/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.raid;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
public class ReedSolomonCode extends ErasureCode {
public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(ReedSolomonCode.class);
private int stripeSize;
private int paritySize;
private int[] generatingPolynomial;
private int PRIMITIVE_ROOT = 2;
private int[] primitivePower;
private GaloisField GF = GaloisField.getInstance();
private int[] errSignature;
private int[] paritySymbolLocations;
private int[] dataBuff;
@Deprecated
public ReedSolomonCode(int stripeSize, int paritySize) {
init(stripeSize, paritySize);
}
public ReedSolomonCode() {
}
@Override
public void init(int stripeSize, int paritySize) {
LOG.info("Initialized " + ReedSolomonCode.class +
" stripeLength:" + stripeSize +
" parityLength:" + paritySize);
assert(stripeSize + paritySize < GF.getFieldSize());
this.stripeSize = stripeSize;
this.paritySize = paritySize;
this.errSignature = new int[paritySize];
this.paritySymbolLocations = new int[paritySize];
this.dataBuff = new int[paritySize + stripeSize];
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
paritySymbolLocations[i] = i;
}
this.primitivePower = new int[stripeSize + paritySize];
// compute powers of the primitive root
for (int i = 0; i < stripeSize + paritySize; i++) {
primitivePower[i] = GF.power(PRIMITIVE_ROOT, i);
}
// compute generating polynomial
int[] gen = {1};
int[] poly = new int[2];
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
poly[0] = primitivePower[i];
poly[1] = 1;
gen = GF.multiply(gen, poly);
}
// generating polynomial has all generating roots
generatingPolynomial = gen;
}
@Override
public void encode(int[] message, int[] parity) {
assert(message.length == stripeSize && parity.length == paritySize);
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
dataBuff[i] = 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < stripeSize; i++) {
dataBuff[i + paritySize] = message[i];
}
GF.remainder(dataBuff, generatingPolynomial);
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
parity[i] = dataBuff[i];
}
}
public void printArray(byte[][] outputs) {
for (int i = 0; i < outputs.length; i++) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("Row " + i + ":");
for (int j = 0; j < outputs[i].length; j++) {
sb.append(outputs[i][j] + " ");
}
LOG.info(sb.toString());
}
}
/**
* This function (actually, the GF.remainder() function) will modify
* the "inputs" parameter.
*/
@Override
public void encodeBulk(byte[][] inputs, byte[][] outputs) throws IOException {
encodeBulk(inputs, outputs, true);
}
@Override
public void encodeBulk(byte[][] inputs, byte[][] outputs, boolean useNative)
throws IOException {
final int stripeSize = stripeSize();
final int paritySize = paritySize();
assert (stripeSize == inputs.length);
assert (paritySize == outputs.length);
if (useNative) {
LOG.info("ReedSolomon is doing an Non-Native Java Implementation");
}
for (int i = 0; i < outputs.length; i++) {
Arrays.fill(outputs[i], (byte)0);
}
byte[][] data = new byte[stripeSize + paritySize][];
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
data[i] = outputs[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < stripeSize; i++) {
data[i + paritySize] = inputs[i];
}
// Compute the remainder
GF.remainder(data, generatingPolynomial);
}
@Override
public void decode(int[] data, int[] erasedLocation, int[] erasedValue) {
if (erasedLocation.length == 0) {
return;
}
assert(erasedLocation.length == erasedValue.length);
for (int i = 0; i < erasedLocation.length; i++) {
data[erasedLocation[i]] = 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < erasedLocation.length; i++) {
errSignature[i] = primitivePower[erasedLocation[i]];
erasedValue[i] = GF.substitute(data, primitivePower[i]);
}
GF.solveVandermondeSystem(errSignature, erasedValue, erasedLocation.length);
}
@Override
public void decodeBulk(byte[][] readBufs, byte[][] writeBufs,
int[] erasedLocation) throws IOException {
decodeBulk(readBufs, writeBufs, erasedLocation, 0, readBufs[0].length);
}
@Override
public void decodeOneBlock(byte[][] readBufs, byte[] decodeVec, int dataLen,
int[] erasedLocation, int decodeLocation, int decodePos, int decodeLen,
boolean useNative) throws IOException {
int numErasedLocation = erasedLocation.length;
if (numErasedLocation == 0) {
return;
}
int pos = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < numErasedLocation; i++) {
if (erasedLocation[i] == decodeLocation) {
pos = i;
break;
}
}
if (pos == -1) {
LOG.error("Location " + decodeLocation + " is not in the erasedLocation");
return;
}
byte[][] tmpBufs = new byte[numErasedLocation][];
for (int i = 0; i < numErasedLocation; i++) {
tmpBufs[i] = new byte[dataLen];
}
decodeBulk(readBufs, tmpBufs, erasedLocation, decodePos, decodeLen, useNative);
System.arraycopy(tmpBufs[pos], decodePos, decodeVec, decodePos, decodeLen);
}
@Override
public void decodeBulk(byte[][] readBufs, byte[][] writeBufs,
int[] erasedLocation, int dataStart, int dataLen) throws IOException {
decodeBulk(readBufs, writeBufs, erasedLocation, dataStart, dataLen, true);
}
public void decodeBulk(byte[][] readBufs, byte[][] writeBufs,
int[] erasedLocation, int dataStart, int dataLen, boolean useNative)
throws IOException {
if (erasedLocation.length == 0) {
return;
}
if (useNative) {
LOG.info("ReedSolomon is doing an Non-Native Java Implementation");
}
// cleanup the write buffer
for (int i = 0; i < writeBufs.length; i++) {
Arrays.fill(writeBufs[i], dataStart, dataStart + dataLen, (byte)0);
}
for (int i = 0; i < erasedLocation.length; i++) {
errSignature[i] = primitivePower[erasedLocation[i]];
GF.substitute(readBufs, writeBufs[i], primitivePower[i], dataStart, dataLen);
}
GF.solveVandermondeSystem(
errSignature, writeBufs, erasedLocation.length, dataStart, dataLen);
}
@Override
public int stripeSize() {
return this.stripeSize;
}
@Override
public int paritySize() {
return this.paritySize;
}
@Override
public int symbolSize() {
return (int) Math.round(Math.log(GF.getFieldSize()) / Math.log(2));
}
/**
* Given parity symbols followed by message symbols, return the locations of
* symbols that are corrupted. Can resolve up to (parity length / 2) error
* locations.
* @param data The message and parity. The parity should be placed in the
* first part of the array. In each integer, the relevant portion
* is present in the least significant bits of each int.
* The number of elements in data is stripeSize() + paritySize().
* <b>Note that data may be changed after calling this method.</b>
* @param errorLocations The set to put the error location results
* @return true If the locations can be resolved, return true.
*/
public boolean computeErrorLocations(int[] data,
Set<Integer> errorLocations) {
assert(data.length == paritySize + stripeSize && errorLocations != null);
errorLocations.clear();
int maxError = paritySize / 2;
int[][] syndromeMatrix = new int[maxError][];
for (int i = 0; i < syndromeMatrix.length; ++i) {
syndromeMatrix[i] = new int[maxError + 1];
}
int[] syndrome = new int[paritySize];
if (computeSyndrome(data, syndrome)) {
// Parity check OK. No error location added.
return true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < maxError; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < maxError + 1; ++j) {
syndromeMatrix[i][j] = syndrome[i + j];
}
}
GF.gaussianElimination(syndromeMatrix);
int[] polynomial = new int[maxError + 1];
polynomial[0] = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < maxError; ++i) {
polynomial[i + 1] = syndromeMatrix[maxError - 1 - i][maxError];
}
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize + stripeSize; ++i) {
int possibleRoot = GF.divide(1, primitivePower[i]);
if (GF.substitute(polynomial, possibleRoot) == 0) {
errorLocations.add(i);
}
}
// Now recover with error locations and check the syndrome again
int[] locations = new int[errorLocations.size()];
int k = 0;
for (int loc : errorLocations) {
locations[k++] = loc;
}
int [] erasedValue = new int[locations.length];
decode(data, locations, erasedValue);
for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; ++i) {
data[locations[i]] = erasedValue[i];
}
return computeSyndrome(data, syndrome);
}
/**
* Compute the syndrome of the input [parity, message]
* @param data [parity, message]
* @param syndrome The syndromes (checksums) of the data
* @return true If syndromes are all zeros
*/
private boolean computeSyndrome(int[] data, int [] syndrome) {
boolean corruptionFound = false;
for (int i = 0; i < paritySize; i++) {
syndrome[i] = GF.substitute(data, primitivePower[i]);
if (syndrome[i] != 0) {
corruptionFound = true;
}
}
return !corruptionFound;
}
}