/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.hadoop.fs.loadGenerator;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
/**
* This program generates a random namespace structure with the following
* constraints:
* 1. The number of subdirectories is a random number in [minWidth, maxWidth].
* 2. The maximum depth of each subdirectory is a random number
* [2*maxDepth/3, maxDepth].
* 3. Files are randomly placed in the empty directories. The size of each
* file follows Gaussian distribution.
* The generated namespace structure is described by two files in the output
* directory. Each line of the first file
* contains the full name of a leaf directory.
* Each line of the second file contains
* the full name of a file and its size, separated by a blank.
*
* The synopsis of the command is
* java StructureGenerator
-maxDepth <maxDepth> : maximum depth of the directory tree; default is 5.
-minWidth <minWidth> : minimum number of subdirectories per directories; default is 1
-maxWidth <maxWidth> : maximum number of subdirectories per directories; default is 5
-numOfFiles <#OfFiles> : the total number of files; default is 10.
-avgFileSize <avgFileSizeInBlocks>: average size of blocks; default is 1.
-outDir <outDir>: output directory; default is the current directory.
-seed <seed>: random number generator seed; default is the current time.
*/
public class StructureGenerator {
private int maxDepth = 5;
private int minWidth = 1;
private int maxWidth = 5;
private int numOfFiles = 10;
private double avgFileSize = 1;
private File outDir = DEFAULT_STRUCTURE_DIRECTORY;
final static private String USAGE = "java StructureGenerator\n" +
"-maxDepth <maxDepth>\n" +
"-minWidth <minWidth>\n" +
"-maxWidth <maxWidth>\n" +
"-numOfFiles <#OfFiles>\n" +
"-avgFileSize <avgFileSizeInBlocks>\n" +
"-outDir <outDir>\n" +
"-seed <seed>";
private Random r = null;
/** Default directory for storing file/directory structure */
final static File DEFAULT_STRUCTURE_DIRECTORY = new File(".");
/** The name of the file for storing directory structure */
final static String DIR_STRUCTURE_FILE_NAME = "dirStructure";
/** The name of the file for storing file structure */
final static String FILE_STRUCTURE_FILE_NAME = "fileStructure";
/** The name prefix for the files created by this program */
final static String FILE_NAME_PREFIX = "_file_";
/**
* The main function first parses the command line arguments,
* then generates in-memory directory structure and outputs to a file,
* last generates in-memory files and outputs them to a file.
*/
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
int exitCode = 0;
exitCode = init(args);
if (exitCode != 0) {
return exitCode;
}
genDirStructure();
output(new File(outDir, DIR_STRUCTURE_FILE_NAME));
genFileStructure();
outputFiles(new File(outDir, FILE_STRUCTURE_FILE_NAME));
return exitCode;
}
/** Parse the command line arguments and initialize the data */
private int init(String[] args) {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) { // parse command line
if (args[i].equals("-maxDepth")) {
maxDepth = Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
if (maxDepth<1) {
System.err.println("maxDepth must be positive: " + maxDepth);
return -1;
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-minWidth")) {
minWidth = Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
if (minWidth<0) {
System.err.println("minWidth must be positive: " + minWidth);
return -1;
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-maxWidth")) {
maxWidth = Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
} else if (args[i].equals("-numOfFiles")) {
numOfFiles = Integer.parseInt(args[++i]);
if (numOfFiles<1) {
System.err.println("NumOfFiles must be positive: " + numOfFiles);
return -1;
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-avgFileSize")) {
avgFileSize = Double.parseDouble(args[++i]);
if (avgFileSize<=0) {
System.err.println("AvgFileSize must be positive: " + avgFileSize);
return -1;
}
} else if (args[i].equals("-outDir")) {
outDir = new File(args[++i]);
} else if (args[i].equals("-seed")) {
r = new Random(Long.parseLong(args[++i]));
} else {
System.err.println(USAGE);
ToolRunner.printGenericCommandUsage(System.err);
return -1;
}
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.err.println("Illegal parameter: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
System.err.println(USAGE);
return -1;
}
if (maxWidth < minWidth) {
System.err.println(
"maxWidth must be bigger than minWidth: " + maxWidth);
return -1;
}
if (r==null) {
r = new Random();
}
return 0;
}
/** In memory representation of a directory */
private static class INode {
private String name;
private List<INode> children = new ArrayList<INode>();
/** Constructor */
private INode(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/** Add a child (subdir/file) */
private void addChild(INode child) {
children.add(child);
}
/** Output the subtree rooted at the current node.
* Only the leaves are printed.
*/
private void output(PrintStream out, String prefix) {
prefix = prefix==null?name:prefix+"/"+name;
if (children.isEmpty()) {
out.println(prefix);
} else {
for (INode child : children) {
child.output(out, prefix);
}
}
}
/** Output the files in the subtree rooted at this node */
protected void outputFiles(PrintStream out, String prefix) {
prefix = prefix==null?name:prefix+"/"+name;
for (INode child : children) {
child.outputFiles(out, prefix);
}
}
/** Add all the leaves in the subtree to the input list */
private void getLeaves(List<INode> leaves) {
if (children.isEmpty()) {
leaves.add(this);
} else {
for (INode child : children) {
child.getLeaves(leaves);
}
}
}
}
/** In memory representation of a file */
private static class FileINode extends INode {
private double numOfBlocks;
/** constructor */
private FileINode(String name, double numOfBlocks) {
super(name);
this.numOfBlocks = numOfBlocks;
}
/** Output a file attribute */
protected void outputFiles(PrintStream out, String prefix) {
prefix = (prefix == null)?super.name: prefix + "/"+super.name;
out.println(prefix + " " + numOfBlocks);
}
}
private INode root;
/** Generates a directory tree with a max depth of <code>maxDepth</code> */
private void genDirStructure() {
root = genDirStructure("", maxDepth);
}
/** Generate a directory tree rooted at <code>rootName</code>
* The number of subtree is in the range of [minWidth, maxWidth].
* The maximum depth of each subtree is in the range of
* [2*maxDepth/3, maxDepth].
*/
private INode genDirStructure(String rootName, int maxDepth) {
INode root = new INode(rootName);
if (maxDepth>0) {
maxDepth--;
int minDepth = maxDepth*2/3;
// Figure out the number of subdirectories to generate
int numOfSubDirs = minWidth + r.nextInt(maxWidth-minWidth+1);
// Expand the tree
for (int i=0; i<numOfSubDirs; i++) {
int childDepth = (maxDepth == 0)?0:
(r.nextInt(maxDepth-minDepth+1)+minDepth);
INode child = genDirStructure("dir"+i, childDepth);
root.addChild(child);
}
}
return root;
}
/** Collects leaf nodes in the tree */
private List<INode> getLeaves() {
List<INode> leaveDirs = new ArrayList<INode>();
root.getLeaves(leaveDirs);
return leaveDirs;
}
/** Decides where to place all the files and its length.
* It first collects all empty directories in the tree.
* For each file, it randomly chooses an empty directory to place the file.
* The file's length is generated using Gaussian distribution.
*/
private void genFileStructure() {
List<INode> leaves = getLeaves();
int totalLeaves = leaves.size();
for (int i=0; i<numOfFiles; i++) {
int leaveNum = r.nextInt(totalLeaves);
double fileSize;
do {
fileSize = r.nextGaussian()+avgFileSize;
} while (fileSize<0);
leaves.get(leaveNum).addChild(
new FileINode(FILE_NAME_PREFIX+i, fileSize));
}
}
/** Output directory structure to a file, each line of the file
* contains the directory name. Only empty directory names are printed. */
private void output(File outFile) throws FileNotFoundException {
System.out.println("Printing to " + outFile.toString());
PrintStream out = new PrintStream(outFile);
root.output(out, null);
out.close();
}
/** Output all files' attributes to a file, each line of the output file
* contains a file name and its length. */
private void outputFiles(File outFile) throws FileNotFoundException {
System.out.println("Printing to " + outFile.toString());
PrintStream out = new PrintStream(outFile);
root.outputFiles(out, null);
out.close();
}
/**
* Main program
* @param args Command line arguments
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
StructureGenerator sg = new StructureGenerator();
System.exit(sg.run(args));
}
}