/* Copyright (c) 2011+, HL7, Inc All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of HL7 nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. */ package org.hl7.fhir.instance.utilities.xml; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import org.hl7.fhir.instance.utilities.Utilities; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.ls.DOMImplementationLS; import org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer; public class XMLUtil { public static final String SPACE_CHAR = "\u00A0"; public static boolean isNMToken(String name) { if (name == null) return false; for (int i = 0; i < name.length(); i++) if (!isNMTokenChar(name.charAt(i))) return false; return name.length() > 0; } public static boolean isNMTokenChar(char c) { return isLetter(c) || isDigit(c) || c == '.' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == ':' || isCombiningChar(c) || isExtender(c); } private static boolean isDigit(char c) { return (c >= '\u0030' && c <= '\u0039') || (c >= '\u0660' && c <= '\u0669') || (c >= '\u06F0' && c <= '\u06F9') || (c >= '\u0966' && c <= '\u096F') || (c >= '\u09E6' && c <= '\u09EF') || (c >= '\u0A66' && c <= '\u0A6F') || (c >= '\u0AE6' && c <= '\u0AEF') || (c >= '\u0B66' && c <= '\u0B6F') || (c >= '\u0BE7' && c <= '\u0BEF') || (c >= '\u0C66' && c <= '\u0C6F') || (c >= '\u0CE6' && c <= '\u0CEF') || (c >= '\u0D66' && c <= '\u0D6F') || (c >= '\u0E50' && c <= '\u0E59') || (c >= '\u0ED0' && c <= '\u0ED9') || (c >= '\u0F20' && c <= '\u0F29'); } private static boolean isCombiningChar(char c) { return (c >= '\u0300' && c <= '\u0345') || (c >= '\u0360' && c <= '\u0361') || (c >= '\u0483' && c <= '\u0486') || (c >= '\u0591' && c <= '\u05A1') || (c >= '\u05A3' && c <= '\u05B9') || (c >= '\u05BB' && c <= '\u05BD') || c == '\u05BF' || (c >= '\u05C1' && c <= '\u05C2') || c == '\u05C4' || (c >= '\u064B' && c <= '\u0652') || c == '\u0670' || (c >= '\u06D6' && c <= '\u06DC') || (c >= '\u06DD' && c <= '\u06DF') || (c >= '\u06E0' && c <= '\u06E4') || (c >= '\u06E7' && c <= '\u06E8') || (c >= '\u06EA' && c <= '\u06ED') || (c >= '\u0901' && c <= '\u0903') || c == '\u093C' || (c >= '\u093E' && c <= '\u094C') || c == '\u094D' || (c >= '\u0951' && c <= '\u0954') || (c >= '\u0962' && c <= '\u0963') || (c >= '\u0981' && c <= '\u0983') || c == '\u09BC' || c == '\u09BE' || c == '\u09BF' || (c >= '\u09C0' && c <= '\u09C4') || (c >= '\u09C7' && c <= '\u09C8') || (c >= '\u09CB' && c <= '\u09CD') || c == '\u09D7' || (c >= '\u09E2' && c <= '\u09E3') || c == '\u0A02' || c == '\u0A3C' || c == '\u0A3E' || c == '\u0A3F' || (c >= '\u0A40' && c <= '\u0A42') || (c >= '\u0A47' && c <= '\u0A48') || (c >= '\u0A4B' && c <= '\u0A4D') || (c >= '\u0A70' && c <= '\u0A71') || (c >= '\u0A81' && c <= '\u0A83') || c == '\u0ABC' || (c >= '\u0ABE' && c <= '\u0AC5') || (c >= '\u0AC7' && c <= '\u0AC9') || (c >= '\u0ACB' && c <= '\u0ACD') || (c >= '\u0B01' && c <= '\u0B03') || c == '\u0B3C' || (c >= '\u0B3E' && c <= '\u0B43') || (c >= '\u0B47' && c <= '\u0B48') || (c >= '\u0B4B' && c <= '\u0B4D') || (c >= '\u0B56' && c <= '\u0B57') || (c >= '\u0B82' && c <= '\u0B83') || (c >= '\u0BBE' && c <= '\u0BC2') || (c >= '\u0BC6' && c <= '\u0BC8') || (c >= '\u0BCA' && c <= '\u0BCD') || c == '\u0BD7' || (c >= '\u0C01' && c <= '\u0C03') || (c >= '\u0C3E' && c <= '\u0C44') || (c >= '\u0C46' && c <= '\u0C48') || (c >= '\u0C4A' && c <= '\u0C4D') || (c >= '\u0C55' && c <= '\u0C56') || (c >= '\u0C82' && c <= '\u0C83') || (c >= '\u0CBE' && c <= '\u0CC4') || (c >= '\u0CC6' && c <= '\u0CC8') || (c >= '\u0CCA' && c <= '\u0CCD') || (c >= '\u0CD5' && c <= '\u0CD6') || (c >= '\u0D02' && c <= '\u0D03') || (c >= '\u0D3E' && c <= '\u0D43') || (c >= '\u0D46' && c <= '\u0D48') || (c >= '\u0D4A' && c <= '\u0D4D') || c == '\u0D57' || c == '\u0E31' || (c >= '\u0E34' && c <= '\u0E3A') || (c >= '\u0E47' && c <= '\u0E4E') || c == '\u0EB1' || (c >= '\u0EB4' && c <= '\u0EB9') || (c >= '\u0EBB' && c <= '\u0EBC') || (c >= '\u0EC8' && c <= '\u0ECD') || (c >= '\u0F18' && c <= '\u0F19') || c == '\u0F35' || c == '\u0F37' || c == '\u0F39' || c == '\u0F3E' || c == '\u0F3F' || (c >= '\u0F71' && c <= '\u0F84') || (c >= '\u0F86' && c <= '\u0F8B') || (c >= '\u0F90' && c <= '\u0F95') || c == '\u0F97' || (c >= '\u0F99' && c <= '\u0FAD') || (c >= '\u0FB1' && c <= '\u0FB7') || c == '\u0FB9' || (c >= '\u20D0' && c <= '\u20DC') || c == '\u20E1' || (c >= '\u302A' && c <= '\u302F') || c == '\u3099' || c == '\u309A'; } private static boolean isExtender(char c) { return c == '\u00B7' || c == '\u02D0' || c == '\u02D1' || c == '\u0387' || c == '\u0640' || c == '\u0E46' || c == '\u0EC6' || c == '\u3005' || (c >= '\u3031' && c <= '\u3035') || (c >= '\u309D' && c <= '\u309E') || (c >= '\u30FC' && c <= '\u30FE'); } private static boolean isLetter(char c) { return isBaseChar(c) || isIdeographic(c); } private static boolean isBaseChar(char c) { return (c >= '\u0041' && c <= '\u005A') || (c >= '\u0061' && c <= '\u007A') || (c >= '\u00C0' && c <= '\u00D6') || (c >= '\u00D8' && c <= '\u00F6') || (c >= '\u00F8' && c <= '\u00FF') || (c >= '\u0100' && c <= '\u0131') || (c >= '\u0134' && c <= '\u013E') || (c >= '\u0141' && c <= '\u0148') || (c >= '\u014A' && c <= '\u017E') || (c >= '\u0180' && c <= '\u01C3') || (c >= '\u01CD' && c <= '\u01F0') || (c >= '\u01F4' && c <= '\u01F5') || (c >= '\u01FA' && c <= '\u0217') || (c >= '\u0250' && c <= '\u02A8') || (c >= '\u02BB' && c <= '\u02C1') || c == '\u0386' || (c >= '\u0388' && c <= '\u038A') || c == '\u038C' || (c >= '\u038E' && c <= '\u03A1') || (c >= '\u03A3' && c <= '\u03CE') || (c >= '\u03D0' && c <= '\u03D6') || c == '\u03DA' || c == '\u03DC' || c == '\u03DE' || c == '\u03E0' || (c >= '\u03E2' && c <= '\u03F3') || (c >= '\u0401' && c <= '\u040C') || (c >= '\u040E' && c <= '\u044F') || (c >= '\u0451' && c <= '\u045C') || (c >= '\u045E' && c <= '\u0481') || (c >= '\u0490' && c <= '\u04C4') || (c >= '\u04C7' && c <= '\u04C8') || (c >= '\u04CB' && c <= '\u04CC') || (c >= '\u04D0' && c <= '\u04EB') || (c >= '\u04EE' && c <= '\u04F5') || (c >= '\u04F8' && c <= '\u04F9') || (c >= '\u0531' && c <= '\u0556') || c == '\u0559' || (c >= '\u0561' && c <= '\u0586') || (c >= '\u05D0' && c <= '\u05EA') || (c >= '\u05F0' && c <= '\u05F2') || (c >= '\u0621' && c <= '\u063A') || (c >= '\u0641' && c <= '\u064A') || (c >= '\u0671' && c <= '\u06B7') || (c >= '\u06BA' && c <= '\u06BE') || (c >= '\u06C0' && c <= '\u06CE') || (c >= '\u06D0' && c <= '\u06D3') || c == '\u06D5' || (c >= '\u06E5' && c <= '\u06E6') || (c >= '\u0905' && c <= '\u0939') || c == '\u093D' || (c >= '\u0958' && c <= '\u0961') || (c >= '\u0985' && c <= '\u098C') || (c >= '\u098F' && c <= '\u0990') || (c >= '\u0993' && c <= '\u09A8') || (c >= '\u09AA' && c <= '\u09B0') || c == '\u09B2' || (c >= '\u09B6' && c <= '\u09B9') || (c >= '\u09DC' && c <= '\u09DD') || (c >= '\u09DF' && c <= '\u09E1') || (c >= '\u09F0' && c <= '\u09F1') || (c >= '\u0A05' && c <= '\u0A0A') || (c >= '\u0A0F' && c <= '\u0A10') || (c >= '\u0A13' && c <= '\u0A28') || (c >= '\u0A2A' && c <= '\u0A30') || (c >= '\u0A32' && c <= '\u0A33') || (c >= '\u0A35' && c <= '\u0A36') || (c >= '\u0A38' && c <= '\u0A39') || (c >= '\u0A59' && c <= '\u0A5C') || c == '\u0A5E' || (c >= '\u0A72' && c <= '\u0A74') || (c >= '\u0A85' && c <= '\u0A8B') || c == '\u0A8D' || (c >= '\u0A8F' && c <= '\u0A91') || (c >= '\u0A93' && c <= '\u0AA8') || (c >= '\u0AAA' && c <= '\u0AB0') || (c >= '\u0AB2' && c <= '\u0AB3') || (c >= '\u0AB5' && c <= '\u0AB9') || c == '\u0ABD' || c == '\u0AE0' || (c >= '\u0B05' && c <= '\u0B0C') || (c >= '\u0B0F' && c <= '\u0B10') || (c >= '\u0B13' && c <= '\u0B28') || (c >= '\u0B2A' && c <= '\u0B30') || (c >= '\u0B32' && c <= '\u0B33') || (c >= '\u0B36' && c <= '\u0B39') || c == '\u0B3D' || (c >= '\u0B5C' && c <= '\u0B5D') || (c >= '\u0B5F' && c <= '\u0B61') || (c >= '\u0B85' && c <= '\u0B8A') || (c >= '\u0B8E' && c <= '\u0B90') || (c >= '\u0B92' && c <= '\u0B95') || (c >= '\u0B99' && c <= '\u0B9A') || c == '\u0B9C' || (c >= '\u0B9E' && c <= '\u0B9F') || (c >= '\u0BA3' && c <= '\u0BA4') || (c >= '\u0BA8' && c <= '\u0BAA') || (c >= '\u0BAE' && c <= '\u0BB5') || (c >= '\u0BB7' && c <= '\u0BB9') || (c >= '\u0C05' && c <= '\u0C0C') || (c >= '\u0C0E' && c <= '\u0C10') || (c >= '\u0C12' && c <= '\u0C28') || (c >= '\u0C2A' && c <= '\u0C33') || (c >= '\u0C35' && c <= '\u0C39') || (c >= '\u0C60' && c <= '\u0C61') || (c >= '\u0C85' && c <= '\u0C8C') || (c >= '\u0C8E' && c <= '\u0C90') || (c >= '\u0C92' && c <= '\u0CA8') || (c >= '\u0CAA' && c <= '\u0CB3') || (c >= '\u0CB5' && c <= '\u0CB9') || c == '\u0CDE' || (c >= '\u0CE0' && c <= '\u0CE1') || (c >= '\u0D05' && c <= '\u0D0C') || (c >= '\u0D0E' && c <= '\u0D10') || (c >= '\u0D12' && c <= '\u0D28') || (c >= '\u0D2A' && c <= '\u0D39') || (c >= '\u0D60' && c <= '\u0D61') || (c >= '\u0E01' && c <= '\u0E2E') || c == '\u0E30' || (c >= '\u0E32' && c <= '\u0E33') || (c >= '\u0E40' && c <= '\u0E45') || (c >= '\u0E81' && c <= '\u0E82') || c == '\u0E84' || (c >= '\u0E87' && c <= '\u0E88') || c == '\u0E8A' || c == '\u0E8D' || (c >= '\u0E94' && c <= '\u0E97') || (c >= '\u0E99' && c <= '\u0E9F') || (c >= '\u0EA1' && c <= '\u0EA3') || c == '\u0EA5' || c == '\u0EA7' || (c >= '\u0EAA' && c <= '\u0EAB') || (c >= '\u0EAD' && c <= '\u0EAE') || c == '\u0EB0' || (c >= '\u0EB2' && c <= '\u0EB3') || c == '\u0EBD' || (c >= '\u0EC0' && c <= '\u0EC4') || (c >= '\u0F40' && c <= '\u0F47') || (c >= '\u0F49' && c <= '\u0F69') || (c >= '\u10A0' && c <= '\u10C5') || (c >= '\u10D0' && c <= '\u10F6') || c == '\u1100' || (c >= '\u1102' && c <= '\u1103') || (c >= '\u1105' && c <= '\u1107') || c == '\u1109' || (c >= '\u110B' && c <= '\u110C') || (c >= '\u110E' && c <= '\u1112') || c == '\u113C' || c == '\u113E' || c == '\u1140' || c == '\u114C' || c == '\u114E' || c == '\u1150' || (c >= '\u1154' && c <= '\u1155') || c == '\u1159' || (c >= '\u115F' && c <= '\u1161') || c == '\u1163' || c == '\u1165' || c == '\u1167' || c == '\u1169' || (c >= '\u116D' && c <= '\u116E') || (c >= '\u1172' && c <= '\u1173') || c == '\u1175' || c == '\u119E' || c == '\u11A8' || c == '\u11AB' || (c >= '\u11AE' && c <= '\u11AF') || (c >= '\u11B7' && c <= '\u11B8') || c == '\u11BA' || (c >= '\u11BC' && c <= '\u11C2') || c == '\u11EB' || c == '\u11F0' || c == '\u11F9' || (c >= '\u1E00' && c <= '\u1E9B') || (c >= '\u1EA0' && c <= '\u1EF9') || (c >= '\u1F00' && c <= '\u1F15') || (c >= '\u1F18' && c <= '\u1F1D') || (c >= '\u1F20' && c <= '\u1F45') || (c >= '\u1F48' && c <= '\u1F4D') || (c >= '\u1F50' && c <= '\u1F57') || c == '\u1F59' || c == '\u1F5B' || c == '\u1F5D' || (c >= '\u1F5F' && c <= '\u1F7D') || (c >= '\u1F80' && c <= '\u1FB4') || (c >= '\u1FB6' && c <= '\u1FBC') || c == '\u1FBE' || (c >= '\u1FC2' && c <= '\u1FC4') || (c >= '\u1FC6' && c <= '\u1FCC') || (c >= '\u1FD0' && c <= '\u1FD3') || (c >= '\u1FD6' && c <= '\u1FDB') || (c >= '\u1FE0' && c <= '\u1FEC') || (c >= '\u1FF2' && c <= '\u1FF4') || (c >= '\u1FF6' && c <= '\u1FFC') || c == '\u2126' || (c >= '\u212A' && c <= '\u212B') || c == '\u212E' || (c >= '\u2180' && c <= '\u2182') || (c >= '\u3041' && c <= '\u3094') || (c >= '\u30A1' && c <= '\u30FA') || (c >= '\u3105' && c <= '\u312C') || (c >= '\uAC00' && c <= '\uD7A3'); } private static boolean isIdeographic(char c) { return (c >= '\u4E00' && c <= '\u9FA5') || c == '\u3007' || (c >= '\u3021' && c <= '\u3029'); } public static String determineEncoding(InputStream stream) throws IOException { stream.mark(20000); try { int b0 = stream.read(); int b1 = stream.read(); int b2 = stream.read(); int b3 = stream.read(); if (b0 == 0xFE && b1 == 0xFF) return "UTF-16BE"; else if (b0 == 0xFF && b1 == 0xFE) return "UTF-16LE"; else if (b0 == 0xEF && b1 == 0xBB && b2 == 0xBF ) return "UTF-8"; else if (b0 == 0x00 && b1 == 0x3C && b2 == 0x00 && b3 == 0x3F) return "UTF-16BE"; else if (b0 == 0x3C && b1 == 0x00 && b2 == 0x3F && b3 == 0x00) return "UTF-16LE"; else if (b0 == 0x3C && b1 == 0x3F && b2 == 0x78 && b3 == 0x6D) { // UTF-8, ISO 646, ASCII, some part of ISO 8859, Shift-JIS, EUC, or any other 7-bit, 8-bit, or mixed-width encoding // which ensures that the characters of ASCII have their normal positions, width, and values; the actual encoding // declaration must be read to detect which of these applies, but since all of these encodings use the same bit patterns // for the relevant ASCII characters, the encoding declaration itself may be read reliably InputStreamReader rdr = new InputStreamReader(stream, "US-ASCII"); String hdr = readFirstLine(rdr); return extractEncoding(hdr); } else return null; } finally { stream.reset(); } } private static String extractEncoding(String hdr) { int i = hdr.indexOf("encoding="); if (i == -1) return null; hdr = hdr.substring(i+9); char sep = hdr.charAt(0); hdr = hdr.substring(1); i = hdr.indexOf(sep); if (i == -1) return null; return hdr.substring(0, i); } private static String readFirstLine(InputStreamReader rdr) throws IOException { char[] buf = new char[1]; StringBuffer bldr = new StringBuffer(); rdr.read(buf); while (buf[0] != '>') { bldr.append(buf[0]); rdr.read(buf); } return bldr.toString(); } public static boolean charSetImpliesAscii(String charset) { return charset.equals("ISO-8859-1") || charset.equals("US-ASCII"); } /** * Converts the raw characters to XML escape characters. * * @param rawContent * @param charset Null when charset is not known, so we assume it's unicode * @param isNoLines * @return escape string */ public static String escapeXML(String rawContent, String charset, boolean isNoLines) { if (rawContent == null) return ""; else { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < rawContent.length(); i++) { char ch = rawContent.charAt(i); if (ch == '\'') sb.append("'"); else if (ch == '&') sb.append("&"); else if (ch == '"') sb.append("""); else if (ch == '<') sb.append("<"); else if (ch == '>') sb.append(">"); else if (ch > '~' && charset != null && charSetImpliesAscii(charset)) // TODO - why is hashcode the only way to get the unicode number for the character // in jre 5.0? sb.append("&#x"+Integer.toHexString(new Character(ch).hashCode()).toUpperCase()+";"); else if (isNoLines) { if (ch == '\r') sb.append(" "); else if (ch != '\n') sb.append(ch); } else sb.append(ch); } return sb.toString(); } } public static Element getFirstChild(Element e) { if (e == null) return null; Node n = e.getFirstChild(); while (n != null && n.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) n = n.getNextSibling(); return (Element) n; } public static Element getNamedChild(Element e, String name) { Element c = getFirstChild(e); while (c != null && !name.equals(c.getLocalName()) && !name.equals(c.getNodeName())) c = getNextSibling(c); return c; } public static Element getNextSibling(Element e) { Node n = e.getNextSibling(); while (n != null && n.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) n = n.getNextSibling(); return (Element) n; } public static void getNamedChildren(Element e, String name, List<Element> set) { Element c = getFirstChild(e); while (c != null) { if (name.equals(c.getLocalName()) || name.equals(c.getNodeName()) ) set.add(c); c = getNextSibling(c); } } public static String htmlToXmlEscapedPlainText(Element r) { StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder(); Node n = r.getFirstChild(); boolean ws = false; while (n != null) { if (n.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) { String t = n.getTextContent().trim(); if (Utilities.noString(t)) ws = true; else { if (ws) s.append(" "); ws = false; s.append(t); } } if (n.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { if (ws) s.append(" "); ws = false; s.append(htmlToXmlEscapedPlainText((Element) n)); if (r.getNodeName().equals("br") || r.getNodeName().equals("p")) s.append("\r\n"); } n = n.getNextSibling(); } return s.toString(); } public static String htmlToXmlEscapedPlainText(String definition) throws Exception { return htmlToXmlEscapedPlainText(parseToDom("<div>"+definition+"</div>").getDocumentElement()); } public static String elementToString(Element el) { if (el == null) return ""; Document document = el.getOwnerDocument(); DOMImplementationLS domImplLS = (DOMImplementationLS) document .getImplementation(); LSSerializer serializer = domImplLS.createLSSerializer(); return serializer.writeToString(el); } public static String getNamedChildValue(Element element, String name) { Element e = getNamedChild(element, name); return e == null ? null : e.getAttribute("value"); } public static void getNamedChildrenWithWildcard(Element focus, String name, List<Element> children) { Element c = getFirstChild(focus); while (c != null) { String n = c.getLocalName() != null ? c.getLocalName() : c.getNodeName(); if (name.equals(n) || (name.endsWith("[x]") && n.startsWith(name.substring(0, name.length()-3)))) children.add(c); c = getNextSibling(c); } } public static boolean hasNamedChild(Element e, String name) { Element c = getFirstChild(e); while (c != null && !name.equals(c.getLocalName()) && !name.equals(c.getNodeName())) c = getNextSibling(c); return c != null; } public static Document parseToDom(String content) throws Exception { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); factory.setNamespaceAware(false); DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); return builder.parse(new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes())); } public static Element getLastChild(Element e) { if (e == null) return null; Node n = e.getLastChild(); while (n != null && n.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) n = n.getPreviousSibling(); return (Element) n; } public static Element getPrevSibling(Element e) { Node n = e.getPreviousSibling(); while (n != null && n.getNodeType() != Node.ELEMENT_NODE) n = n.getPreviousSibling(); return (Element) n; } }