package edu.princeton.cs.introcs;
/*************************************************************************
* Compilation: javac Draw.java
* Execution: java Draw
*
* Drawing library. This class provides a basic capability for creating
* drawings with your programs. It uses a simple graphics model that
* allows you to create drawings consisting of points, lines, and curves
* in a window on your computer and to save the drawings to a file.
* This is the object-oriented version of standard draw; it supports
* multiple indepedent drawing windows.
*
* Todo
* ----
* - Add support for gradient fill, etc.
*
* Remarks
* -------
* - don't use AffineTransform for rescaling since it inverts
* images and strings
* - careful using setFont in inner loop within an animation -
* it can cause flicker
*
*************************************************************************/
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
* <i>Draw</i>. This class provides a basic capability for
* creating drawings with your programs. It uses a simple graphics model that
* allows you to create drawings consisting of points, lines, and curves
* in a window on your computer and to save the drawings to a file.
* This is the object-oriented version of standard draw; it supports
* multiple indepedent drawing windows.
* <p>
* For additional documentation, see <a href="http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu/31datatype">Section 3.1</a> of
* <i>Introduction to Programming in Java: An Interdisciplinary Approach</i> by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
*
* @author Robert Sedgewick
* @author Kevin Wayne
*/
import java.util.ArrayList;
public final class Draw implements ActionListener, MouseListener, MouseMotionListener, KeyListener {
// pre-defined colors
public static final Color BLACK = Color.BLACK;
public static final Color BLUE = Color.BLUE;
public static final Color CYAN = Color.CYAN;
public static final Color DARK_GRAY = Color.DARK_GRAY;
public static final Color GRAY = Color.GRAY;
public static final Color GREEN = Color.GREEN;
public static final Color LIGHT_GRAY = Color.LIGHT_GRAY;
public static final Color MAGENTA = Color.MAGENTA;
public static final Color ORANGE = Color.ORANGE;
public static final Color PINK = Color.PINK;
public static final Color RED = Color.RED;
public static final Color WHITE = Color.WHITE;
public static final Color YELLOW = Color.YELLOW;
/**
* Shade of blue used in Introduction to Programming in Java.
* The RGB values are (9, 90, 166).
*/
public static final Color BOOK_BLUE = new Color(9, 90, 166);
/**
* Shade of red used in Algorithms 4th edition.
* The RGB values are (173, 32, 24).
*/
public static final Color BOOK_RED = new Color(173, 32, 24);
// default colors
private static final Color DEFAULT_PEN_COLOR = BLACK;
private static final Color DEFAULT_CLEAR_COLOR = WHITE;
// boundary of drawing canvas, 0% border
private static final double BORDER = 0.0;
private static final double DEFAULT_XMIN = 0.0;
private static final double DEFAULT_XMAX = 1.0;
private static final double DEFAULT_YMIN = 0.0;
private static final double DEFAULT_YMAX = 1.0;
// default canvas size is SIZE-by-SIZE
private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 512;
// default pen radius
private static final double DEFAULT_PEN_RADIUS = 0.002;
// default font
private static final Font DEFAULT_FONT = new Font("SansSerif", Font.PLAIN, 16);
// current pen color
private Color penColor;
// canvas size
private int width = DEFAULT_SIZE;
private int height = DEFAULT_SIZE;
// current pen radius
private double penRadius;
// show we draw immediately or wait until next show?
private boolean defer = false;
private double xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax;
// name of window
private String name = "Draw";
// for synchronization
private Object mouseLock = new Object();
private Object keyLock = new Object();
// current font
private Font font;
// double buffered graphics
private BufferedImage offscreenImage, onscreenImage;
private Graphics2D offscreen, onscreen;
// the frame for drawing to the screen
private JFrame frame = new JFrame();
// mouse state
private boolean mousePressed = false;
private double mouseX = 0;
private double mouseY = 0;
// keyboard state
private LinkedList<Character> keysTyped = new LinkedList<Character>();
private TreeSet<Integer> keysDown = new TreeSet<Integer>();
// event-based listeners
private ArrayList<DrawListener> listeners = new ArrayList<DrawListener>();
/**
* Create an empty drawing object with the given name.
*
* @param name the title of the drawing window.
*/
public Draw(String name) {
this.name = name;
init();
}
/**
* Create an empty drawing object.
*/
public Draw() {
init();
}
private void init() {
if (frame != null) frame.setVisible(false);
frame = new JFrame();
offscreenImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
onscreenImage = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
offscreen = offscreenImage.createGraphics();
onscreen = onscreenImage.createGraphics();
setXscale();
setYscale();
offscreen.setColor(DEFAULT_CLEAR_COLOR);
offscreen.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
setPenColor();
setPenRadius();
setFont();
clear();
// add antialiasing
RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
hints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
offscreen.addRenderingHints(hints);
// frame stuff
ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(onscreenImage);
JLabel draw = new JLabel(icon);
draw.addMouseListener(this);
draw.addMouseMotionListener(this);
frame.setContentPane(draw);
frame.addKeyListener(this); // JLabel cannot get keyboard focus
frame.setResizable(false);
// frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // closes all windows
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); // closes only current window
frame.setTitle(name);
frame.setJMenuBar(createMenuBar());
frame.pack();
frame.requestFocusInWindow();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
/**
* Set the upper-left hand corner of the drawing window to be (x, y), where (0, 0) is upper left.
*
* @param x the number of pixels from the left
* @param y the number of pixels from the top
* @throws a RunTimeException if the width or height is 0 or negative
*/
public void setLocationOnScreen(int x, int y) {
frame.setLocation(x, y);
}
/**
* Set the window size to w-by-h pixels.
*
* @param w the width as a number of pixels
* @param h the height as a number of pixels
* @throws a RunTimeException if the width or height is 0 or negative
*/
public void setCanvasSize(int w, int h) {
if (w < 1 || h < 1) throw new RuntimeException("width and height must be positive");
width = w;
height = h;
init();
}
// create the menu bar (changed to private)
private JMenuBar createMenuBar() {
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
menuBar.add(menu);
JMenuItem menuItem1 = new JMenuItem(" Save... ");
menuItem1.addActionListener(this);
menuItem1.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_S,
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getMenuShortcutKeyMask()));
menu.add(menuItem1);
return menuBar;
}
/*************************************************************************
* User and screen coordinate systems
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Set the x-scale to be the default (between 0.0 and 1.0).
*/
public void setXscale() { setXscale(DEFAULT_XMIN, DEFAULT_XMAX); }
/**
* Set the y-scale to be the default (between 0.0 and 1.0).
*/
public void setYscale() { setYscale(DEFAULT_YMIN, DEFAULT_YMAX); }
/**
* Set the x-scale (a 10% border is added to the values)
* @param min the minimum value of the x-scale
* @param max the maximum value of the x-scale
*/
public void setXscale(double min, double max) {
double size = max - min;
xmin = min - BORDER * size;
xmax = max + BORDER * size;
}
/**
* Set the y-scale (a 10% border is added to the values).
* @param min the minimum value of the y-scale
* @param max the maximum value of the y-scale
*/
public void setYscale(double min, double max) {
double size = max - min;
ymin = min - BORDER * size;
ymax = max + BORDER * size;
}
// helper functions that scale from user coordinates to screen coordinates and back
private double scaleX(double x) { return width * (x - xmin) / (xmax - xmin); }
private double scaleY(double y) { return height * (ymax - y) / (ymax - ymin); }
private double factorX(double w) { return w * width / Math.abs(xmax - xmin); }
private double factorY(double h) { return h * height / Math.abs(ymax - ymin); }
private double userX(double x) { return xmin + x * (xmax - xmin) / width; }
private double userY(double y) { return ymax - y * (ymax - ymin) / height; }
/**
* Clear the screen to the default color (white).
*/
public void clear() { clear(DEFAULT_CLEAR_COLOR); }
/**
* Clear the screen to the given color.
* @param color the Color to make the background
*/
public void clear(Color color) {
offscreen.setColor(color);
offscreen.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
offscreen.setColor(penColor);
draw();
}
/**
* Get the current pen radius.
*/
public double getPenRadius() { return penRadius; }
/**
* Set the pen size to the default (.002).
*/
public void setPenRadius() { setPenRadius(DEFAULT_PEN_RADIUS); }
/**
* Set the radius of the pen to the given size.
* @param r the radius of the pen
* @throws RuntimeException if r is negative
*/
public void setPenRadius(double r) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("pen radius must be positive");
penRadius = r * DEFAULT_SIZE;
BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke((float) penRadius, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);
// BasicStroke stroke = new BasicStroke((float) penRadius);
offscreen.setStroke(stroke);
}
/**
* Get the current pen color.
*/
public Color getPenColor() { return penColor; }
/**
* Set the pen color to the default color (black).
*/
public void setPenColor() { setPenColor(DEFAULT_PEN_COLOR); }
/**
* Set the pen color to the given color.
* @param color the Color to make the pen
*/
public void setPenColor(Color color) {
penColor = color;
offscreen.setColor(penColor);
}
/**
* Set the pen color to the given RGB color.
* @param red the amount of red (between 0 and 255)
* @param green the amount of green (between 0 and 255)
* @param blue the amount of blue (between 0 and 255)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the amount of red, green, or blue are outside prescribed range
*/
public void setPenColor(int red, int green, int blue) {
if (red < 0 || red >= 256) throw new IllegalArgumentException("amount of red must be between 0 and 255");
if (green < 0 || green >= 256) throw new IllegalArgumentException("amount of red must be between 0 and 255");
if (blue < 0 || blue >= 256) throw new IllegalArgumentException("amount of red must be between 0 and 255");
setPenColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
}
public void xorOn() { offscreen.setXORMode(DEFAULT_CLEAR_COLOR); }
public void xorOff() { offscreen.setPaintMode(); }
/**
* Get the current font.
*/
public Font getFont() { return font; }
/**
* Set the font to the default font (sans serif, 16 point).
*/
public void setFont() { setFont(DEFAULT_FONT); }
/**
* Set the font to the given value.
* @param f the font to make text
*/
public void setFont(Font f) { font = f; }
/*************************************************************************
* Drawing geometric shapes.
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Draw a line from (x0, y0) to (x1, y1).
* @param x0 the x-coordinate of the starting point
* @param y0 the y-coordinate of the starting point
* @param x1 the x-coordinate of the destination point
* @param y1 the y-coordinate of the destination point
*/
public void line(double x0, double y0, double x1, double y1) {
offscreen.draw(new Line2D.Double(scaleX(x0), scaleY(y0), scaleX(x1), scaleY(y1)));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw one pixel at (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the pixel
* @param y the y-coordinate of the pixel
*/
private void pixel(double x, double y) {
offscreen.fillRect((int) Math.round(scaleX(x)), (int) Math.round(scaleY(y)), 1, 1);
}
/**
* Draw a point at (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the point
* @param y the y-coordinate of the point
*/
public void point(double x, double y) {
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double r = penRadius;
// double ws = factorX(2*r);
// double hs = factorY(2*r);
// if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
if (r <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(xs - r/2, ys - r/2, r, r));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a circle of radius r, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param r the radius of the circle
* @throws RuntimeException if the radius of the circle is negative
*/
public void circle(double x, double y, double r) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("circle radius can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*r);
double hs = factorY(2*r);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.draw(new Ellipse2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw filled circle of radius r, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param r the radius of the circle
* @throws RuntimeException if the radius of the circle is negative
*/
public void filledCircle(double x, double y, double r) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("circle radius can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*r);
double hs = factorY(2*r);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw an ellipse with given semimajor and semiminor axes, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the ellipse
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the ellipse
* @param semiMajorAxis is the semimajor axis of the ellipse
* @param semiMinorAxis is the semiminor axis of the ellipse
* @throws RuntimeException if either of the axes are negative
*/
public void ellipse(double x, double y, double semiMajorAxis, double semiMinorAxis) {
if (semiMajorAxis < 0) throw new RuntimeException("ellipse semimajor axis can't be negative");
if (semiMinorAxis < 0) throw new RuntimeException("ellipse semiminor axis can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*semiMajorAxis);
double hs = factorY(2*semiMinorAxis);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.draw(new Ellipse2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw an ellipse with given semimajor and semiminor axes, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the ellipse
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the ellipse
* @param semiMajorAxis is the semimajor axis of the ellipse
* @param semiMinorAxis is the semiminor axis of the ellipse
* @throws RuntimeException if either of the axes are negative
*/
public void filledEllipse(double x, double y, double semiMajorAxis, double semiMinorAxis) {
if (semiMajorAxis < 0) throw new RuntimeException("ellipse semimajor axis can't be negative");
if (semiMinorAxis < 0) throw new RuntimeException("ellipse semiminor axis can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*semiMajorAxis);
double hs = factorY(2*semiMinorAxis);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.fill(new Ellipse2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw an arc of radius r, centered on (x, y), from angle1 to angle2 (in degrees).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the circle
* @param r the radius of the circle
* @param angle1 the starting angle. 0 would mean an arc beginning at 3 o'clock.
* @param angle2 the angle at the end of the arc. For example, if
* you want a 90 degree arc, then angle2 should be angle1 + 90.
* @throws RuntimeException if the radius of the circle is negative
*/
public void arc(double x, double y, double r, double angle1, double angle2) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("arc radius can't be negative");
while (angle2 < angle1) angle2 += 360;
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*r);
double hs = factorY(2*r);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.draw(new Arc2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs, angle1, angle2 - angle1, Arc2D.OPEN));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a square of side length 2r, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the square
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the square
* @param r radius is half the length of any side of the square
* @throws RuntimeException if r is negative
*/
public void square(double x, double y, double r) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("square side length can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*r);
double hs = factorY(2*r);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.draw(new Rectangle2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a filled square of side length 2r, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the square
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the square
* @param r radius is half the length of any side of the square
* @throws RuntimeException if r is negative
*/
public void filledSquare(double x, double y, double r) {
if (r < 0) throw new RuntimeException("square side length can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*r);
double hs = factorY(2*r);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.fill(new Rectangle2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a rectangle of given half width and half height, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the rectangle
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the rectangle
* @param halfWidth is half the width of the rectangle
* @param halfHeight is half the height of the rectangle
* @throws RuntimeException if halfWidth or halfHeight is negative
*/
public void rectangle(double x, double y, double halfWidth, double halfHeight) {
if (halfWidth < 0) throw new RuntimeException("half width can't be negative");
if (halfHeight < 0) throw new RuntimeException("half height can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*halfWidth);
double hs = factorY(2*halfHeight);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.draw(new Rectangle2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a filled rectangle of given half width and half height, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the center of the rectangle
* @param y the y-coordinate of the center of the rectangle
* @param halfWidth is half the width of the rectangle
* @param halfHeight is half the height of the rectangle
* @throws RuntimeException if halfWidth or halfHeight is negative
*/
public void filledRectangle(double x, double y, double halfWidth, double halfHeight) {
if (halfWidth < 0) throw new RuntimeException("half width can't be negative");
if (halfHeight < 0) throw new RuntimeException("half height can't be negative");
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(2*halfWidth);
double hs = factorY(2*halfHeight);
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else offscreen.fill(new Rectangle2D.Double(xs - ws/2, ys - hs/2, ws, hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a polygon with the given (x[i], y[i]) coordinates.
* @param x an array of all the x-coordindates of the polygon
* @param y an array of all the y-coordindates of the polygon
*/
public void polygon(double[] x, double[] y) {
int N = x.length;
GeneralPath path = new GeneralPath();
path.moveTo((float) scaleX(x[0]), (float) scaleY(y[0]));
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
path.lineTo((float) scaleX(x[i]), (float) scaleY(y[i]));
path.closePath();
offscreen.draw(path);
draw();
}
/**
* Draw a filled polygon with the given (x[i], y[i]) coordinates.
* @param x an array of all the x-coordindates of the polygon
* @param y an array of all the y-coordindates of the polygon
*/
public void filledPolygon(double[] x, double[] y) {
int N = x.length;
GeneralPath path = new GeneralPath();
path.moveTo((float) scaleX(x[0]), (float) scaleY(y[0]));
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
path.lineTo((float) scaleX(x[i]), (float) scaleY(y[i]));
path.closePath();
offscreen.fill(path);
draw();
}
/*************************************************************************
* Drawing images.
*************************************************************************/
// get an image from the given filename
private Image getImage(String filename) {
// to read from file
ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(filename);
// try to read from URL
if ((icon == null) || (icon.getImageLoadStatus() != MediaTracker.COMPLETE)) {
try {
URL url = new URL(filename);
icon = new ImageIcon(url);
} catch (Exception e) { /* not a url */ }
}
// in case file is inside a .jar
if ((icon == null) || (icon.getImageLoadStatus() != MediaTracker.COMPLETE)) {
URL url = Draw.class.getResource(filename);
if (url == null) throw new RuntimeException("image " + filename + " not found");
icon = new ImageIcon(url);
}
return icon.getImage();
}
/**
* Draw picture (gif, jpg, or png) centered on (x, y).
* @param x the center x-coordinate of the image
* @param y the center y-coordinate of the image
* @param s the name of the image/picture, e.g., "ball.gif"
* @throws RuntimeException if the image is corrupt
*/
public void picture(double x, double y, String s) {
Image image = getImage(s);
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
int ws = image.getWidth(null);
int hs = image.getHeight(null);
if (ws < 0 || hs < 0) throw new RuntimeException("image " + s + " is corrupt");
offscreen.drawImage(image, (int) Math.round(xs - ws/2.0), (int) Math.round(ys - hs/2.0), null);
draw();
}
/**
* Draw picture (gif, jpg, or png) centered on (x, y),
* rotated given number of degrees
* @param x the center x-coordinate of the image
* @param y the center y-coordinate of the image
* @param s the name of the image/picture, e.g., "ball.gif"
* @param degrees is the number of degrees to rotate counterclockwise
* @throws RuntimeException if the image is corrupt
*/
public void picture(double x, double y, String s, double degrees) {
Image image = getImage(s);
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
int ws = image.getWidth(null);
int hs = image.getHeight(null);
if (ws < 0 || hs < 0) throw new RuntimeException("image " + s + " is corrupt");
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(-degrees), xs, ys);
offscreen.drawImage(image, (int) Math.round(xs - ws/2.0), (int) Math.round(ys - hs/2.0), null);
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(+degrees), xs, ys);
draw();
}
/**
* Draw picture (gif, jpg, or png) centered on (x, y), rescaled to w-by-h.
* @param x the center x coordinate of the image
* @param y the center y coordinate of the image
* @param s the name of the image/picture, e.g., "ball.gif"
* @param w the width of the image
* @param h the height of the image
* @throws RuntimeException if the image is corrupt
*/
public void picture(double x, double y, String s, double w, double h) {
Image image = getImage(s);
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(w);
double hs = factorY(h);
if (ws < 0 || hs < 0) throw new RuntimeException("image " + s + " is corrupt");
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
else {
offscreen.drawImage(image, (int) Math.round(xs - ws/2.0),
(int) Math.round(ys - hs/2.0),
(int) Math.round(ws),
(int) Math.round(hs), null);
}
draw();
}
/**
* Draw picture (gif, jpg, or png) centered on (x, y), rotated
* given number of degrees, rescaled to w-by-h.
* @param x the center x-coordinate of the image
* @param y the center y-coordinate of the image
* @param s the name of the image/picture, e.g., "ball.gif"
* @param w the width of the image
* @param h the height of the image
* @param degrees is the number of degrees to rotate counterclockwise
* @throws RuntimeException if the image is corrupt
*/
public void picture(double x, double y, String s, double w, double h, double degrees) {
Image image = getImage(s);
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
double ws = factorX(w);
double hs = factorY(h);
if (ws < 0 || hs < 0) throw new RuntimeException("image " + s + " is corrupt");
if (ws <= 1 && hs <= 1) pixel(x, y);
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(-degrees), xs, ys);
offscreen.drawImage(image, (int) Math.round(xs - ws/2.0),
(int) Math.round(ys - hs/2.0),
(int) Math.round(ws),
(int) Math.round(hs), null);
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(+degrees), xs, ys);
draw();
}
/*************************************************************************
* Drawing text.
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Write the given text string in the current font, centered on (x, y).
* @param x the center x-coordinate of the text
* @param y the center y-coordinate of the text
* @param s the text
*/
public void text(double x, double y, String s) {
offscreen.setFont(font);
FontMetrics metrics = offscreen.getFontMetrics();
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
int ws = metrics.stringWidth(s);
int hs = metrics.getDescent();
offscreen.drawString(s, (float) (xs - ws/2.0), (float) (ys + hs));
draw();
}
/**
* Write the given text string in the current font, centered on (x, y) and
* rotated by the specified number of degrees
* @param x the center x-coordinate of the text
* @param y the center y-coordinate of the text
* @param s the text
* @param degrees is the number of degrees to rotate counterclockwise
*/
public void text(double x, double y, String s, double degrees) {
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(-degrees), xs, ys);
text(x, y, s);
offscreen.rotate(Math.toRadians(+degrees), xs, ys);
}
/**
* Write the given text string in the current font, left-aligned at (x, y).
* @param x the x-coordinate of the text
* @param y the y-coordinate of the text
* @param s the text
*/
public void textLeft(double x, double y, String s) {
offscreen.setFont(font);
FontMetrics metrics = offscreen.getFontMetrics();
double xs = scaleX(x);
double ys = scaleY(y);
// int ws = metrics.stringWidth(s);
int hs = metrics.getDescent();
offscreen.drawString(s, (float) (xs), (float) (ys + hs));
show();
}
/**
* Display on screen, pause for t milliseconds, and turn on
* <em>animation mode</em>: subsequent calls to
* drawing methods such as <tt>line()</tt>, <tt>circle()</tt>, and <tt>square()</tt>
* will not be displayed on screen until the next call to <tt>show()</tt>.
* This is useful for producing animations (clear the screen, draw a bunch of shapes,
* display on screen for a fixed amount of time, and repeat). It also speeds up
* drawing a huge number of shapes (call <tt>show(0)</tt> to defer drawing
* on screen, draw the shapes, and call <tt>show(0)</tt> to display them all
* on screen at once).
* @param t number of milliseconds
*/
public void show(int t) {
defer = false;
draw();
try { Thread.sleep(t); }
catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println("Error sleeping"); }
defer = true;
}
/**
* Display on-screen and turn off animation mode:
* subsequent calls to
* drawing methods such as <tt>line()</tt>, <tt>circle()</tt>, and <tt>square()</tt>
* will be displayed on screen when called. This is the default.
*/
public void show() {
defer = false;
draw();
}
// draw onscreen if defer is false
private void draw() {
if (defer) return;
onscreen.drawImage(offscreenImage, 0, 0, null);
frame.repaint();
}
/*************************************************************************
* Save drawing to a file.
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Save to file - suffix must be png, jpg, or gif.
* @param filename the name of the file with one of the required suffixes
*/
public void save(String filename) {
File file = new File(filename);
String suffix = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
// png files
if (suffix.toLowerCase().equals("png")) {
try { ImageIO.write(offscreenImage, suffix, file); }
catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
// need to change from ARGB to RGB for jpeg
// reference: http://archives.java.sun.com/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0404&L=java2d-interest&D=0&P=2727
else if (suffix.toLowerCase().equals("jpg")) {
WritableRaster raster = offscreenImage.getRaster();
WritableRaster newRaster;
newRaster = raster.createWritableChild(0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, new int[] {0, 1, 2});
DirectColorModel cm = (DirectColorModel) offscreenImage.getColorModel();
DirectColorModel newCM = new DirectColorModel(cm.getPixelSize(),
cm.getRedMask(),
cm.getGreenMask(),
cm.getBlueMask());
BufferedImage rgbBuffer = new BufferedImage(newCM, newRaster, false, null);
try { ImageIO.write(rgbBuffer, suffix, file); }
catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
}
else {
System.out.println("Invalid image file type: " + suffix);
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
FileDialog chooser = new FileDialog(frame, "Use a .png or .jpg extension", FileDialog.SAVE);
chooser.setVisible(true);
String filename = chooser.getFile();
if (filename != null) {
save(chooser.getDirectory() + File.separator + chooser.getFile());
}
}
/*************************************************************************
* Event-based interactions.
*************************************************************************/
public void addListener(DrawListener listener) {
// ensure there is a window for listenting to events
show();
listeners.add(listener);
frame.addKeyListener(this);
frame.addMouseListener(this);
frame.addMouseMotionListener(this);
frame.setFocusable(true);
}
/*************************************************************************
* Mouse interactions.
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Is the mouse being pressed?
* @return true or false
*/
public boolean mousePressed() {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
return mousePressed;
}
}
/**
* What is the x-coordinate of the mouse?
* @return the value of the x-coordinate of the mouse
*/
public double mouseX() {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
return mouseX;
}
}
/**
* What is the y-coordinate of the mouse?
* @return the value of the y-coordinate of the mouse
*/
public double mouseY() {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
return mouseY;
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { }
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { }
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) { }
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
mouseX = userX(e.getX());
mouseY = userY(e.getY());
mousePressed = true;
}
if (e.getButton() == MouseEvent.BUTTON1) {
for (DrawListener listener : listeners)
listener.mousePressed(userX(e.getX()), userY(e.getY()));
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
mousePressed = false;
}
if (e.getButton() == MouseEvent.BUTTON1) {
for (DrawListener listener : listeners)
listener.mouseReleased(userX(e.getX()), userY(e.getY()));
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
mouseX = userX(e.getX());
mouseY = userY(e.getY());
}
// doesn't seem to work if a button is specified
for (DrawListener listener : listeners)
listener.mouseDragged(userX(e.getX()), userY(e.getY()));
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
synchronized (mouseLock) {
mouseX = userX(e.getX());
mouseY = userY(e.getY());
}
}
/*************************************************************************
* Keyboard interactions.
*************************************************************************/
/**
* Has the user typed a key?
* @return true if the user has typed a key, false otherwise
*/
public boolean hasNextKeyTyped() {
synchronized (keyLock) {
return !keysTyped.isEmpty();
}
}
/**
* What is the next key that was typed by the user?
* @return the next key typed
*/
public char nextKeyTyped() {
synchronized (keyLock) {
return keysTyped.removeLast();
}
}
/**
* Is the keycode currently being pressed? This method takes as an argument
* the keycode (corresponding to a physical key). It can handle action keys
* (such as F1 and arrow keys) and modifier keys (such as shift and control).
* See <a href = "http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/awt/event/KeyEvent.html">KeyEvent.java</a>
* for a description of key codes.
* @return true if keycode is currently being pressed, false otherwise
*/
public boolean isKeyPressed(int keycode) {
synchronized (keyLock) {
return keysDown.contains(keycode);
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
synchronized (keyLock) {
keysTyped.addFirst(e.getKeyChar());
}
// notify all listeners
for (DrawListener listener : listeners)
listener.keyTyped(e.getKeyChar());
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
synchronized (keyLock) {
keysDown.add(e.getKeyCode());
}
}
/**
* This method cannot be called directly.
*/
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
synchronized (keyLock) {
keysDown.remove(e.getKeyCode());
}
}
/**
* Test client.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create one drawing window
Draw draw1 = new Draw("Test client 1");
draw1.square(.2, .8, .1);
draw1.filledSquare(.8, .8, .2);
draw1.circle(.8, .2, .2);
draw1.setPenColor(Draw.MAGENTA);
draw1.setPenRadius(.02);
draw1.arc(.8, .2, .1, 200, 45);
// create another one
Draw draw2 = new Draw("Test client 2");
draw2.setCanvasSize(900, 200);
// draw a blue diamond
draw2.setPenRadius();
draw2.setPenColor(Draw.BLUE);
double[] x = { .1, .2, .3, .2 };
double[] y = { .2, .3, .2, .1 };
draw2.filledPolygon(x, y);
// text
draw2.setPenColor(Draw.BLACK);
draw2.text(0.2, 0.5, "bdfdfdfdlack text");
draw2.setPenColor(Draw.WHITE);
draw2.text(0.8, 0.8, "white text");
}
}
/*************************************************************************
* Copyright 2002-2012, Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
*
* This file is part of stdlib-package.jar, which accompanies the textbook
*
* Introduction to Programming in Java: An Interdisciplinary Approach
* by R. Sedgewick and K. Wayne, Addison-Wesley, 2007. ISBN 0-321-49805-4.
*
* http://introcs.cs.princeton.edu
*
*
* stdlib-package.jar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* stdlib-package.jar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with stdlib-package.jar. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses.
*************************************************************************/