/*-
* See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
*
* Copyright (c) 2001, 2015 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* $Id$
*/
package db.repquote;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.Thread;
import java.lang.InterruptedException;
import com.sleepycat.db.*;
import db.repquote.RepConfig;
/**
* RepQuoteExample is a simple but complete demonstration of a replicated
* application. The application is a mock stock ticker. The master accepts a
* stock symbol and an numerical value as input, and stores this information
* into a replicated database; either master or clients can display the
* contents of the database.
* <p>
* The options to start a given replication node are:
* <pre>
* -h home (required; h stands for home directory)
* -l host:port (required unless -L is specified; l stands for local)
* -L host:port (optional, L means group creator)
* -C or M (optional; start up as client or master)
* -r host:port (optional; r stands for remote; any number of these may
* be specified)
* -R host:port (optional; R stands for remote peer; only one of these may
* be specified)
* -a all|quorum (optional; a stands for ack policy)
* -b (optional; b stands for bulk)
* -p priority (optional; defaults to 100)
* -v (optional; v stands for verbose)
* </pre>
* <p>
* A typical session begins with a command such as the following to start a
* master:
*
* <pre>
* java db.repquote.RepQuoteExample -M -h dir1 -l localhost:6000
* </pre>
*
* and several clients:
*
* <pre>
* java db.repquote.RepQuoteExample -C -h dir2
* -l localhost:6001 -r localhost:6000
* java db.repquote.RepQuoteExample -C -h dir3
* -l localhost:6002 -r localhost:6000
* java db.repquote.RepQuoteExample -C -h dir4
* -l localhost:6003 -r localhost:6000
* </pre>
*
* <p>
* Each process is a member of a DB replication group. The sample application
* expects the following commands to stdin:
* <ul>
* <li>NEWLINE -- print all the stocks held in the database</li>
* <li>quit -- shutdown this node</li>
* <li>exit -- shutdown this node</li>
* <li>stock_symbol number -- enter this stock and number into the
* database</li>
* </ul>
*/
public class RepQuoteExample
{
private RepConfig appConfig;
private RepQuoteEnvironment dbenv;
private CheckpointThread ckpThr;
private LogArchiveThread lgaThr;
public static void usage()
{
System.err.println("usage: " + RepConfig.progname +
" -h home -l|-L host:port [-CM]\n" +
" [-r host:port][-R host:port]\n" +
" [-a all|quorum][-b][-p priority][-v]");
System.err.println(
"\t -h home (required; h stands for home directory)\n" +
"\t -l host:port (required unless -L is specified;" +
" l stands for local)\n" +
"\t -L host:port (optional, L means group creator)\n" +
"\t -C or -M (optional; start up as client or master)\n" +
"\t -r host:port (optional; r stands for remote; any number " +
"of these\n" +
"\t may be specified)\n" +
"\t -R host:port (optional; R stands for remote peer; only " +
"one of\n" +
"\t these may be specified)\n" +
"\t -a all|quorum (optional; a stands for ack policy)\n" +
"\t -b (optional; b stands for bulk)\n" +
"\t -p priority (optional; defaults to 100)\n" +
"\t -v (optional; v stands for verbose)\n");
System.exit(1);
}
public static void main(String[] argv)
throws Exception
{
RepConfig config = new RepConfig();
boolean isCreator, isPeer;
String tmpHost;
int tmpPort = 0;
/* Extract the command line parameters. */
for (int i = 0; i < argv.length; i++)
{
isCreator = isPeer = false;
if (argv[i].compareTo("-a") == 0) {
if (i == argv.length - 1)
usage();
i++;
if (argv[i].equals("all"))
config.ackPolicy = ReplicationManagerAckPolicy.ALL;
else if (!argv[i].equals("quorum"))
usage();
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-b") == 0)
config.bulk = true;
else if (argv[i].compareTo("-C") == 0) {
config.startPolicy = ReplicationManagerStartPolicy.REP_CLIENT;
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-h") == 0) {
if (i == argv.length - 1)
usage();
/* home - a string arg. */
i++;
config.home = argv[i];
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-l") == 0 ||
argv[i].compareTo("-L") == 0) {
if (i == argv.length - 1)
usage();
if (argv[i].compareTo("-L") == 0)
isCreator = true;
/* "local" should be host:port. */
i++;
String[] words = argv[i].split(":");
if (words.length != 2) {
System.err.println(
"Invalid host specification host:port needed.");
usage();
}
try {
tmpPort = Integer.parseInt(words[1]);
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
System.err.println("Invalid host specification, " +
"could not parse port number.");
usage();
}
config.setThisHost(words[0], tmpPort, isCreator);
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-M") == 0) {
config.startPolicy = ReplicationManagerStartPolicy.REP_MASTER;
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-p") == 0) {
if (i == argv.length - 1)
usage();
i++;
config.priority = Integer.parseInt(argv[i]);
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-R") == 0 ||
argv[i].compareTo("-r") == 0) {
if (i == argv.length - 1)
usage();
if (argv[i].equals("-R"))
isPeer = true;
i++;
String[] words = argv[i].split(":");
if (words.length != 2) {
System.err.println(
"Invalid host specification host:port needed.");
usage();
}
try {
tmpPort = Integer.parseInt(words[1]);
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
System.err.println("Invalid host specification, " +
"could not parse port number.");
usage();
}
config.addOtherHost(words[0], tmpPort, isPeer);
} else if (argv[i].compareTo("-v") == 0) {
config.verbose = true;
} else {
System.err.println("Unrecognized option: " + argv[i]);
usage();
}
}
/* Error check command line. */
if ((!config.gotListenAddress()) || config.home.length() == 0)
usage();
RepQuoteExample runner = null;
try {
runner = new RepQuoteExample();
runner.init(config);
/* Sleep to give ourselves time to find a master. */
//try {
// Thread.sleep(5000);
//} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
runner.doloop();
runner.terminate();
} catch (DatabaseException dbe) {
System.err.println("Caught an exception during " +
"initialization or processing: " + dbe);
if (runner != null)
runner.terminate();
}
} /* End main. */
public RepQuoteExample()
throws DatabaseException
{
appConfig = null;
dbenv = null;
}
public int init(RepConfig config)
throws DatabaseException
{
int ret = 0;
appConfig = config;
EnvironmentConfig envConfig = new EnvironmentConfig();
envConfig.setErrorStream(System.err);
envConfig.setErrorPrefix(RepConfig.progname);
envConfig.addReplicationManagerSite(appConfig.getThisHost());
for (RepRemoteHost host = appConfig.getFirstOtherHost();
host != null; host = appConfig.getNextOtherHost()){
ReplicationManagerSiteConfig repmgrRemoteSiteConfig =
new ReplicationManagerSiteConfig(host.getAddress().host,
host.getAddress().port);
repmgrRemoteSiteConfig.setPeer(host.isPeer());
repmgrRemoteSiteConfig.setBootstrapHelper(true);
envConfig.addReplicationManagerSite(
repmgrRemoteSiteConfig);
}
/*
* Set replication group election priority for this environment.
* An election first selects the site with the most recent log
* records as the new master. If multiple sites have the most
* recent log records, the site with the highest priority value
* is selected as master.
*/
envConfig.setReplicationPriority(appConfig.priority);
envConfig.setCacheSize(RepConfig.CACHESIZE);
envConfig.setTxnNoSync(true);
envConfig.setEventHandler(new RepQuoteEventHandler());
/*
* Set the policy that determines how master and client sites
* handle acknowledgement of replication messages needed for
* permanent records. The default policy of "quorum" requires only
* a quorum of electable peers sufficient to ensure a permanent
* record remains durable if an election is held. The "all" option
* requires all clients to acknowledge a permanent replication
* message instead.
*/
envConfig.setReplicationManagerAckPolicy(appConfig.ackPolicy);
/*
* Set the threshold for the minimum and maximum time the client
* waits before requesting retransmission of a missing message.
* Base these values on the performance and load characteristics
* of the master and client host platforms as well as the round
* trip message time.
*/
envConfig.setReplicationRequestMin(20000);
envConfig.setReplicationRequestMax(500000);
/*
* Configure deadlock detection to ensure that any deadlocks
* are broken by having one of the conflicting lock requests
* rejected. DB_LOCK_DEFAULT uses the lock policy specified
* at environment creation time or DB_LOCK_RANDOM if none was
* specified.
*/
envConfig.setLockDetectMode(LockDetectMode.DEFAULT);
envConfig.setAllowCreate(true);
envConfig.setRunRecovery(true);
envConfig.setThreaded(true);
envConfig.setInitializeReplication(true);
envConfig.setInitializeLocking(true);
envConfig.setInitializeLogging(true);
envConfig.setInitializeCache(true);
envConfig.setTransactional(true);
envConfig.setVerboseReplication(appConfig.verbose);
try {
dbenv = new RepQuoteEnvironment(appConfig.getHome(), envConfig);
} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println("FileNotFound exception: " + e);
System.err.println(
"Ensure that the environment directory is pre-created.");
ret = 1;
}
if (appConfig.bulk)
dbenv.setReplicationConfig(ReplicationConfig.BULK, true);
/*
* Configure heartbeat timeouts so that repmgr monitors the
* health of the TCP connection. Master sites broadcast a heartbeat
* at the frequency specified by the DB_REP_HEARTBEAT_SEND timeout.
* Client sites wait for message activity the length of the
* DB_REP_HEARTBEAT_MONITOR timeout before concluding that the
* connection to the master is lost. The DB_REP_HEARTBEAT_MONITOR
* timeout should be longer than the DB_REP_HEARTBEAT_SEND timeout.
*/
dbenv.setReplicationTimeout(ReplicationTimeoutType.HEARTBEAT_SEND,
5000000);
dbenv.setReplicationTimeout(ReplicationTimeoutType.HEARTBEAT_MONITOR,
10000000);
/* The following base replication features may also be useful to your
* application. See Berkeley DB documentation for more details.
* - Master leases: Provide stricter consistency for data reads
* on a master site.
* - Timeouts: Customize the amount of time Berkeley DB waits
* for such things as an election to be concluded or a master
* lease to be granted.
* - Delayed client synchronization: Manage the master site's
* resources by spreading out resource-intensive client
* synchronizations.
* - Blocked client operations: Return immediately with an error
* instead of waiting indefinitely if a client operation is
* blocked by an ongoing client synchronization.
*
* The following repmgr features may also be useful to your
* application. See Berkeley DB documentation for more details.
* - Two-site strict majority rule - In a two-site replication
* group, require both sites to be available to elect a new
* master.
* - Timeouts - Customize the amount of time repmgr waits
* for such things as waiting for acknowledgements or attempting
* to reconnect to other sites.
* - Site list - return a list of sites currently known to repmgr.
*/
/* Start checkpoint and log archive support threads. */
ckpThr = new CheckpointThread(dbenv);
ckpThr.start();
lgaThr = new LogArchiveThread(dbenv, envConfig);
lgaThr.start();
/* Start replication manager. */
dbenv.replicationManagerStart(3, appConfig.startPolicy);
return ret;
}
public int doloop()
throws DatabaseException
{
Database db = null;
for (;;)
{
if (db == null) {
DatabaseConfig dbconf = new DatabaseConfig();
dbconf.setType(DatabaseType.BTREE);
if (dbenv.getIsMaster()) {
/*
* Open database allowing create only if this is a master
* database. A client database uses polling to attempt
* to open the database without allowing create until
* it is successful.
*
* This polling logic for allowing create can be
* simplified under some circumstances. For example, if
* the application can be sure a database is already
* there, it would never need to open it allowing create.
*/
dbconf.setAllowCreate(true);
}
dbconf.setTransactional(true);
try {
db = dbenv.openDatabase
(null, RepConfig.progname, null, dbconf);
} catch (java.io.FileNotFoundException e) {
System.err.println("no stock database available yet.");
if (db != null) {
db.close(true);
db = null;
}
try {
Thread.sleep(RepConfig.SLEEPTIME);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
continue;
}
}
BufferedReader stdin =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
/* Listen for input, and add it to the database. */
System.out.print("QUOTESERVER");
if (!dbenv.getIsMaster())
System.out.print("(read-only)");
System.out.print("> ");
System.out.flush();
String nextline = null;
try {
nextline = stdin.readLine();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
System.err.println("Unable to get data from stdin");
break;
}
String[] words = nextline.split("\\s");
/* A blank line causes the DB to be dumped to stdout. */
if (words.length == 0 ||
(words.length == 1 && words[0].length() == 0)) {
try {
if (dbenv.getInClientSync())
System.err.println(
"Cannot read data during client initialization - please try again.");
else
printStocks(db);
} catch (DeadlockException de) {
continue;
} catch (DatabaseException e) {
/*
* This could be DB_REP_HANDLE_DEAD, which
* should close the database and continue.
*/
System.err.println("Got db exception reading replication" +
"DB: " + e);
System.err.println("Expected if it was due to a dead " +
"replication handle, otherwise an unexpected error.");
db.close(true); /* Close no sync. */
db = null;
continue;
}
continue;
}
if (words.length == 1 &&
(words[0].compareToIgnoreCase("quit") == 0 ||
words[0].compareToIgnoreCase("exit") == 0)) {
dbenv.setAppFinished(true);
break;
} else if (words.length != 2) {
System.err.println("Format: TICKER VALUE");
continue;
}
if (!dbenv.getIsMaster()) {
System.err.println("Can't update client.");
continue;
}
DatabaseEntry key = new DatabaseEntry(words[0].getBytes());
DatabaseEntry data = new DatabaseEntry(words[1].getBytes());
db.put(null, key, data);
}
if (db != null)
db.close(true);
return 0;
}
public void terminate()
throws DatabaseException
{
/* Wait for checkpoint and log archive threads to finish. */
try {
lgaThr.join();
ckpThr.join();
} catch (Exception e1) {
System.err.println("Support thread join failed.");
}
/*
* We have used the DB_TXN_NOSYNC environment flag for improved
* performance without the usual sacrifice of transactional durability,
* as discussed in the "Transactional guarantees" page of the Reference
* Guide: if one replication site crashes, we can expect the data to
* exist at another site. However, in case we shut down all sites
* gracefully, we push out the end of the log here so that the most
* recent transactions don't mysteriously disappear.
*/
dbenv.logFlush(null);
dbenv.close();
}
/*
* void return type since error conditions are propogated
* via exceptions.
*/
private void printStocks(Database db)
throws DeadlockException, DatabaseException
{
Cursor dbc = db.openCursor(null, null);
System.out.println("\tSymbol\tPrice");
System.out.println("\t======\t=====");
DatabaseEntry key = new DatabaseEntry();
DatabaseEntry data = new DatabaseEntry();
OperationStatus ret;
for (ret = dbc.getFirst(key, data, LockMode.DEFAULT);
ret == OperationStatus.SUCCESS;
ret = dbc.getNext(key, data, LockMode.DEFAULT)) {
String keystr = new String
(key.getData(), key.getOffset(), key.getSize());
String datastr = new String
(data.getData(), data.getOffset(), data.getSize());
System.out.println("\t"+keystr+"\t"+datastr);
}
dbc.close();
}
/*
* Implemention of EventHandler interface to handle the Berkeley DB events
* we are interested in receiving.
*/
private /* internal */
class RepQuoteEventHandler extends EventHandlerAdapter {
public void handleRepClientEvent()
{
dbenv.setIsMaster(false);
dbenv.setInClientSync(true);
}
public void handleRepMasterEvent()
{
dbenv.setIsMaster(true);
dbenv.setInClientSync(false);
}
public void handleRepNewMasterEvent()
{
dbenv.setInClientSync(true);
}
public void handleRepPermFailedEvent()
{
/*
* Did not get enough acks to guarantee transaction
* durability based on the configured ack policy. This
* transaction will be flushed to the master site's
* local disk storage for durability.
*/
System.err.println(
"Insufficient acknowledgements to guarantee transaction durability.");
}
public void handleRepStartupDoneEvent()
{
dbenv.setInClientSync(false);
}
}
} /* End RepQuoteEventHandler class. */
/*
* This is a very simple thread that performs checkpoints at a fixed
* time interval. For a master site, the time interval is one minute
* plus the duration of the checkpoint_delay timeout (30 seconds by
* default.) For a client site, the time interval is one minute.
*/
class CheckpointThread extends Thread {
private RepQuoteEnvironment myEnv = null;
public CheckpointThread(RepQuoteEnvironment env) {
myEnv = env;
}
public void run() {
for (;;) {
/*
* Wait for one minute, polling once per second to see if
* application has finished. When application has finished,
* terminate this thread.
*/
for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
if (myEnv.getAppFinished())
return;
}
/* Perform a checkpoint. */
try {
myEnv.checkpoint(null);
} catch (DatabaseException de) {
System.err.println("Could not perform checkpoint.");
}
}
}
}
/*
* This is a simple log archive thread. Once per minute, it removes all but
* the most recent 3 logs that are safe to remove according to a call to
* DBENV->log_archive().
*
* Log cleanup is needed to conserve disk space, but aggressive log cleanup
* can cause more frequent client initializations if a client lags too far
* behind the current master. This can happen in the event of a slow client,
* a network partition, or a new master that has not kept as many logs as the
* previous master.
*
* The approach in this routine balances the need to mitigate against a
* lagging client by keeping a few more of the most recent unneeded logs
* with the need to conserve disk space by regularly cleaning up log files.
* Use of automatic log removal (DBENV->log_set_config() DB_LOG_AUTO_REMOVE
* flag) is not recommended for replication due to the risk of frequent
* client initializations.
*/
class LogArchiveThread extends Thread {
private RepQuoteEnvironment myEnv = null;
private EnvironmentConfig myEnvConfig = null;
public LogArchiveThread(RepQuoteEnvironment env,
EnvironmentConfig envConfig) {
myEnv = env;
myEnvConfig = envConfig;
}
public void run() {
java.io.File[] logFileList;
int logs_to_keep = 3;
int minlog;
for (;;) {
/*
* Wait for one minute, polling once per second to see if
* application has finished. When application has finished,
* terminate this thread.
*/
for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
if (myEnv.getAppFinished())
return;
}
try {
/* Get the list of unneeded log files. */
logFileList = myEnv.getArchiveLogFiles(false);
/*
* Remove all but the logs_to_keep most recent unneeded
* log files.
*/
minlog = logFileList.length - logs_to_keep;
for (int i = 0; i < minlog; i++) {
logFileList[i].delete();
}
} catch (DatabaseException de) {
System.err.println("Problem deleting log archive files.");
}
}
}
}