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* this work for additional information regarding copyright
* ownership. Elasticsearch licenses this file to you under
* the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
* not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.elasticsearch.common.geo;
import org.apache.lucene.geo.Rectangle;
import org.apache.lucene.spatial.prefix.tree.GeohashPrefixTree;
import org.apache.lucene.spatial.prefix.tree.QuadPrefixTree;
import org.apache.lucene.util.SloppyMath;
import org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchParseException;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.DistanceUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentParser;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentParser.Token;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.FieldData;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.GeoPointValues;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.MultiGeoPointValues;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.NumericDoubleValues;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.SortedNumericDoubleValues;
import org.elasticsearch.index.fielddata.SortingNumericDoubleValues;
import java.io.IOException;
public class GeoUtils {
/** Maximum valid latitude in degrees. */
public static final double MAX_LAT = 90.0;
/** Minimum valid latitude in degrees. */
public static final double MIN_LAT = -90.0;
/** Maximum valid longitude in degrees. */
public static final double MAX_LON = 180.0;
/** Minimum valid longitude in degrees. */
public static final double MIN_LON = -180.0;
public static final String LATITUDE = "lat";
public static final String LONGITUDE = "lon";
public static final String GEOHASH = "geohash";
/** Earth ellipsoid major axis defined by WGS 84 in meters */
public static final double EARTH_SEMI_MAJOR_AXIS = 6378137.0; // meters (WGS 84)
/** Earth ellipsoid minor axis defined by WGS 84 in meters */
public static final double EARTH_SEMI_MINOR_AXIS = 6356752.314245; // meters (WGS 84)
/** Earth mean radius defined by WGS 84 in meters */
public static final double EARTH_MEAN_RADIUS = 6371008.7714D; // meters (WGS 84)
/** Earth axis ratio defined by WGS 84 (0.996647189335) */
public static final double EARTH_AXIS_RATIO = EARTH_SEMI_MINOR_AXIS / EARTH_SEMI_MAJOR_AXIS;
/** Earth ellipsoid equator length in meters */
public static final double EARTH_EQUATOR = 2*Math.PI * EARTH_SEMI_MAJOR_AXIS;
/** Earth ellipsoid polar distance in meters */
public static final double EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE = Math.PI * EARTH_SEMI_MINOR_AXIS;
/** rounding error for quantized latitude and longitude values */
public static final double TOLERANCE = 1E-6;
/** Returns true if latitude is actually a valid latitude value.*/
public static boolean isValidLatitude(double latitude) {
if (Double.isNaN(latitude) || Double.isInfinite(latitude) || latitude < GeoUtils.MIN_LAT || latitude > GeoUtils.MAX_LAT) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/** Returns true if longitude is actually a valid longitude value. */
public static boolean isValidLongitude(double longitude) {
if (Double.isNaN(longitude) || Double.isNaN(longitude) || longitude < GeoUtils.MIN_LON || longitude > GeoUtils.MAX_LON) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Calculate the width (in meters) of geohash cells at a specific level
* @param level geohash level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the width of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double geoHashCellWidth(int level) {
assert level>=0;
// Geohash cells are split into 32 cells at each level. the grid
// alternates at each level between a 8x4 and a 4x8 grid
return EARTH_EQUATOR / (1L<<((((level+1)/2)*3) + ((level/2)*2)));
}
/**
* Calculate the width (in meters) of quadtree cells at a specific level
* @param level quadtree level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the width of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double quadTreeCellWidth(int level) {
assert level >=0;
return EARTH_EQUATOR / (1L<<level);
}
/**
* Calculate the height (in meters) of geohash cells at a specific level
* @param level geohash level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the height of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double geoHashCellHeight(int level) {
assert level>=0;
// Geohash cells are split into 32 cells at each level. the grid
// alternates at each level between a 8x4 and a 4x8 grid
return EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE / (1L<<((((level+1)/2)*2) + ((level/2)*3)));
}
/**
* Calculate the height (in meters) of quadtree cells at a specific level
* @param level quadtree level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the height of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double quadTreeCellHeight(int level) {
assert level>=0;
return EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE / (1L<<level);
}
/**
* Calculate the size (in meters) of geohash cells at a specific level
* @param level geohash level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the size of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double geoHashCellSize(int level) {
assert level>=0;
final double w = geoHashCellWidth(level);
final double h = geoHashCellHeight(level);
return Math.sqrt(w*w + h*h);
}
/**
* Calculate the size (in meters) of quadtree cells at a specific level
* @param level quadtree level must be greater or equal to zero
* @return the size of cells at level in meters
*/
public static double quadTreeCellSize(int level) {
assert level>=0;
return Math.sqrt(EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE*EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE + EARTH_EQUATOR*EARTH_EQUATOR) / (1L<<level);
}
/**
* Calculate the number of levels needed for a specific precision. Quadtree
* cells will not exceed the specified size (diagonal) of the precision.
* @param meters Maximum size of cells in meters (must greater than zero)
* @return levels need to achieve precision
*/
public static int quadTreeLevelsForPrecision(double meters) {
assert meters >= 0;
if(meters == 0) {
return QuadPrefixTree.MAX_LEVELS_POSSIBLE;
} else {
final double ratio = 1+(EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE / EARTH_EQUATOR); // cell ratio
final double width = Math.sqrt((meters*meters)/(ratio*ratio)); // convert to cell width
final long part = Math.round(Math.ceil(EARTH_EQUATOR / width));
final int level = Long.SIZE - Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(part)-1; // (log_2)
return (part<=(1L<<level)) ?level :(level+1); // adjust level
}
}
/**
* Calculate the number of levels needed for a specific precision. QuadTree
* cells will not exceed the specified size (diagonal) of the precision.
* @param distance Maximum size of cells as unit string (must greater or equal to zero)
* @return levels need to achieve precision
*/
public static int quadTreeLevelsForPrecision(String distance) {
return quadTreeLevelsForPrecision(DistanceUnit.METERS.parse(distance, DistanceUnit.DEFAULT));
}
/**
* Calculate the number of levels needed for a specific precision. GeoHash
* cells will not exceed the specified size (diagonal) of the precision.
* @param meters Maximum size of cells in meters (must greater or equal to zero)
* @return levels need to achieve precision
*/
public static int geoHashLevelsForPrecision(double meters) {
assert meters >= 0;
if(meters == 0) {
return GeohashPrefixTree.getMaxLevelsPossible();
} else {
final double ratio = 1+(EARTH_POLAR_DISTANCE / EARTH_EQUATOR); // cell ratio
final double width = Math.sqrt((meters*meters)/(ratio*ratio)); // convert to cell width
final double part = Math.ceil(EARTH_EQUATOR / width);
if(part == 1)
return 1;
final int bits = (int)Math.round(Math.ceil(Math.log(part) / Math.log(2)));
final int full = bits / 5; // number of 5 bit subdivisions
final int left = bits - full*5; // bit representing the last level
final int even = full + (left>0?1:0); // number of even levels
final int odd = full + (left>3?1:0); // number of odd levels
return even+odd;
}
}
/**
* Calculate the number of levels needed for a specific precision. GeoHash
* cells will not exceed the specified size (diagonal) of the precision.
* @param distance Maximum size of cells as unit string (must greater or equal to zero)
* @return levels need to achieve precision
*/
public static int geoHashLevelsForPrecision(String distance) {
return geoHashLevelsForPrecision(DistanceUnit.METERS.parse(distance, DistanceUnit.DEFAULT));
}
/**
* Normalize longitude to lie within the -180 (exclusive) to 180 (inclusive) range.
*
* @param lon Longitude to normalize
* @return The normalized longitude.
*/
public static double normalizeLon(double lon) {
return centeredModulus(lon, 360);
}
/**
* Normalize latitude to lie within the -90 to 90 (both inclusive) range.
* <p>
* Note: You should not normalize longitude and latitude separately,
* because when normalizing latitude it may be necessary to
* add a shift of 180° in the longitude.
* For this purpose, you should call the
* {@link #normalizePoint(GeoPoint)} function.
*
* @param lat Latitude to normalize
* @return The normalized latitude.
* @see #normalizePoint(GeoPoint)
*/
public static double normalizeLat(double lat) {
lat = centeredModulus(lat, 360);
if (lat < -90) {
lat = -180 - lat;
} else if (lat > 90) {
lat = 180 - lat;
}
return lat;
}
/**
* Normalize the geo {@code Point} for its coordinates to lie within their
* respective normalized ranges.
* <p>
* Note: A shift of 180° is applied in the longitude if necessary,
* in order to normalize properly the latitude.
*
* @param point The point to normalize in-place.
*/
public static void normalizePoint(GeoPoint point) {
normalizePoint(point, true, true);
}
/**
* Normalize the geo {@code Point} for the given coordinates to lie within
* their respective normalized ranges.
* <p>
* You can control which coordinate gets normalized with the two flags.
* <p>
* Note: A shift of 180° is applied in the longitude if necessary,
* in order to normalize properly the latitude.
* If normalizing latitude but not longitude, it is assumed that
* the longitude is in the form x+k*360, with x in ]-180;180],
* and k is meaningful to the application.
* Therefore x will be adjusted while keeping k preserved.
*
* @param point The point to normalize in-place.
* @param normLat Whether to normalize latitude or leave it as is.
* @param normLon Whether to normalize longitude.
*/
public static void normalizePoint(GeoPoint point, boolean normLat, boolean normLon) {
double[] pt = {point.lon(), point.lat()};
normalizePoint(pt, normLon, normLat);
point.reset(pt[1], pt[0]);
}
public static void normalizePoint(double[] lonLat) {
normalizePoint(lonLat, true, true);
}
public static void normalizePoint(double[] lonLat, boolean normLon, boolean normLat) {
assert lonLat != null && lonLat.length == 2;
normLat = normLat && (lonLat[1] > 90 || lonLat[1] < -90);
normLon = normLon && (lonLat[0] > 180 || lonLat[0] < -180);
if (normLat) {
lonLat[1] = centeredModulus(lonLat[1], 360);
boolean shift = true;
if (lonLat[1] < -90) {
lonLat[1] = -180 - lonLat[1];
} else if (lonLat[1] > 90) {
lonLat[1] = 180 - lonLat[1];
} else {
// No need to shift the longitude, and the latitude is normalized
shift = false;
}
if (shift) {
if (normLon) {
lonLat[0] += 180;
} else {
// Longitude won't be normalized,
// keep it in the form x+k*360 (with x in ]-180;180])
// by only changing x, assuming k is meaningful for the user application.
lonLat[0] += normalizeLon(lonLat[0]) > 0 ? -180 : 180;
}
}
}
if (normLon) {
lonLat[0] = centeredModulus(lonLat[0], 360);
}
}
private static double centeredModulus(double dividend, double divisor) {
double rtn = dividend % divisor;
if (rtn <= 0) {
rtn += divisor;
}
if (rtn > divisor / 2) {
rtn -= divisor;
}
return rtn;
}
/**
* Parse a {@link GeoPoint} with a {@link XContentParser}:
*
* @param parser {@link XContentParser} to parse the value from
* @return new {@link GeoPoint} parsed from the parse
*/
public static GeoPoint parseGeoPoint(XContentParser parser) throws IOException, ElasticsearchParseException {
return parseGeoPoint(parser, new GeoPoint());
}
/**
* Parse a {@link GeoPoint} with a {@link XContentParser}. A geopoint has one of the following forms:
*
* <ul>
* <li>Object: <pre>{"lat": <i><latitude></i>, "lon": <i><longitude></i>}</pre></li>
* <li>String: <pre>"<i><latitude></i>,<i><longitude></i>"</pre></li>
* <li>Geohash: <pre>"<i><geohash></i>"</pre></li>
* <li>Array: <pre>[<i><longitude></i>,<i><latitude></i>]</pre></li>
* </ul>
*
* @param parser {@link XContentParser} to parse the value from
* @param point A {@link GeoPoint} that will be reset by the values parsed
* @return new {@link GeoPoint} parsed from the parse
*/
public static GeoPoint parseGeoPoint(XContentParser parser, GeoPoint point) throws IOException, ElasticsearchParseException {
double lat = Double.NaN;
double lon = Double.NaN;
String geohash = null;
NumberFormatException numberFormatException = null;
if(parser.currentToken() == Token.START_OBJECT) {
while(parser.nextToken() != Token.END_OBJECT) {
if(parser.currentToken() == Token.FIELD_NAME) {
String field = parser.currentName();
if(LATITUDE.equals(field)) {
parser.nextToken();
switch (parser.currentToken()) {
case VALUE_NUMBER:
case VALUE_STRING:
try {
lat = parser.doubleValue(true);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
numberFormatException = e;
}
break;
default:
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("latitude must be a number");
}
} else if (LONGITUDE.equals(field)) {
parser.nextToken();
switch (parser.currentToken()) {
case VALUE_NUMBER:
case VALUE_STRING:
try {
lon = parser.doubleValue(true);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
numberFormatException = e;
}
break;
default:
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("longitude must be a number");
}
} else if (GEOHASH.equals(field)) {
if(parser.nextToken() == Token.VALUE_STRING) {
geohash = parser.text();
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("geohash must be a string");
}
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("field must be either [{}], [{}] or [{}]", LATITUDE, LONGITUDE, GEOHASH);
}
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("token [{}] not allowed", parser.currentToken());
}
}
if (geohash != null) {
if(!Double.isNaN(lat) || !Double.isNaN(lon)) {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("field must be either lat/lon or geohash");
} else {
return point.resetFromGeoHash(geohash);
}
} else if (numberFormatException != null) {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("[{}] and [{}] must be valid double values", numberFormatException, LATITUDE,
LONGITUDE);
} else if (Double.isNaN(lat)) {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("field [{}] missing", LATITUDE);
} else if (Double.isNaN(lon)) {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("field [{}] missing", LONGITUDE);
} else {
return point.reset(lat, lon);
}
} else if(parser.currentToken() == Token.START_ARRAY) {
int element = 0;
while(parser.nextToken() != Token.END_ARRAY) {
if(parser.currentToken() == Token.VALUE_NUMBER) {
element++;
if(element == 1) {
lon = parser.doubleValue();
} else if(element == 2) {
lat = parser.doubleValue();
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("only two values allowed");
}
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("numeric value expected");
}
}
return point.reset(lat, lon);
} else if(parser.currentToken() == Token.VALUE_STRING) {
String data = parser.text();
return parseGeoPoint(data, point);
} else {
throw new ElasticsearchParseException("geo_point expected");
}
}
/** parse a {@link GeoPoint} from a String */
public static GeoPoint parseGeoPoint(String data, GeoPoint point) {
int comma = data.indexOf(',');
if(comma > 0) {
double lat = Double.parseDouble(data.substring(0, comma).trim());
double lon = Double.parseDouble(data.substring(comma + 1).trim());
return point.reset(lat, lon);
} else {
return point.resetFromGeoHash(data);
}
}
/** Returns the maximum distance/radius (in meters) from the point 'center' before overlapping */
public static double maxRadialDistanceMeters(final double centerLat, final double centerLon) {
if (Math.abs(centerLat) == MAX_LAT) {
return SloppyMath.haversinMeters(centerLat, centerLon, 0, centerLon);
}
return SloppyMath.haversinMeters(centerLat, centerLon, centerLat, (MAX_LON + centerLon) % 360);
}
/** Return the distance (in meters) between 2 lat,lon geo points using the haversine method implemented by lucene */
public static double arcDistance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2) {
return SloppyMath.haversinMeters(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2);
}
/**
* Return the distance (in meters) between 2 lat,lon geo points using a simple tangential plane
* this provides a faster alternative to {@link GeoUtils#arcDistance} but is inaccurate for distances greater than
* 4 decimal degrees
*/
public static double planeDistance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2) {
double x = (lon2 - lon1) * SloppyMath.TO_RADIANS * Math.cos((lat2 + lat1) / 2.0 * SloppyMath.TO_RADIANS);
double y = (lat2 - lat1) * SloppyMath.TO_RADIANS;
return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) * EARTH_MEAN_RADIUS;
}
/** check if point is within a rectangle
* todo: move this to lucene Rectangle class
*/
public static boolean rectangleContainsPoint(Rectangle r, double lat, double lon) {
if (lat >= r.minLat && lat <= r.maxLat) {
// if rectangle crosses the dateline we only check if the lon is >= min or max
return r.crossesDateline() ? lon >= r.minLon || lon <= r.maxLon : lon >= r.minLon && lon <= r.maxLon;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Return a {@link SortedNumericDoubleValues} instance that returns the distances to a list of geo-points
* for each document.
*/
public static SortedNumericDoubleValues distanceValues(final GeoDistance distance,
final DistanceUnit unit,
final MultiGeoPointValues geoPointValues,
final GeoPoint... fromPoints) {
final GeoPointValues singleValues = FieldData.unwrapSingleton(geoPointValues);
if (singleValues != null && fromPoints.length == 1) {
return FieldData.singleton(new NumericDoubleValues() {
@Override
public boolean advanceExact(int doc) throws IOException {
return singleValues.advanceExact(doc);
}
@Override
public double doubleValue() throws IOException {
final GeoPoint from = fromPoints[0];
final GeoPoint to = singleValues.geoPointValue();
return distance.calculate(from.lat(), from.lon(), to.lat(), to.lon(), unit);
}
});
} else {
return new SortingNumericDoubleValues() {
@Override
public boolean advanceExact(int target) throws IOException {
if (geoPointValues.advanceExact(target)) {
resize(geoPointValues.docValueCount() * fromPoints.length);
int v = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < geoPointValues.docValueCount(); ++i) {
final GeoPoint point = geoPointValues.nextValue();
for (GeoPoint from : fromPoints) {
values[v] = distance.calculate(from.lat(), from.lon(), point.lat(), point.lon(), unit);
v++;
}
}
sort();
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
};
}
}
private GeoUtils() {
}
}