxy) { return proxy.index < 0; } static boolean IsContactInvalid(final ParticleContact contact) { return contact.indexA < 0 || contact.indexB < 0; } static boolean IsBodyContactInvalid(final ParticleBodyContact contact) { return contact.index < 0; } static boolean IsPairInvalid(final Pair pair) { return pair.indexA < 0 || pair.indexB < 0; } static boolean IsTriadInvalid(final Triad triad) { return triad.indexA < 0 || triad.indexB < 0 || triad.indexC < 0; } }; }