/* This file is part of VoltDB.
* Copyright (C) 2008-2017 VoltDB Inc.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
* a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
* the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
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*/
/*
* This samples uses multiple threads to post synchronous requests to the
* VoltDB server, simulating multiple client application posting
* synchronous requests to the database, using the native VoltDB client
* library.
*
* While synchronous processing can cause performance bottlenecks (each
* caller waits for a transaction answer before calling another
* transaction), the VoltDB cluster at large is still able to perform at
* blazing speeds when many clients are connected to it.
*/
package voter;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import org.voltdb.CLIConfig;
import org.voltdb.VoltTable;
import org.voltdb.client.Client;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientConfig;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientFactory;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientResponse;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStats;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStatsContext;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStatusListenerExt;
import voter.procedures.Vote;
public class AdHocBenchmark {
// Initialize some common constants and variables
static final String CONTESTANT_NAMES_CSV =
"Edwina Burnam,Tabatha Gehling,Kelly Clauss,Jessie Alloway," +
"Alana Bregman,Jessie Eichman,Allie Rogalski,Nita Coster," +
"Kurt Walser,Ericka Dieter,Loraine NygrenTania Mattioli";
// handy, rather than typing this out several times
static final String HORIZONTAL_RULE =
"----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "----------" +
"----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "\n";
// validated command line configuration
final VoterConfig config;
// Reference to the database connection we will use
final Client client;
// Phone number generator
PhoneCallGenerator switchboard;
// Timer for periodic stats printing
Timer timer;
// Benchmark start time
long benchmarkStartTS;
// Flags to tell the worker threads to stop or go
AtomicBoolean warmupComplete = new AtomicBoolean(false);
AtomicBoolean benchmarkComplete = new AtomicBoolean(false);
// Statistics manager objects from the client
final ClientStatsContext periodicStatsContext;
final ClientStatsContext fullStatsContext;
// voter benchmark state
AtomicLong acceptedVotes = new AtomicLong(0);
AtomicLong badContestantVotes = new AtomicLong(0);
AtomicLong badVoteCountVotes = new AtomicLong(0);
AtomicLong failedVotes = new AtomicLong(0);
/**
* Uses included {@link CLIConfig} class to
* declaratively state command line options with defaults
* and validation.
*/
static class VoterConfig extends CLIConfig {
@Option(desc = "Interval for performance feedback, in seconds.")
long displayinterval = 5;
@Option(desc = "Benchmark duration, in seconds.")
int duration = 120;
@Option(desc = "Warmup duration in seconds.")
int warmup = 5;
@Option(desc = "Comma separated list of the form server[:port] to connect to.")
String servers = "localhost";
@Option(desc = "Number of contestants in the voting contest (from 1 to 10).")
int contestants = 6;
@Option(desc = "Maximum number of votes cast per voter.")
int maxvotes = 2;
@Option(desc = "Filename to write raw summary statistics to.")
String statsfile = "";
@Option(desc = "Number of concurrent threads synchronously calling procedures.")
int threads = 40;
@Override
public void validate() {
if (duration <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("duration must be > 0");
if (warmup < 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("warmup must be >= 0");
if (duration < 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("warmup must be >= 0");
if (displayinterval <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("displayinterval must be > 0");
if (contestants <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("contestants must be > 0");
if (maxvotes <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("maxvotes must be > 0");
if (threads <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("threads must be > 0");
}
}
/**
* Provides a callback to be notified on node failure.
* This example only logs the event.
*/
class StatusListener extends ClientStatusListenerExt {
@Override
public void connectionLost(String hostname, int port, int connectionsLeft, DisconnectCause cause) {
// if the benchmark is still active
if (benchmarkComplete.get() == false) {
System.err.printf("Connection to %s:%d was lost.\n", hostname, port);
}
}
}
/**
* Constructor for benchmark instance.
* Configures VoltDB client and prints configuration.
*
* @param config Parsed & validated CLI options.
*/
public AdHocBenchmark(VoterConfig config) {
this.config = config;
ClientConfig clientConfig = new ClientConfig("", "", new StatusListener());
client = ClientFactory.createClient(clientConfig);
periodicStatsContext = client.createStatsContext();
fullStatsContext = client.createStatsContext();
switchboard = new PhoneCallGenerator(config.contestants);
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Command Line Configuration");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(config.getConfigDumpString());
}
/**
* Connect to a single server with retry. Limited exponential backoff.
* No timeout. This will run until the process is killed if it's not
* able to connect.
*
* @param server hostname:port or just hostname (hostname can be ip).
*/
void connectToOneServerWithRetry(String server) {
int sleep = 1000;
while (true) {
try {
client.createConnection(server);
break;
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.printf("Connection failed - retrying in %d second(s).\n", sleep / 1000);
try { Thread.sleep(sleep); } catch (Exception interruted) {}
if (sleep < 8000) sleep += sleep;
}
}
System.out.printf("Connected to VoltDB node at: %s.\n", server);
}
/**
* Connect to a set of servers in parallel. Each will retry until
* connection. This call will block until all have connected.
*
* @param servers A comma separated list of servers using the hostname:port
* syntax (where :port is optional).
* @throws InterruptedException if anything bad happens with the threads.
*/
void connect(String servers) throws InterruptedException {
System.out.println("Connecting to VoltDB...");
String[] serverArray = servers.split(",");
final CountDownLatch connections = new CountDownLatch(serverArray.length);
// use a new thread to connect to each server
for (final String server : serverArray) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
connectToOneServerWithRetry(server);
connections.countDown();
}
}).start();
}
// block until all have connected
connections.await();
}
/**
* Create a Timer task to display performance data on the Vote procedure
* It calls printStatistics() every displayInterval seconds
*/
public void schedulePeriodicStats() {
timer = new Timer();
TimerTask statsPrinting = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() { printStatistics(); }
};
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(statsPrinting,
config.displayinterval * 1000,
config.displayinterval * 1000);
}
/**
* Prints a one line update on performance that can be printed
* periodically during a benchmark.
*/
public synchronized void printStatistics() {
ClientStats stats = periodicStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline().getStats();
long time = Math.round((stats.getEndTimestamp() - benchmarkStartTS) / 1000.0);
System.out.printf("%02d:%02d:%02d ", time / 3600, (time / 60) % 60, time % 60);
System.out.printf("Throughput %d/s, ", stats.getTxnThroughput());
System.out.printf("Aborts/Failures %d/%d, ",
stats.getInvocationAborts(), stats.getInvocationErrors());
System.out.printf("Avg/95%% Latency %.2f/%.2fms\n", stats.getAverageLatency(),
stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(0.95));
}
/**
* Prints the results of the voting simulation and statistics
* about performance.
*
* @throws Exception if anything unexpected happens.
*/
public synchronized void printResults() throws Exception {
ClientStats stats = fullStatsContext.fetch().getStats();
// 1. Voting Board statistics, Voting results and performance statistics
String display = "\n" +
HORIZONTAL_RULE +
" Voting Results\n" +
HORIZONTAL_RULE +
"\nA total of %d votes were received...\n" +
" - %,9d Accepted\n" +
" - %,9d Rejected (Invalid Contestant)\n" +
" - %,9d Rejected (Maximum Vote Count Reached)\n" +
" - %,9d Failed (Transaction Error)\n\n";
System.out.printf(display, stats.getInvocationsCompleted(),
acceptedVotes.get(), badContestantVotes.get(),
badVoteCountVotes.get(), failedVotes.get());
// 2. Voting results
VoltTable result = client.callProcedure("Results").getResults()[0];
System.out.println("Contestant Name\t\tVotes Received");
while(result.advanceRow()) {
System.out.printf("%s\t\t%,14d\n", result.getString(0), result.getLong(2));
}
System.out.printf("\nThe Winner is: %s\n\n", result.fetchRow(0).getString(0));
// 3. Performance statistics
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Client Workload Statistics");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.printf("Average throughput: %,9d txns/sec\n", stats.getTxnThroughput());
System.out.printf("Average latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.getAverageLatency());
System.out.printf("95th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.95));
System.out.printf("99th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.99));
System.out.print("\n" + HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" System Server Statistics");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.printf("Reported Internal Avg Latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.getAverageInternalLatency());
// 4. Write stats to file if requested
client.writeSummaryCSV(stats, config.statsfile);
}
/**
* While <code>benchmarkComplete</code> is set to false, run as many
* Ad Hoc SQL statements as possible and record the results.
*
*/
class VoterThread implements Runnable {
public static final long VOTE_SUCCESSFUL = 0;
public static final long ERR_INVALID_CONTESTANT = 1;
public static final long ERR_VOTER_OVER_VOTE_LIMIT = 2;
private long doVote(PhoneCallGenerator.PhoneCall call)
{
// Issue the voting logic via ad hoc queries vs stored procedure invocations.
try {
// Make sure the contestant exists TODO: cache contestants on client startup.
String sql = "SELECT contestant_number FROM contestants WHERE contestant_number = "+call.contestantNumber+";";
ClientResponse resp = client.callProcedure("@AdHoc", sql);
VoltTable result = resp.getResults()[0];
if (result.getRowCount() == 0)
return ERR_INVALID_CONTESTANT;
sql = "SELECT state FROM area_code_state WHERE area_code = " + (call.phoneNumber / 10000000l) + ";";
resp = client.callProcedure("@AdHoc", sql);
result = resp.getResults()[0];
String state = (result.getRowCount() > 0) ? result.fetchRow(0).getString(0) : "XX";
// Validate that the phone number hasn't voted too many times. The assumption here is that a phonenumber (the device) can only vote serially, not in parallel.
// This logic should be performed in a stored procedure (e.g. within a transaction) to prevent multiple votes concurrently from the same device (phone number).
sql = "SELECT num_votes FROM v_votes_by_phone_number WHERE phone_number = "+call.phoneNumber+";";
resp = client.callProcedure("@AdHoc", sql);
result = resp.getResults()[0];
if ((result.getRowCount() == 1) && (result.asScalarLong() >= config.maxvotes))
return ERR_VOTER_OVER_VOTE_LIMIT;
// TODO: Batch the prior 2 (or 3, if we don't cache contestants) SQL statements.
// Log the vote.
sql = "INSERT INTO votes (phone_number, state, contestant_number) VALUES ("+call.phoneNumber+", '"+state+"', "+call.contestantNumber+");";
resp = client.callProcedure("@AdHoc", sql);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
// Set the return value to 0: successful vote
return VOTE_SUCCESSFUL;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (warmupComplete.get() == false) {
doVote(switchboard.receive());
}
while (benchmarkComplete.get() == false) {
try {
long resultCode = doVote(switchboard.receive());
if (resultCode == Vote.ERR_INVALID_CONTESTANT) {
badContestantVotes.incrementAndGet();
}
else if (resultCode == Vote.ERR_VOTER_OVER_VOTE_LIMIT) {
badVoteCountVotes.incrementAndGet();
}
else {
assert(resultCode == Vote.VOTE_SUCCESSFUL);
acceptedVotes.incrementAndGet();
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
failedVotes.incrementAndGet();
}
}
}
}
/**
* Core benchmark code.
* Connect. Initialize. Run the loop. Cleanup. Print Results.
*
* @throws Exception if anything unexpected happens.
*/
public void runBenchmark() throws Exception {
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Setup & Initialization");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
// connect to one or more servers, loop until success
connect(config.servers);
// initialize using synchronous call
System.out.println("\nPopulating Static Tables\n");
client.callProcedure("Initialize", config.contestants, CONTESTANT_NAMES_CSV);
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println("Starting Benchmark");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
// create/start the requested number of threads
Thread[] voterThreads = new Thread[config.threads];
for (int i = 0; i < config.threads; ++i) {
voterThreads[i] = new Thread(new VoterThread());
voterThreads[i].start();
}
// Run the benchmark loop for the requested warmup time
System.out.println("Warming up...");
Thread.sleep(1000l * config.warmup);
// signal to threads to end the warmup phase
warmupComplete.set(true);
// reset the stats after warmup
fullStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline();
periodicStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline();
// print periodic statistics to the console
benchmarkStartTS = System.currentTimeMillis();
schedulePeriodicStats();
// Run the benchmark loop for the requested warmup time
System.out.println("\nRunning benchmark...");
Thread.sleep(1000l * config.duration);
// stop the threads
benchmarkComplete.set(true);
// cancel periodic stats printing
timer.cancel();
// block until all outstanding txns return
client.drain();
// join on the threads
for (Thread t : voterThreads) {
t.join();
}
// print the summary results
printResults();
// close down the client connections
client.close();
}
/**
* Main routine creates a benchmark instance and kicks off the run method.
*
* @param args Command line arguments.
* @throws Exception if anything goes wrong.
* @see {@link VoterConfig}
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a configuration from the arguments
VoterConfig config = new VoterConfig();
config.parse(SyncBenchmark.class.getName(), args);
AdHocBenchmark benchmark = new AdHocBenchmark(config);
benchmark.runBenchmark();
}
}