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* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
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* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
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*
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* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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*
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package java.beans;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.security.AccessControlContext;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import sun.reflect.misc.MethodUtil;
import sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil;
/**
* The {@code EventHandler} class provides
* support for dynamically generating event listeners whose methods
* execute a simple statement involving an incoming event object
* and a target object.
* <p>
* The {@code EventHandler} class is intended to be used by interactive tools, such as
* application builders, that allow developers to make connections between
* beans. Typically connections are made from a user interface bean
* (the event <em>source</em>)
* to an application logic bean (the <em>target</em>). The most effective
* connections of this kind isolate the application logic from the user
* interface. For example, the {@code EventHandler} for a
* connection from a {@code JCheckBox} to a method
* that accepts a boolean value can deal with extracting the state
* of the check box and passing it directly to the method so that
* the method is isolated from the user interface layer.
* <p>
* Inner classes are another, more general way to handle events from
* user interfaces. The {@code EventHandler} class
* handles only a subset of what is possible using inner
* classes. However, {@code EventHandler} works better
* with the long-term persistence scheme than inner classes.
* Also, using {@code EventHandler} in large applications in
* which the same interface is implemented many times can
* reduce the disk and memory footprint of the application.
* <p>
* The reason that listeners created with {@code EventHandler}
* have such a small
* footprint is that the {@code Proxy} class, on which
* the {@code EventHandler} relies, shares implementations
* of identical
* interfaces. For example, if you use
* the {@code EventHandler create} methods to make
* all the {@code ActionListener}s in an application,
* all the action listeners will be instances of a single class
* (one created by the {@code Proxy} class).
* In general, listeners based on
* the {@code Proxy} class require one listener class
* to be created per <em>listener type</em> (interface),
* whereas the inner class
* approach requires one class to be created per <em>listener</em>
* (object that implements the interface).
*
* <p>
* You don't generally deal directly with {@code EventHandler}
* instances.
* Instead, you use one of the {@code EventHandler}
* {@code create} methods to create
* an object that implements a given listener interface.
* This listener object uses an {@code EventHandler} object
* behind the scenes to encapsulate information about the
* event, the object to be sent a message when the event occurs,
* the message (method) to be sent, and any argument
* to the method.
* The following section gives examples of how to create listener
* objects using the {@code create} methods.
*
* <h2>Examples of Using EventHandler</h2>
*
* The simplest use of {@code EventHandler} is to install
* a listener that calls a method on the target object with no arguments.
* In the following example we create an {@code ActionListener}
* that invokes the {@code toFront} method on an instance
* of {@code javax.swing.JFrame}.
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
*myButton.addActionListener(
* (ActionListener)EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, frame, "toFront"));
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* When {@code myButton} is pressed, the statement
* {@code frame.toFront()} will be executed. One could get
* the same effect, with some additional compile-time type safety,
* by defining a new implementation of the {@code ActionListener}
* interface and adding an instance of it to the button:
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*myButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* frame.toFront();
* }
*});
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* The next simplest use of {@code EventHandler} is
* to extract a property value from the first argument
* of the method in the listener interface (typically an event object)
* and use it to set the value of a property in the target object.
* In the following example we create an {@code ActionListener} that
* sets the {@code nextFocusableComponent} property of the target
* (myButton) object to the value of the "source" property of the event.
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, myButton, "nextFocusableComponent", "source")
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* This would correspond to the following inner class implementation:
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new ActionListener() {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* myButton.setNextFocusableComponent((Component)e.getSource());
* }
*}
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* It's also possible to create an {@code EventHandler} that
* just passes the incoming event object to the target's action.
* If the fourth {@code EventHandler.create} argument is
* an empty string, then the event is just passed along:
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, target, "doActionEvent", "")
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* This would correspond to the following inner class implementation:
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new ActionListener() {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* target.doActionEvent(e);
* }
*}
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* Probably the most common use of {@code EventHandler}
* is to extract a property value from the
* <em>source</em> of the event object and set this value as
* the value of a property of the target object.
* In the following example we create an {@code ActionListener} that
* sets the "label" property of the target
* object to the value of the "text" property of the
* source (the value of the "source" property) of the event.
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, myButton, "label", "source.text")
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* This would correspond to the following inner class implementation:
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new ActionListener {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* myButton.setLabel(((JTextField)e.getSource()).getText());
* }
*}
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* The event property may be "qualified" with an arbitrary number
* of property prefixes delimited with the "." character. The "qualifying"
* names that appear before the "." characters are taken as the names of
* properties that should be applied, left-most first, to
* the event object.
* <p>
* For example, the following action listener
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, target, "a", "b.c.d")
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* might be written as the following inner class
* (assuming all the properties had canonical getter methods and
* returned the appropriate types):
*
* <blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new ActionListener {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* target.setA(e.getB().getC().isD());
* }
*}
*</pre>
* </blockquote>
* The target property may also be "qualified" with an arbitrary number
* of property prefixs delimited with the "." character. For example, the
* following action listener:
* <pre>
* EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, target, "a.b", "c.d")
* </pre>
* might be written as the following inner class
* (assuming all the properties had canonical getter methods and
* returned the appropriate types):
* <pre>
* //Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
* new ActionListener {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
* target.getA().setB(e.getC().isD());
* }
*}
*</pre>
* <p>
* As {@code EventHandler} ultimately relies on reflection to invoke
* a method we recommend against targeting an overloaded method. For example,
* if the target is an instance of the class {@code MyTarget} which is
* defined as:
* <pre>
* public class MyTarget {
* public void doIt(String);
* public void doIt(Object);
* }
* </pre>
* Then the method {@code doIt} is overloaded. EventHandler will invoke
* the method that is appropriate based on the source. If the source is
* null, then either method is appropriate and the one that is invoked is
* undefined. For that reason we recommend against targeting overloaded
* methods.
*
* @see java.lang.reflect.Proxy
* @see java.util.EventObject
*
* @since 1.4
*
* @author Mark Davidson
* @author Philip Milne
* @author Hans Muller
*
*/
public class EventHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object target;
private String action;
private final String eventPropertyName;
private final String listenerMethodName;
private final AccessControlContext acc = AccessController.getContext();
/**
* Creates a new {@code EventHandler} object;
* you generally use one of the {@code create} methods
* instead of invoking this constructor directly. Refer to
* {@link java.beans.EventHandler#create(Class, Object, String, String)
* the general version of create} for a complete description of
* the {@code eventPropertyName} and {@code listenerMethodName}
* parameter.
*
* @param target the object that will perform the action
* @param action the name of a (possibly qualified) property or method on
* the target
* @param eventPropertyName the (possibly qualified) name of a readable property of the incoming event
* @param listenerMethodName the name of the method in the listener interface that should trigger the action
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code target} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code action} is null
*
* @see EventHandler
* @see #create(Class, Object, String, String, String)
* @see #getTarget
* @see #getAction
* @see #getEventPropertyName
* @see #getListenerMethodName
*/
@ConstructorProperties({"target", "action", "eventPropertyName", "listenerMethodName"})
public EventHandler(Object target, String action, String eventPropertyName, String listenerMethodName) {
this.target = target;
this.action = action;
if (target == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("target must be non-null");
}
if (action == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("action must be non-null");
}
this.eventPropertyName = eventPropertyName;
this.listenerMethodName = listenerMethodName;
}
/**
* Returns the object to which this event handler will send a message.
*
* @return the target of this event handler
* @see #EventHandler(Object, String, String, String)
*/
public Object getTarget() {
return target;
}
/**
* Returns the name of the target's writable property
* that this event handler will set,
* or the name of the method that this event handler
* will invoke on the target.
*
* @return the action of this event handler
* @see #EventHandler(Object, String, String, String)
*/
public String getAction() {
return action;
}
/**
* Returns the property of the event that should be
* used in the action applied to the target.
*
* @return the property of the event
*
* @see #EventHandler(Object, String, String, String)
*/
public String getEventPropertyName() {
return eventPropertyName;
}
/**
* Returns the name of the method that will trigger the action.
* A return value of {@code null} signifies that all methods in the
* listener interface trigger the action.
*
* @return the name of the method that will trigger the action
*
* @see #EventHandler(Object, String, String, String)
*/
public String getListenerMethodName() {
return listenerMethodName;
}
private Object applyGetters(Object target, String getters) {
if (getters == null || getters.equals("")) {
return target;
}
int firstDot = getters.indexOf('.');
if (firstDot == -1) {
firstDot = getters.length();
}
String first = getters.substring(0, firstDot);
String rest = getters.substring(Math.min(firstDot + 1, getters.length()));
try {
Method getter = null;
if (target != null) {
getter = Statement.getMethod(target.getClass(),
"get" + NameGenerator.capitalize(first),
new Class<?>[]{});
if (getter == null) {
getter = Statement.getMethod(target.getClass(),
"is" + NameGenerator.capitalize(first),
new Class<?>[]{});
}
if (getter == null) {
getter = Statement.getMethod(target.getClass(), first, new Class<?>[]{});
}
}
if (getter == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("No method called: " + first +
" defined on " + target);
}
Object newTarget = MethodUtil.invoke(getter, target, new Object[]{});
return applyGetters(newTarget, rest);
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to call method: " + first +
" on " + target, e);
}
}
/**
* Extract the appropriate property value from the event and
* pass it to the action associated with
* this {@code EventHandler}.
*
* @param proxy the proxy object
* @param method the method in the listener interface
* @return the result of applying the action to the target
*
* @see EventHandler
*/
public Object invoke(final Object proxy, final Method method, final Object[] arguments) {
AccessControlContext acc = this.acc;
if ((acc == null) && (System.getSecurityManager() != null)) {
throw new SecurityException("AccessControlContext is not set");
}
return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
public Object run() {
return invokeInternal(proxy, method, arguments);
}
}, acc);
}
private Object invokeInternal(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] arguments) {
String methodName = method.getName();
if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
// Handle the Object public methods.
if (methodName.equals("hashCode")) {
return System.identityHashCode(proxy);
} else if (methodName.equals("equals")) {
return (proxy == arguments[0] ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
} else if (methodName.equals("toString")) {
return proxy.getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(proxy.hashCode());
}
}
if (listenerMethodName == null || listenerMethodName.equals(methodName)) {
Class<?>[] argTypes = null;
Object[] newArgs = null;
if (eventPropertyName == null) { // Nullary method.
newArgs = new Object[]{};
argTypes = new Class<?>[]{};
}
else {
Object input = applyGetters(arguments[0], getEventPropertyName());
newArgs = new Object[]{input};
argTypes = new Class<?>[]{input == null ? null :
input.getClass()};
}
try {
int lastDot = action.lastIndexOf('.');
if (lastDot != -1) {
target = applyGetters(target, action.substring(0, lastDot));
action = action.substring(lastDot + 1);
}
Method targetMethod = Statement.getMethod(
target.getClass(), action, argTypes);
if (targetMethod == null) {
targetMethod = Statement.getMethod(target.getClass(),
"set" + NameGenerator.capitalize(action), argTypes);
}
if (targetMethod == null) {
String argTypeString = (argTypes.length == 0)
? " with no arguments"
: " with argument " + argTypes[0];
throw new RuntimeException(
"No method called " + action + " on " +
target.getClass() + argTypeString);
}
return MethodUtil.invoke(targetMethod, target, newArgs);
}
catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
Throwable th = ex.getTargetException();
throw (th instanceof RuntimeException)
? (RuntimeException) th
: new RuntimeException(th);
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Creates an implementation of {@code listenerInterface} in which
* <em>all</em> of the methods in the listener interface apply
* the handler's {@code action} to the {@code target}. This
* method is implemented by calling the other, more general,
* implementation of the {@code create} method with both
* the {@code eventPropertyName} and the {@code listenerMethodName}
* taking the value {@code null}. Refer to
* {@link java.beans.EventHandler#create(Class, Object, String, String)
* the general version of create} for a complete description of
* the {@code action} parameter.
* <p>
* To create an {@code ActionListener} that shows a
* {@code JDialog} with {@code dialog.show()},
* one can write:
*
*<blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, dialog, "show")
*</pre>
*</blockquote>
*
* @param <T> the type to create
* @param listenerInterface the listener interface to create a proxy for
* @param target the object that will perform the action
* @param action the name of a (possibly qualified) property or method on
* the target
* @return an object that implements {@code listenerInterface}
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code listenerInterface} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code target} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code action} is null
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if creating a Proxy for
* {@code listenerInterface} fails for any of the restrictions
* specified by {@link Proxy#newProxyInstance}
* @see #create(Class, Object, String, String)
* @see Proxy#newProxyInstance
*/
public static <T> T create(Class<T> listenerInterface,
Object target, String action)
{
return create(listenerInterface, target, action, null, null);
}
/**
/**
* Creates an implementation of {@code listenerInterface} in which
* <em>all</em> of the methods pass the value of the event
* expression, {@code eventPropertyName}, to the final method in the
* statement, {@code action}, which is applied to the {@code target}.
* This method is implemented by calling the
* more general, implementation of the {@code create} method with
* the {@code listenerMethodName} taking the value {@code null}.
* Refer to
* {@link java.beans.EventHandler#create(Class, Object, String, String)
* the general version of create} for a complete description of
* the {@code action} and {@code eventPropertyName} parameters.
* <p>
* To create an {@code ActionListener} that sets the
* the text of a {@code JLabel} to the text value of
* the {@code JTextField} source of the incoming event,
* you can use the following code:
*
*<blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(ActionListener.class, label, "text", "source.text");
*</pre>
*</blockquote>
*
* This is equivalent to the following code:
*<blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new ActionListener() {
* public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
* label.setText(((JTextField)(event.getSource())).getText());
* }
*};
*</pre>
*</blockquote>
*
* @param <T> the type to create
* @param listenerInterface the listener interface to create a proxy for
* @param target the object that will perform the action
* @param action the name of a (possibly qualified) property or method on
* the target
* @param eventPropertyName the (possibly qualified) name of a readable property of the incoming event
*
* @return an object that implements {@code listenerInterface}
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code listenerInterface} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code target} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code action} is null
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if creating a Proxy for
* {@code listenerInterface} fails for any of the restrictions
* specified by {@link Proxy#newProxyInstance}
* @see #create(Class, Object, String, String, String)
* @see Proxy#newProxyInstance
*/
public static <T> T create(Class<T> listenerInterface,
Object target, String action,
String eventPropertyName)
{
return create(listenerInterface, target, action, eventPropertyName, null);
}
/**
* Creates an implementation of {@code listenerInterface} in which
* the method named {@code listenerMethodName}
* passes the value of the event expression, {@code eventPropertyName},
* to the final method in the statement, {@code action}, which
* is applied to the {@code target}. All of the other listener
* methods do nothing.
* <p>
* The {@code eventPropertyName} string is used to extract a value
* from the incoming event object that is passed to the target
* method. The common case is the target method takes no arguments, in
* which case a value of null should be used for the
* {@code eventPropertyName}. Alternatively if you want
* the incoming event object passed directly to the target method use
* the empty string.
* The format of the {@code eventPropertyName} string is a sequence of
* methods or properties where each method or
* property is applied to the value returned by the preceding method
* starting from the incoming event object.
* The syntax is: {@code propertyName{.propertyName}*}
* where {@code propertyName} matches a method or
* property. For example, to extract the {@code point}
* property from a {@code MouseEvent}, you could use either
* {@code "point"} or {@code "getPoint"} as the
* {@code eventPropertyName}. To extract the "text" property from
* a {@code MouseEvent} with a {@code JLabel} source use any
* of the following as {@code eventPropertyName}:
* {@code "source.text"},
* {@code "getSource.text" "getSource.getText"} or
* {@code "source.getText"}. If a method can not be found, or an
* exception is generated as part of invoking a method a
* {@code RuntimeException} will be thrown at dispatch time. For
* example, if the incoming event object is null, and
* {@code eventPropertyName} is non-null and not empty, a
* {@code RuntimeException} will be thrown.
* <p>
* The {@code action} argument is of the same format as the
* {@code eventPropertyName} argument where the last property name
* identifies either a method name or writable property.
* <p>
* If the {@code listenerMethodName} is {@code null}
* <em>all</em> methods in the interface trigger the {@code action} to be
* executed on the {@code target}.
* <p>
* For example, to create a {@code MouseListener} that sets the target
* object's {@code origin} property to the incoming {@code MouseEvent}'s
* location (that's the value of {@code mouseEvent.getPoint()}) each
* time a mouse button is pressed, one would write:
*<blockquote>
*<pre>
*EventHandler.create(MouseListener.class, target, "origin", "point", "mousePressed");
*</pre>
*</blockquote>
*
* This is comparable to writing a {@code MouseListener} in which all
* of the methods except {@code mousePressed} are no-ops:
*
*<blockquote>
*<pre>
//Equivalent code using an inner class instead of EventHandler.
*new MouseAdapter() {
* public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
* target.setOrigin(e.getPoint());
* }
*};
* </pre>
*</blockquote>
*
* @param <T> the type to create
* @param listenerInterface the listener interface to create a proxy for
* @param target the object that will perform the action
* @param action the name of a (possibly qualified) property or method on
* the target
* @param eventPropertyName the (possibly qualified) name of a readable property of the incoming event
* @param listenerMethodName the name of the method in the listener interface that should trigger the action
*
* @return an object that implements {@code listenerInterface}
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code listenerInterface} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code target} is null
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code action} is null
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if creating a Proxy for
* {@code listenerInterface} fails for any of the restrictions
* specified by {@link Proxy#newProxyInstance}
* @see EventHandler
* @see Proxy#newProxyInstance
*/
public static <T> T create(Class<T> listenerInterface,
Object target, String action,
String eventPropertyName,
String listenerMethodName)
{
// Create this first to verify target/action are non-null
final EventHandler handler = new EventHandler(target, action,
eventPropertyName,
listenerMethodName);
if (listenerInterface == null) {
throw new NullPointerException(
"listenerInterface must be non-null");
}
final ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader(listenerInterface);
final Class<?>[] interfaces = {listenerInterface};
return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<T>() {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public T run() {
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(loader, interfaces, handler);
}
});
}
private static ClassLoader getClassLoader(Class<?> type) {
ReflectUtil.checkPackageAccess(type);
ClassLoader loader = type.getClassLoader();
if (loader == null) {
loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); // avoid use of BCP
if (loader == null) {
loader = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
}
}
return loader;
}
}