/*
* Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
package java.security;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.WeakHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
import java.util.Objects;
import sun.security.jca.GetInstance;
import sun.security.util.Debug;
import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
/**
* A Policy object is responsible for determining whether code executing
* in the Java runtime environment has permission to perform a
* security-sensitive operation.
*
* <p> There is only one Policy object installed in the runtime at any
* given time. A Policy object can be installed by calling the
* {@code setPolicy} method. The installed Policy object can be
* obtained by calling the {@code getPolicy} method.
*
* <p> If no Policy object has been installed in the runtime, a call to
* {@code getPolicy} installs an instance of the default Policy
* implementation (a default subclass implementation of this abstract class).
* The default Policy implementation can be changed by setting the value
* of the {@code policy.provider} security property to the fully qualified
* name of the desired Policy subclass implementation. The system class loader
* is used to load this class.
*
* <p> Application code can directly subclass Policy to provide a custom
* implementation. In addition, an instance of a Policy object can be
* constructed by invoking one of the {@code getInstance} factory methods
* with a standard type. The default policy type is "JavaPolicy".
*
* <p> Once a Policy instance has been installed (either by default, or by
* calling {@code setPolicy}), the Java runtime invokes its
* {@code implies} method when it needs to
* determine whether executing code (encapsulated in a ProtectionDomain)
* can perform SecurityManager-protected operations. How a Policy object
* retrieves its policy data is up to the Policy implementation itself.
* The policy data may be stored, for example, in a flat ASCII file,
* in a serialized binary file of the Policy class, or in a database.
*
* <p> The {@code refresh} method causes the policy object to
* refresh/reload its data. This operation is implementation-dependent.
* For example, if the policy object stores its data in configuration files,
* calling {@code refresh} will cause it to re-read the configuration
* policy files. If a refresh operation is not supported, this method does
* nothing. Note that refreshed policy may not have an effect on classes
* in a particular ProtectionDomain. This is dependent on the Policy
* provider's implementation of the {@code implies}
* method and its PermissionCollection caching strategy.
*
* @author Roland Schemers
* @author Gary Ellison
* @see java.security.Provider
* @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
* @see java.security.Permission
* @see java.security.Security security properties
*/
public abstract class Policy {
/**
* A read-only empty PermissionCollection instance.
* @since 1.6
*/
public static final PermissionCollection UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION =
new UnsupportedEmptyCollection();
// Information about the system-wide policy.
private static class PolicyInfo {
// the system-wide policy
final Policy policy;
// a flag indicating if the system-wide policy has been initialized
final boolean initialized;
PolicyInfo(Policy policy, boolean initialized) {
this.policy = policy;
this.initialized = initialized;
}
}
// PolicyInfo is stored in an AtomicReference
private static AtomicReference<PolicyInfo> policy =
new AtomicReference<>(new PolicyInfo(null, false));
private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("policy");
// Default policy provider
private static final String DEFAULT_POLICY =
"sun.security.provider.PolicyFile";
// Cache mapping ProtectionDomain.Key to PermissionCollection
private WeakHashMap<ProtectionDomain.Key, PermissionCollection> pdMapping;
/** package private for AccessControlContext and ProtectionDomain */
static boolean isSet()
{
PolicyInfo pi = policy.get();
return pi.policy != null && pi.initialized == true;
}
private static void checkPermission(String type) {
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPermission(new SecurityPermission("createPolicy." + type));
}
}
/**
* Returns the installed Policy object. This value should not be cached,
* as it may be changed by a call to {@code setPolicy}.
* This method first calls
* {@code SecurityManager.checkPermission} with a
* {@code SecurityPermission("getPolicy")} permission
* to ensure it's ok to get the Policy object.
*
* @return the installed Policy.
*
* @throws SecurityException
* if a security manager exists and its
* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
* getting the Policy object.
*
* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission(Permission)
* @see #setPolicy(java.security.Policy)
*/
public static Policy getPolicy()
{
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null)
sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_POLICY_PERMISSION);
return getPolicyNoCheck();
}
/**
* Returns the installed Policy object, skipping the security check.
* Used by ProtectionDomain and getPolicy.
*
* @return the installed Policy.
*/
static Policy getPolicyNoCheck()
{
PolicyInfo pi = policy.get();
// Use double-check idiom to avoid locking if system-wide policy is
// already initialized
if (pi.initialized == false || pi.policy == null) {
synchronized (Policy.class) {
PolicyInfo pinfo = policy.get();
if (pinfo.policy == null) {
return loadPolicyProvider();
}
return pinfo.policy;
}
}
return pi.policy;
}
/**
* Loads and instantiates a Policy implementation specified by the
* policy.provider security property. Note that this method should only
* be called by getPolicyNoCheck and from within a synchronized block with
* an intrinsic lock on the Policy.class.
*/
private static Policy loadPolicyProvider() {
String policyProvider =
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<>() {
@Override
public String run() {
return Security.getProperty("policy.provider");
}
});
/*
* If policy.provider is not set or is set to the default provider,
* simply instantiate it and return.
*/
if (policyProvider == null || policyProvider.isEmpty() ||
policyProvider.equals(DEFAULT_POLICY))
{
Policy polFile = new sun.security.provider.PolicyFile();
policy.set(new PolicyInfo(polFile, true));
return polFile;
}
/*
* Locate, load, and instantiate the policy.provider impl using
* the system class loader. While doing so, install the bootstrap
* provider to avoid potential recursion.
*/
Policy polFile = new sun.security.provider.PolicyFile();
policy.set(new PolicyInfo(polFile, false));
Policy pol = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<>() {
@Override
public Policy run() {
try {
ClassLoader scl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
Object o = Class.forName(policyProvider, true, scl).newInstance();
return (Policy)o;
} catch (Exception e) {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("policy provider " + policyProvider +
" not available");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
});
if (pol == null) {
// Fallback and use the system default implementation
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("using " + DEFAULT_POLICY);
}
pol = polFile;
}
policy.set(new PolicyInfo(pol, true));
return pol;
}
/**
* Sets the system-wide Policy object. This method first calls
* {@code SecurityManager.checkPermission} with a
* {@code SecurityPermission("setPolicy")}
* permission to ensure it's ok to set the Policy.
*
* @param p the new system Policy object.
*
* @throws SecurityException
* if a security manager exists and its
* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
* setting the Policy.
*
* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission(Permission)
* @see #getPolicy()
*
*/
public static void setPolicy(Policy p)
{
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) sm.checkPermission(
new SecurityPermission("setPolicy"));
if (p != null) {
initPolicy(p);
}
synchronized (Policy.class) {
policy.set(new PolicyInfo(p, p != null));
}
}
/**
* Initialize superclass state such that a legacy provider can
* handle queries for itself.
*
* @since 1.4
*/
private static void initPolicy (final Policy p) {
/*
* A policy provider not on the bootclasspath could trigger
* security checks fulfilling a call to either Policy.implies
* or Policy.getPermissions. If this does occur the provider
* must be able to answer for it's own ProtectionDomain
* without triggering additional security checks, otherwise
* the policy implementation will end up in an infinite
* recursion.
*
* To mitigate this, the provider can collect it's own
* ProtectionDomain and associate a PermissionCollection while
* it is being installed. The currently installed policy
* provider (if there is one) will handle calls to
* Policy.implies or Policy.getPermissions during this
* process.
*
* This Policy superclass caches away the ProtectionDomain and
* statically binds permissions so that legacy Policy
* implementations will continue to function.
*/
ProtectionDomain policyDomain =
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<>() {
public ProtectionDomain run() {
return p.getClass().getProtectionDomain();
}
});
/*
* Collect the permissions granted to this protection domain
* so that the provider can be security checked while processing
* calls to Policy.implies or Policy.getPermissions.
*/
PermissionCollection policyPerms = null;
synchronized (p) {
if (p.pdMapping == null) {
p.pdMapping = new WeakHashMap<>();
}
}
if (policyDomain.getCodeSource() != null) {
Policy pol = policy.get().policy;
if (pol != null) {
policyPerms = pol.getPermissions(policyDomain);
}
if (policyPerms == null) { // assume it has all
policyPerms = new Permissions();
policyPerms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
}
synchronized (p.pdMapping) {
// cache of pd to permissions
p.pdMapping.put(policyDomain.key, policyPerms);
}
}
return;
}
/**
* Returns a Policy object of the specified type.
*
* <p> This method traverses the list of registered security providers,
* starting with the most preferred Provider.
* A new Policy object encapsulating the
* PolicySpi implementation from the first
* Provider that supports the specified type is returned.
*
* <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
* the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
*
* @implNote
* The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses the
* {@code jdk.security.provider.preferred}
* {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
* the preferred provider order for the specified algorithm. This
* may be different than the order of providers returned by
* {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()}.
*
* @param type the specified Policy type. See the Policy section in the
* <a href=
* "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#Policy">
* Java Cryptography Architecture Standard Algorithm Name Documentation</a>
* for a list of standard Policy types.
*
* @param params parameters for the Policy, which may be null.
*
* @return the new {@code Policy} object
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified parameters
* are not understood by the {@code PolicySpi} implementation
* from the selected {@code Provider}
*
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if no {@code Provider} supports
* a {@code PolicySpi} implementation for the specified type
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code type} is {@code null}
*
* @throws SecurityException if the caller does not have permission
* to get a {@code Policy} instance for the specified type.
*
* @see Provider
* @since 1.6
*/
public static Policy getInstance(String type, Policy.Parameters params)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
Objects.requireNonNull(type, "null type name");
checkPermission(type);
try {
GetInstance.Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("Policy",
PolicySpi.class,
type,
params);
return new PolicyDelegate((PolicySpi)instance.impl,
instance.provider,
type,
params);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
return handleException(nsae);
}
}
/**
* Returns a Policy object of the specified type.
*
* <p> A new Policy object encapsulating the
* PolicySpi implementation from the specified provider
* is returned. The specified provider must be registered
* in the provider list.
*
* <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
* the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
*
* @param type the specified Policy type. See the Policy section in the
* <a href=
* "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#Policy">
* Java Cryptography Architecture Standard Algorithm Name Documentation</a>
* for a list of standard Policy types.
*
* @param params parameters for the Policy, which may be null.
*
* @param provider the provider.
*
* @return the new {@code Policy} object
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified provider
* is {@code null} or empty, or if the specified parameters are
* not understood by the {@code PolicySpi} implementation from
* the specified provider
*
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if the specified provider does not
* support a {@code PolicySpi} implementation for the specified
* type
*
* @throws NoSuchProviderException if the specified provider is not
* registered in the security provider list
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code type} is {@code null}
*
* @throws SecurityException if the caller does not have permission
* to get a {@code Policy} instance for the specified type
*
* @see Provider
* @since 1.6
*/
public static Policy getInstance(String type,
Policy.Parameters params,
String provider)
throws NoSuchProviderException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
Objects.requireNonNull(type, "null type name");
if (provider == null || provider.length() == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("missing provider");
}
checkPermission(type);
try {
GetInstance.Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("Policy",
PolicySpi.class,
type,
params,
provider);
return new PolicyDelegate((PolicySpi)instance.impl,
instance.provider,
type,
params);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
return handleException(nsae);
}
}
/**
* Returns a Policy object of the specified type.
*
* <p> A new Policy object encapsulating the
* PolicySpi implementation from the specified Provider
* object is returned. Note that the specified Provider object
* does not have to be registered in the provider list.
*
* @param type the specified Policy type. See the Policy section in the
* <a href=
* "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#Policy">
* Java Cryptography Architecture Standard Algorithm Name Documentation</a>
* for a list of standard Policy types.
*
* @param params parameters for the Policy, which may be null.
*
* @param provider the Provider.
*
* @return the new {@code Policy} object
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified {@code Provider}
* is {@code null}, or if the specified parameters are not
* understood by the {@code PolicySpi} implementation from the
* specified {@code Provider}
*
* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if the specified {@code Provider}
* does not support a {@code PolicySpi} implementation for
* the specified type
*
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code type} is {@code null}
*
* @throws SecurityException if the caller does not have permission
* to get a {@code Policy} instance for the specified type
*
* @see Provider
* @since 1.6
*/
public static Policy getInstance(String type,
Policy.Parameters params,
Provider provider)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
Objects.requireNonNull(type, "null type name");
if (provider == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("missing provider");
}
checkPermission(type);
try {
GetInstance.Instance instance = GetInstance.getInstance("Policy",
PolicySpi.class,
type,
params,
provider);
return new PolicyDelegate((PolicySpi)instance.impl,
instance.provider,
type,
params);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
return handleException(nsae);
}
}
private static Policy handleException(NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
Throwable cause = nsae.getCause();
if (cause instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {
throw (IllegalArgumentException)cause;
}
throw nsae;
}
/**
* Return the Provider of this Policy.
*
* <p> This Policy instance will only have a Provider if it
* was obtained via a call to {@code Policy.getInstance}.
* Otherwise this method returns null.
*
* @return the Provider of this Policy, or null.
*
* @since 1.6
*/
public Provider getProvider() {
return null;
}
/**
* Return the type of this Policy.
*
* <p> This Policy instance will only have a type if it
* was obtained via a call to {@code Policy.getInstance}.
* Otherwise this method returns null.
*
* @return the type of this Policy, or null.
*
* @since 1.6
*/
public String getType() {
return null;
}
/**
* Return Policy parameters.
*
* <p> This Policy instance will only have parameters if it
* was obtained via a call to {@code Policy.getInstance}.
* Otherwise this method returns null.
*
* @return Policy parameters, or null.
*
* @since 1.6
*/
public Policy.Parameters getParameters() {
return null;
}
/**
* Return a PermissionCollection object containing the set of
* permissions granted to the specified CodeSource.
*
* <p> Applications are discouraged from calling this method
* since this operation may not be supported by all policy implementations.
* Applications should solely rely on the {@code implies} method
* to perform policy checks. If an application absolutely must call
* a getPermissions method, it should call
* {@code getPermissions(ProtectionDomain)}.
*
* <p> The default implementation of this method returns
* Policy.UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION. This method can be
* overridden if the policy implementation can return a set of
* permissions granted to a CodeSource.
*
* @param codesource the CodeSource to which the returned
* PermissionCollection has been granted.
*
* @return a set of permissions granted to the specified CodeSource.
* If this operation is supported, the returned
* set of permissions must be a new mutable instance
* and it must support heterogeneous Permission types.
* If this operation is not supported,
* Policy.UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION is returned.
*/
public PermissionCollection getPermissions(CodeSource codesource) {
return Policy.UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION;
}
/**
* Return a PermissionCollection object containing the set of
* permissions granted to the specified ProtectionDomain.
*
* <p> Applications are discouraged from calling this method
* since this operation may not be supported by all policy implementations.
* Applications should rely on the {@code implies} method
* to perform policy checks.
*
* <p> The default implementation of this method first retrieves
* the permissions returned via {@code getPermissions(CodeSource)}
* (the CodeSource is taken from the specified ProtectionDomain),
* as well as the permissions located inside the specified ProtectionDomain.
* All of these permissions are then combined and returned in a new
* PermissionCollection object. If {@code getPermissions(CodeSource)}
* returns Policy.UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION, then this method
* returns the permissions contained inside the specified ProtectionDomain
* in a new PermissionCollection object.
*
* <p> This method can be overridden if the policy implementation
* supports returning a set of permissions granted to a ProtectionDomain.
*
* @param domain the ProtectionDomain to which the returned
* PermissionCollection has been granted.
*
* @return a set of permissions granted to the specified ProtectionDomain.
* If this operation is supported, the returned
* set of permissions must be a new mutable instance
* and it must support heterogeneous Permission types.
* If this operation is not supported,
* Policy.UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION is returned.
*
* @since 1.4
*/
public PermissionCollection getPermissions(ProtectionDomain domain) {
PermissionCollection pc = null;
if (domain == null)
return new Permissions();
if (pdMapping == null) {
initPolicy(this);
}
synchronized (pdMapping) {
pc = pdMapping.get(domain.key);
}
if (pc != null) {
Permissions perms = new Permissions();
synchronized (pc) {
for (Enumeration<Permission> e = pc.elements() ; e.hasMoreElements() ;) {
perms.add(e.nextElement());
}
}
return perms;
}
pc = getPermissions(domain.getCodeSource());
if (pc == null || pc == UNSUPPORTED_EMPTY_COLLECTION) {
pc = new Permissions();
}
addStaticPerms(pc, domain.getPermissions());
return pc;
}
/**
* add static permissions to provided permission collection
*/
private void addStaticPerms(PermissionCollection perms,
PermissionCollection statics) {
if (statics != null) {
synchronized (statics) {
Enumeration<Permission> e = statics.elements();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
perms.add(e.nextElement());
}
}
}
}
/**
* Evaluates the global policy for the permissions granted to
* the ProtectionDomain and tests whether the permission is
* granted.
*
* @param domain the ProtectionDomain to test
* @param permission the Permission object to be tested for implication.
*
* @return true if "permission" is a proper subset of a permission
* granted to this ProtectionDomain.
*
* @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
* @since 1.4
*/
public boolean implies(ProtectionDomain domain, Permission permission) {
PermissionCollection pc;
if (pdMapping == null) {
initPolicy(this);
}
synchronized (pdMapping) {
pc = pdMapping.get(domain.key);
}
if (pc != null) {
return pc.implies(permission);
}
pc = getPermissions(domain);
if (pc == null) {
return false;
}
synchronized (pdMapping) {
// cache it
pdMapping.put(domain.key, pc);
}
return pc.implies(permission);
}
/**
* Refreshes/reloads the policy configuration. The behavior of this method
* depends on the implementation. For example, calling {@code refresh}
* on a file-based policy will cause the file to be re-read.
*
* <p> The default implementation of this method does nothing.
* This method should be overridden if a refresh operation is supported
* by the policy implementation.
*/
public void refresh() { }
/**
* This subclass is returned by the getInstance calls. All Policy calls
* are delegated to the underlying PolicySpi.
*/
private static class PolicyDelegate extends Policy {
private PolicySpi spi;
private Provider p;
private String type;
private Policy.Parameters params;
private PolicyDelegate(PolicySpi spi, Provider p,
String type, Policy.Parameters params) {
this.spi = spi;
this.p = p;
this.type = type;
this.params = params;
}
@Override public String getType() { return type; }
@Override public Policy.Parameters getParameters() { return params; }
@Override public Provider getProvider() { return p; }
@Override
public PermissionCollection getPermissions(CodeSource codesource) {
return spi.engineGetPermissions(codesource);
}
@Override
public PermissionCollection getPermissions(ProtectionDomain domain) {
return spi.engineGetPermissions(domain);
}
@Override
public boolean implies(ProtectionDomain domain, Permission perm) {
return spi.engineImplies(domain, perm);
}
@Override
public void refresh() {
spi.engineRefresh();
}
}
/**
* This represents a marker interface for Policy parameters.
*
* @since 1.6
*/
public static interface Parameters { }
/**
* This class represents a read-only empty PermissionCollection object that
* is returned from the {@code getPermissions(CodeSource)} and
* {@code getPermissions(ProtectionDomain)}
* methods in the Policy class when those operations are not
* supported by the Policy implementation.
*/
private static class UnsupportedEmptyCollection
extends PermissionCollection {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8492269157353014774L;
private Permissions perms;
/**
* Create a read-only empty PermissionCollection object.
*/
public UnsupportedEmptyCollection() {
this.perms = new Permissions();
perms.setReadOnly();
}
/**
* Adds a permission object to the current collection of permission
* objects.
*
* @param permission the Permission object to add.
*
* @exception SecurityException - if this PermissionCollection object
* has been marked readonly
*/
@Override public void add(Permission permission) {
perms.add(permission);
}
/**
* Checks to see if the specified permission is implied by the
* collection of Permission objects held in this PermissionCollection.
*
* @param permission the Permission object to compare.
*
* @return true if "permission" is implied by the permissions in
* the collection, false if not.
*/
@Override public boolean implies(Permission permission) {
return perms.implies(permission);
}
/**
* Returns an enumeration of all the Permission objects in the
* collection.
*
* @return an enumeration of all the Permissions.
*/
@Override public Enumeration<Permission> elements() {
return perms.elements();
}
}
}