/* * Copyright 2008 Google Inc. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of * the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under * the License. */ /** * Notes: For efficiency we handle String in a specialized way, in fact, a * java.lang.String is actually implemented as a native JavaScript String. Then * we just load up the prototype of the JavaScript String object with the * appropriate instance methods. */ package java.lang; import com.google.gwt.core.client.JavaScriptObject; import java.io.Serializable; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.util.Comparator; /** * Intrinsic string class. * * TODO(jat): consider whether we want to support the following methods; * * <ul> * <li>deprecated methods dealing with bytes (I assume not since I can't see * much use for them) * <ul> * <li>String(byte[] ascii, int hibyte) * <li>String(byte[] ascii, int hibyte, int offset, int count) * <li>getBytes(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, byte[] dst, int dstBegin) * </ul> * <li>methods which in JS will essentially do nothing or be the same as other * methods * <ul> * <li>copyValueOf(char[] data) * <li>copyValueOf(char[] data, int offset, int count) * </ul> * <li>methods added in Java 1.6 (the issue is how will it impact users * building against Java 1.5) * <ul> * <li>isEmpty() * </ul> * <li>other methods which are not straightforward in JS * <ul> * <li>format(String format, Object... args) * </ul> * </ul> * * Also, in general, we need to improve our support of non-ASCII characters. The * problem is that correct support requires large tables, and we don't want to * make users who aren't going to use that pay for it. There are two ways to do * that: * <ol> * <li>construct the tables in such a way that if the corresponding method is * not called the table will be elided from the output. * <li>provide a deferred binding target selecting the level of compatibility * required. Those that only need ASCII (or perhaps a different relatively small * subset such as Latin1-5) will not pay for large tables, even if they do call * toLowercase(), for example. * </ol> * * Also, if we ever add multi-locale support, there are a number of other * methods such as toLowercase(Locale) we will want to consider supporting. This * is probably rare, but there will be some apps (such as a translation tool) * which cannot be written without this support. * * Another category of incomplete support is that we currently just use the JS * regex support, which is not exactly the same as Java. We should support Java * syntax by mapping it into equivalent JS patterns, or emulating them. */ public final class String implements Comparable<String>, CharSequence, Serializable { static final class HashCache { /** * The "old" cache; it will be dumped when front is full. */ static JavaScriptObject back = JavaScriptObject.createObject(); /** * Tracks the number of entries in front. */ static int count = 0; /** * The "new" cache; it will become back when it becomes full. */ static JavaScriptObject front = JavaScriptObject.createObject(); /** * Pulled this number out of thin air. */ static final int MAX_CACHE = 256; public static native int getHashCode(String str) /*-{ // Accesses must to be prefixed with ':' to prevent conflict with built-in // JavaScript properties. var key = ':' + str; // Check the front store. var result = @java.lang.String.HashCache::front[key]; if (result != null) { return result; } // Check the back store. result = @java.lang.String.HashCache::back[key]; if (result == null) { // Compute the value. result = @java.lang.String.HashCache::compute(Ljava/lang/String;)(str); } // Increment can trigger the swap/flush; call after checking back but // before writing to front. @java.lang.String.HashCache::increment()(); return @java.lang.String.HashCache::front[key] = result; }-*/; static int compute(String str) { int hashCode = 0; int n = str.length(); int nBatch = n - 4; int i = 0; // Process batches of 4 characters at a time while (i < nBatch) { // Add the next 4 characters to the hash. // After every 4 characters, we force the result to fit into 32 bits // by doing a bitwise operation on it. hashCode = (str.charAt(i + 3) + 31 * (str.charAt(i + 2) + 31 * (str.charAt(i + 1) + 31 * (str.charAt(i) + 31 * hashCode)))) | 0; i += 4; } // Now process the leftovers while (i < n) { hashCode = hashCode * 31 + str.charAt(i++); } // TODO: make a JSNI call in case JDT gets smart about removing this // Do a final fitting to 32 bits return hashCode | 0; } static void increment() { if (count == MAX_CACHE) { back = front; front = JavaScriptObject.createObject(); count = 0; } ++count; } } public static final Comparator<String> CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER = new Comparator<String>() { public int compare(String a, String b) { return a.compareToIgnoreCase(b); } }; // names for standard character sets that are supported private static final String CHARSET_8859_1 = "ISO-8859-1"; private static final String CHARSET_LATIN1 = "ISO-LATIN-1"; private static final String CHARSET_UTF8 = "UTF-8"; public static String copyValueOf(char[] v) { return valueOf(v); } public static String copyValueOf(char[] v, int offset, int count) { return valueOf(v, offset, count); } public static String valueOf(boolean x) { return "" + x; } public static native String valueOf(char x) /*-{ return String.fromCharCode(x); }-*/; public static String valueOf(char x[], int offset, int count) { int end = offset + count; __checkBounds(x.length, offset, end); return __valueOf(x, offset, end); } public static native String valueOf(char[] x) /*-{ // Trick: fromCharCode is a vararg method, so we can use apply() to pass the // entire input in one shot. return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, x); }-*/; public static String valueOf(double x) { return "" + x; } public static String valueOf(float x) { return "" + x; } public static String valueOf(int x) { return "" + x; } public static String valueOf(long x) { return "" + x; } public static String valueOf(Object x) { return "" + x; } // CHECKSTYLE_OFF: This class has special needs. /** * Checks that bounds are correct. * * @param legalCount the end of the legal range * @param start must be >= 0 * @param end must be <= legalCount and must be >= start * @throw StringIndexOutOfBoundsException if the range is not legal * @skip */ static void __checkBounds(int legalCount, int start, int end) { if (start < 0) { throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(start); } if (end < start) { throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(end - start); } if (end > legalCount) { throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(end); } } /** * @skip */ static String[] __createArray(int numElements) { return new String[numElements]; } /** * This method converts Java-escaped dollar signs "\$" into JavaScript-escaped * dollar signs "$$", and removes all other lone backslashes, which serve as * escapes in Java but are passed through literally in JavaScript. * * @skip */ static String __translateReplaceString(String replaceStr) { int pos = 0; while (0 <= (pos = replaceStr.indexOf("\\", pos))) { if (replaceStr.charAt(pos + 1) == '$') { replaceStr = replaceStr.substring(0, pos) + "$" + replaceStr.substring(++pos); } else { replaceStr = replaceStr.substring(0, pos) + replaceStr.substring(++pos); } } return replaceStr; } static native String __valueOf(char x[], int start, int end) /*-{ // Trick: fromCharCode is a vararg method, so we can use apply() to pass the // entire input in one shot. x = x.slice(start, end); return String.fromCharCode.apply(null, x); }-*/; /** * @skip */ static String _String() { return ""; } /** * @skip */ static String _String(byte[] bytes) { return _String(bytes, 0, bytes.length); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) { return utf8ToString(bytes, ofs, len); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len, String charset) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { if (CHARSET_UTF8.equals(charset)) { return utf8ToString(bytes, ofs, len); } else if (CHARSET_8859_1.equals(charset) || CHARSET_LATIN1.equals(charset)) { return latin1ToString(bytes, ofs, len); } else { throw new UnsupportedEncodingException("Charset " + charset + " not supported"); } } /** * @skip */ static String _String(byte[] bytes, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { return _String(bytes, 0, bytes.length, charsetName); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(char value[]) { return valueOf(value); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(char value[], int offset, int count) { return valueOf(value, offset, count); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(int[] codePoints, int offset, int count) { char[] chars = new char[count * 2]; int charIdx = 0; while (count-- > 0) { charIdx += Character.toChars(codePoints[offset++], chars, charIdx); } return valueOf(chars, 0, charIdx); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(String other) { return other; } /** * @skip */ static String _String(StringBuffer sb) { return valueOf(sb); } /** * @skip */ static String _String(StringBuilder sb) { return valueOf(sb); } private static native boolean __equals(String me, Object other) /*-{ // Coerce me to a primitive string to force string comparison return String(me) == other; }-*/; // CHECKSTYLE_ON private static native int compareTo(String thisStr, String otherStr) /*-{ // Coerce to a primitive string to force string comparison thisStr = String(thisStr); if (thisStr == otherStr) { return 0; } return thisStr < otherStr ? -1 : 1; }-*/; /** * Encode a single character in UTF8. * * @param bytes byte array to store character in * @param ofs offset into byte array to store first byte * @param codePoint character to encode * @return number of bytes consumed by encoding the character * @throws IllegalArgumentException if codepoint >= 2^26 */ private static int encodeUtf8(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int codePoint) { if (codePoint < (1 << 7)) { bytes[ofs] = (byte) (codePoint & 127); return 1; } else if (codePoint < (1 << 11)) { // 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 6) & 31) | 0xC0); bytes[ofs] = (byte) ((codePoint & 63) | 0x80); return 2; } else if (codePoint < (1 << 16)) { // 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 12) & 15) | 0xE0); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 6) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs] = (byte) ((codePoint & 63) | 0x80); return 3; } else if (codePoint < (1 << 21)) { // 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 18) & 7) | 0xF0); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 12) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 6) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs] = (byte) ((codePoint & 63) | 0x80); return 4; } else if (codePoint < (1 << 26)) { // 111110xx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 24) & 3) | 0xF8); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 18) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 12) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs++] = (byte) (((codePoint >> 6) & 63) | 0x80); bytes[ofs] = (byte) ((codePoint & 63) | 0x80); return 5; } throw new IllegalArgumentException("Character out of range: " + codePoint); } private static native String fromCharCode(char ch) /*-{ return String.fromCharCode(ch); }-*/; private static String fromCodePoint(int codePoint) { if (codePoint >= Character.MIN_SUPPLEMENTARY_CODE_POINT) { char hiSurrogate = Character.getHighSurrogate(codePoint); char loSurrogate = Character.getLowSurrogate(codePoint); return String.fromCharCode(hiSurrogate) + String.fromCharCode(loSurrogate); } else { return String.fromCharCode((char) codePoint); } } private static byte[] getBytesLatin1(String str) { int n = str.length(); byte[] bytes = new byte[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { bytes[i] = (byte) (str.charAt(i) & 255); } return bytes; } private static byte[] getBytesUtf8(String str) { // TODO(jat): consider using unescape(encodeURIComponent(bytes)) instead int n = str.length(); int byteCount = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; ) { int ch = str.codePointAt(i); i += Character.charCount(ch); if (ch < (1 << 7)) { byteCount++; } else if (ch < (1 << 11)) { byteCount += 2; } else if (ch < (1 << 16)) { byteCount += 3; } else if (ch < (1 << 21)) { byteCount += 4; } else if (ch < (1 << 26)) { byteCount += 5; } } byte[] bytes = new byte[byteCount]; int out = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; ) { int ch = str.codePointAt(i); i += Character.charCount(ch); out += encodeUtf8(bytes, out, ch); } return bytes; } private static String latin1ToString(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) { char[] chars = new char[len]; for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) { chars[i] = (char) (bytes[ofs + i] & 255); } return valueOf(chars); } private static native boolean regionMatches(String thisStr, boolean ignoreCase, int toffset, String other, int ooffset, int len) /*-{ if (toffset < 0 || ooffset < 0 || len <= 0) { return false; } if (toffset + len > thisStr.length || ooffset + len > other.length) { return false; } var left = thisStr.substr(toffset, len); var right = other.substr(ooffset, len); if (ignoreCase) { left = left.toLowerCase(); right = right.toLowerCase(); } return left == right; }-*/; private static String utf8ToString(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) { // TODO(jat): consider using decodeURIComponent(escape(bytes)) instead int charCount = 0; for (int i = 0; i < len; ) { ++charCount; byte ch = bytes[ofs + i]; if ((ch & 0xC0) == 0x80) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid UTF8 sequence"); } else if ((ch & 0x80) == 0) { ++i; } else if ((ch & 0xE0) == 0xC0) { i += 2; } else if ((ch & 0xF0) == 0xE0) { i += 3; } else if ((ch & 0xF8) == 0xF0) { i += 4; } else { // no 5+ byte sequences since max codepoint is less than 2^21 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid UTF8 sequence"); } if (i > len) { throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Invalid UTF8 sequence"); } } char[] chars = new char[charCount]; int outIdx = 0; int count = 0; for (int i = 0; i < len; ) { int ch = bytes[ofs + i++]; if ((ch & 0x80) == 0) { count = 1; ch &= 127; } else if ((ch & 0xE0) == 0xC0) { count = 2; ch &= 31; } else if ((ch & 0xF0) == 0xE0) { count = 3; ch &= 15; } else if ((ch & 0xF8) == 0xF0) { count = 4; ch &= 7; } else if ((ch & 0xFC) == 0xF8) { count = 5; ch &= 3; } while (--count > 0) { byte b = bytes[ofs + i++]; if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid UTF8 sequence at " + (ofs + i - 1) + ", byte=" + Integer.toHexString(b)); } ch = (ch << 6) | (b & 63); } outIdx += Character.toChars(ch, chars, outIdx); } return valueOf(chars); } public String() { // magic delegation to _String _String(); } public String(byte[] bytes) { // magic delegation to _String _String(bytes); } public String(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len) { // magic delegation to _String _String(bytes, ofs, len); } public String(byte[] bytes, int ofs, int len, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { // magic delegation to _String _String(bytes, ofs, len, charsetName); } public String(byte[] bytes, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { // magic delegation to _String _String(bytes, charsetName); } public String(char value[]) { // magic delegation to _String _String(value); } public String(char value[], int offset, int count) { // magic delegation to _String _String(value, offset, count); } public String(int codePoints[], int offset, int count) { // magic delegation to _String _String(codePoints, offset, count); } public String(String other) { // magic delegation to _String _String(other); } public String(StringBuffer sb) { // magic delegation to _String _String(sb); } public String(StringBuilder sb) { // magic delegation to _String _String(sb); } public native char charAt(int index) /*-{ return this.charCodeAt(index); }-*/; public int codePointAt(int index) { return Character.codePointAt(this, index, length()); } public int codePointBefore(int index) { return Character.codePointBefore(this, index, 0); } public int codePointCount(int beginIndex, int endIndex) { return Character.codePointCount(this, beginIndex, endIndex); } public int compareTo(String other) { return compareTo(this, other); } public int compareToIgnoreCase(String other) { return compareTo(toLowerCase(), other.toLowerCase()); } public native String concat(String str) /*-{ return this + str; }-*/; public boolean contains(CharSequence s) { return indexOf(s.toString()) != -1; } public boolean contentEquals(CharSequence cs) { return equals(cs.toString()); } public boolean contentEquals(StringBuffer sb) { return equals(sb.toString()); } public native boolean endsWith(String suffix) /*-{ return (this.lastIndexOf(suffix) != -1) && (this.lastIndexOf(suffix) == (this.length - suffix.length)); }-*/; @Override public boolean equals(Object other) { if (!(other instanceof String)) { return false; } return __equals(this, other); } public native boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String other) /*-{ if (other == null) return false; return (this == other) || (this.toLowerCase() == other.toLowerCase()); }-*/; public byte[] getBytes() { // default character set for GWT is UTF-8 return getBytesUtf8(this); } public byte[] getBytes(String charSet) throws UnsupportedEncodingException { if (CHARSET_UTF8.equals(charSet)) { return getBytesUtf8(this); } if (CHARSET_8859_1.equals(charSet) || CHARSET_LATIN1.equals(charSet)) { return getBytesLatin1(this); } throw new UnsupportedEncodingException(charSet + " is not supported"); } public void getChars(int srcBegin, int srcEnd, char[] dst, int dstBegin) { for (int srcIdx = srcBegin; srcIdx < srcEnd; ++srcIdx) { dst[dstBegin++] = charAt(srcIdx); } } @Override public int hashCode() { return HashCache.getHashCode(this); } public int indexOf(int codePoint) { return indexOf(fromCodePoint(codePoint)); } public int indexOf(int codePoint, int startIndex) { return this.indexOf(String.fromCodePoint(codePoint), startIndex); } public native int indexOf(String str) /*-{ return this.indexOf(str); }-*/; public native int indexOf(String str, int startIndex) /*-{ return this.indexOf(str, startIndex); }-*/; public native String intern() /*-{ return String(this); }-*/; public native boolean isEmpty() /*-{ return !this.length; }-*/; public int lastIndexOf(int codePoint) { return lastIndexOf(fromCodePoint(codePoint)); } public int lastIndexOf(int codePoint, int startIndex) { return lastIndexOf(fromCodePoint(codePoint), startIndex); } public native int lastIndexOf(String str) /*-{ return this.lastIndexOf(str); }-*/; public native int lastIndexOf(String str, int start) /*-{ return this.lastIndexOf(str, start); }-*/; public native int length() /*-{ return this.length; }-*/; /** * Regular expressions vary from the standard implementation. The * <code>regex</code> parameter is interpreted by JavaScript as a JavaScript * regular expression. For consistency, use only the subset of regular * expression syntax common to both Java and JavaScript. * * TODO(jat): properly handle Java regex syntax */ public native boolean matches(String regex) /*-{ var matchObj = new RegExp(regex).exec(this); // if there is no match at all, matchObj will be null // matchObj[0] is the entire matched string return (matchObj == null) ? false : (this == matchObj[0]); }-*/; public int offsetByCodePoints(int index, int codePointOffset) { return Character.offsetByCodePoints(this, index, codePointOffset); } public boolean regionMatches(boolean ignoreCase, int toffset, String other, int ooffset, int len) { if (other == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } return regionMatches(this, ignoreCase, toffset, other, ooffset, len); } public boolean regionMatches(int toffset, String other, int ooffset, int len) { if (other == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } return regionMatches(this, false, toffset, other, ooffset, len); } public native String replace(char from, char to) /*-{ // We previously used \\uXXXX, but Safari 2 doesn't match them properly // in RegExp // See http://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8043 // http://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6257 // http://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=7253 var regex; if (from < 256) { regex = @java.lang.Integer::toHexString(I)(from); regex = '\\x' + "00".substring(regex.length) + regex; } else { // this works because characters above 255 can't be regex special chars regex = String.fromCharCode(from); } return this.replace(RegExp(regex, "g"), String.fromCharCode(to)); }-*/; public String replace(CharSequence from, CharSequence to) { // Implementation note: This uses a regex replacement instead of // a string literal replacement because Safari does not // follow the spec for "$$" in the replacement string: it // will insert a literal "$$". IE and Firefox, meanwhile, // treat "$$" as "$". // Escape regex special characters from literal replacement string. String regex = from.toString().replaceAll("([/\\\\\\.\\*\\+\\?\\|\\(\\)\\[\\]\\{\\}$^])", "\\\\$1"); // Escape $ since it is for match backrefs and \ since it is used to escape // $. String replacement = to.toString().replaceAll("\\\\", "\\\\\\\\").replaceAll("\\$", "\\\\$"); return replaceAll(regex, replacement); } /** * Regular expressions vary from the standard implementation. The * <code>regex</code> parameter is interpreted by JavaScript as a JavaScript * regular expression. For consistency, use only the subset of regular * expression syntax common to both Java and JavaScript. * * TODO(jat): properly handle Java regex syntax */ public native String replaceAll(String regex, String replace) /*-{ replace = @java.lang.String::__translateReplaceString(Ljava/lang/String;)(replace); return this.replace(RegExp(regex, "g"), replace); }-*/; /** * Regular expressions vary from the standard implementation. The * <code>regex</code> parameter is interpreted by JavaScript as a JavaScript * regular expression. For consistency, use only the subset of regular * expression syntax common to both Java and JavaScript. * * TODO(jat): properly handle Java regex syntax */ public native String replaceFirst(String regex, String replace) /*-{ replace = @java.lang.String::__translateReplaceString(Ljava/lang/String;)(replace); return this.replace(RegExp(regex), replace); }-*/; /** * Regular expressions vary from the standard implementation. The * <code>regex</code> parameter is interpreted by JavaScript as a JavaScript * regular expression. For consistency, use only the subset of regular * expression syntax common to both Java and JavaScript. */ public String[] split(String regex) { return split(regex, 0); } /** * Regular expressions vary from the standard implementation. The * <code>regex</code> parameter is interpreted by JavaScript as a JavaScript * regular expression. For consistency, use only the subset of regular * expression syntax common to both Java and JavaScript. * * TODO(jat): properly handle Java regex syntax */ public native String[] split(String regex, int maxMatch) /*-{ // The compiled regular expression created from the string var compiled = new RegExp(regex, "g"); // the Javascipt array to hold the matches prior to conversion var out = []; // how many matches performed so far var count = 0; // The current string that is being matched; trimmed as each piece matches var trail = this; // used to detect repeated zero length matches // Must be null to start with because the first match of "" makes no // progress by intention var lastTrail = null; // We do the split manually to avoid Javascript incompatibility while (true) { // None of the information in the match returned are useful as we have no // subgroup handling var matchObj = compiled.exec(trail); if (matchObj == null || trail == "" || (count == (maxMatch - 1) && maxMatch > 0)) { out[count] = trail; break; } else { out[count] = trail.substring(0, matchObj.index); trail = trail.substring(matchObj.index + matchObj[0].length, trail.length); // Force the compiled pattern to reset internal state compiled.lastIndex = 0; // Only one zero length match per character to ensure termination if (lastTrail == trail) { out[count] = trail.substring(0, 1); trail = trail.substring(1); } lastTrail = trail; count++; } } // all blank delimiters at the end are supposed to disappear if maxMatch == 0; // however, if the input string is empty, the output should consist of a // single empty string if (maxMatch == 0 && this.length > 0) { var lastNonEmpty = out.length; while (lastNonEmpty > 0 && out[lastNonEmpty - 1] == "") { --lastNonEmpty; } if (lastNonEmpty < out.length) { out.splice(lastNonEmpty, out.length - lastNonEmpty); } } var jr = @java.lang.String::__createArray(I)(out.length); for ( var i = 0; i < out.length; ++i) { jr[i] = out[i]; } return jr; }-*/; public boolean startsWith(String prefix) { return indexOf(prefix) == 0; } public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int toffset) { if (toffset < 0 || toffset >= length()) { return false; } else { return indexOf(prefix, toffset) == toffset; } } public CharSequence subSequence(int beginIndex, int endIndex) { return this.substring(beginIndex, endIndex); } public native String substring(int beginIndex) /*-{ return this.substr(beginIndex, this.length - beginIndex); }-*/; public native String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex) /*-{ return this.substr(beginIndex, endIndex - beginIndex); }-*/; public char[] toCharArray() { int n = this.length(); char[] charArr = new char[n]; getChars(0, n, charArr, 0); return charArr; } public native String toLowerCase() /*-{ return this.toLowerCase(); }-*/; @Override public String toString() { return this; } public native String toUpperCase() /*-{ return this.toUpperCase(); }-*/; public native String trim() /*-{ if (this.length == 0 || (this[0] > '\u0020' && this[this.length - 1] > '\u0020')) { return this; } var r1 = this.replace(/^(\s*)/, ''); var r2 = r1.replace(/\s*$/, ''); return r2; }-*/; }