/* * @(#)Constructor.java 1.34 06/10/10 * * Copyright 1990-2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version * 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * General Public License version 2 for more details (a copy is * included at /legal/license.txt). * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * version 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA * 02110-1301 USA * * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa * Clara, CA 95054 or visit www.sun.com if you need additional * information or have any questions. * */ package java.lang.reflect; import sun.misc.CVM; /** * <code>Constructor</code> provides information about, and access to, a single * constructor for a class. * * <p><code>Constructor</code> permits widening conversions to occur when matching the * actual parameters to newInstance() with the underlying * constructor's formal parameters, but throws an * <code>IllegalArgumentException</code> if a narrowing conversion would occur. * * @see Member * @see java.lang.Class * @see java.lang.Class#getConstructors() * @see java.lang.Class#getConstructor(Class[]) * @see java.lang.Class#getDeclaredConstructors() * * @author Nakul Saraiya */ public final class Constructor extends AccessibleObject implements Member { private Class clazz; private int slot; private Class[] parameterTypes; private Class[] exceptionTypes; private int modifiers; /** * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine may construct * a Constructor. */ private Constructor() {} /** * Returns the <code>Class</code> object representing the class that declares * the constructor represented by this <code>Constructor</code> object. */ public Class getDeclaringClass() { return clazz; } /** * Returns the name of this constructor, as a string. This is * always the same as the simple name of the constructor's declaring * class. */ public String getName() { return getDeclaringClass().getName(); } /** * Returns the Java language modifiers for the constructor * represented by this <code>Constructor</code> object, as an integer. The * <code>Modifier</code> class should be used to decode the modifiers. * * @see Modifier */ public int getModifiers() { return modifiers; } /** * Returns an array of <code>Class</code> objects that represent the formal * parameter types, in declaration order, of the constructor * represented by this <code>Constructor</code> object. Returns an array of * length 0 if the underlying constructor takes no parameters. * * @return the parameter types for the constructor this object * represents */ public Class[] getParameterTypes() { return Method.copy(parameterTypes); } /** * Returns an array of <code>Class</code> objects that represent the types of * of exceptions declared to be thrown by the underlying constructor * represented by this <code>Constructor</code> object. Returns an array of * length 0 if the constructor declares no exceptions in its <code>throws</code> clause. * * @return the exception types declared as being thrown by the * constructor this object represents */ public Class[] getExceptionTypes() { return Method.copy(exceptionTypes); } /** * Compares this <code>Constructor</code> against the specified object. * Returns true if the objects are the same. Two <code>Constructor</code> objects are * the same if they were declared by the same class and have the * same formal parameter types. */ public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (obj != null && obj instanceof Constructor) { Constructor other = (Constructor)obj; if (getDeclaringClass() == other.getDeclaringClass()) { /* Avoid unnecessary cloning */ Class[] params1 = parameterTypes; Class[] params2 = other.parameterTypes; if (params1.length == params2.length) { for (int i = 0; i < params1.length; i++) { if (params1[i] != params2[i]) return false; } return true; } } } return false; } /** * Returns a hashcode for this <code>Constructor</code>. The hashcode is * the same as the hashcode for the underlying constructor's * declaring class name. */ public int hashCode() { return getDeclaringClass().getName().hashCode(); } /** * Returns a string describing this <code>Constructor</code>. The string is * formatted as the constructor access modifiers, if any, * followed by the fully-qualified name of the declaring class, * followed by a parenthesized, comma-separated list of the * constructor's formal parameter types. For example: * <pre> * public java.util.Hashtable(int,float) * </pre> * * <p>The only possible modifiers for constructors are the access * modifiers <tt>public</tt>, <tt>protected</tt> or * <tt>private</tt>. Only one of these may appear, or none if the * constructor has default (package) access. */ public String toString() { try { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); int mod = getModifiers(); if (mod != 0) { sb.append(Modifier.toString(mod) + " "); } sb.append(Field.getTypeName(getDeclaringClass())); sb.append("("); Class[] params = parameterTypes; // avoid clone for (int j = 0; j < params.length; j++) { sb.append(Field.getTypeName(params[j])); if (j < (params.length - 1)) sb.append(","); } sb.append(")"); Class[] exceptions = exceptionTypes; // avoid clone if (exceptions.length > 0) { sb.append(" throws "); for (int k = 0; k < exceptions.length; k++) { sb.append(exceptions[k].getName()); if (k < (exceptions.length - 1)) sb.append(","); } } return sb.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { return "<" + e + ">"; } } /** An internal class to be able to distinguish between an IllegalArgumentException because of incorrectly-typed objects in the argument array to Constructor.newInstance() and one thrown by the invoked method. NOTE: do not change the name of this class as it is referenced by name in reflect.c, utils.c and elsewhere. */ private static class ArgumentException extends Exception { } /** An internal class to be able to distinguish between an IllegalAccessException because of an invalid attempt to invoke a protected or private method in Constructor.newInstance() and one thrown by the invoked method. NOTE: do not change the name of this class as it is referenced by name in reflect.c, utils.c and elsewhere. */ private static class AccessException extends Exception { } /** * Uses the constructor represented by this <code>Constructor</code> object to * create and initialize a new instance of the constructor's * declaring class, with the specified initialization parameters. * Individual parameters are automatically unwrapped to match * primitive formal parameters, and both primitive and reference * parameters are subject to method invocation conversions as necessary. * * <p>If the number of formal parameters required by the underlying constructor * is 0, the supplied <code>initargs</code> array may be of length 0 or null. * * <p>If the required access and argument checks succeed and the * instantiation will proceed, the constructor's declaring class * is initialized if it has not already been initialized. * * <p>If the constructor completes normally, returns the newly * created and initialized instance. * * @param initargs array of objects to be passed as arguments to * the constructor call; values of primitive types are wrapped in * a wrapper object of the appropriate type (e.g. a <tt>float</tt> * in a {@link java.lang.Float Float}) * * @return a new object created by calling the constructor * this object represents * * @exception IllegalAccessException if this <code>Constructor</code> object * enforces Java language access control and the underlying * constructor is inaccessible. * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the number of actual * and formal parameters differ; if an unwrapping * conversion for primitive arguments fails; or if, * after possible unwrapping, a parameter value * cannot be converted to the corresponding formal * parameter type by a method invocation conversion. * @exception InstantiationException if the class that declares the * underlying constructor represents an abstract class. * @exception InvocationTargetException if the underlying constructor * throws an exception. * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked * by this method fails. */ public Object newInstance(Object[] initargs) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException { /* Null pointer is acceptable for args if no arguments to method */ if (parameterTypes.length == 0) { if ((initargs != null) && (initargs.length != 0)) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "wrong number of arguments" ); } else { if ((initargs == null) || (initargs.length != parameterTypes.length)) throw new IllegalArgumentException( "wrong number of arguments" ); } /* %comment: rt038 */ CVM.setContextArtificial(); Object res = allocateUninitializedObject(clazz); // If result is null this means the allocation threw an // exception, so we will never call invokeConstructor with a // null object pointer. try { invokeConstructor(res, initargs); } catch (ArgumentException e) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "wrong object type, or unwrapping conversion failed" ); } catch (AccessException e) { throw new IllegalAccessException(); } catch (Throwable e) { throw new InvocationTargetException(e); } return res; } private static native Object allocateUninitializedObject(Class clazz) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException; private native void invokeConstructor(Object obj, Object[] args) throws ArgumentException, AccessException, Exception; }