/* This file is part of VoltDB.
* Copyright (C) 2008-2017 VoltDB Inc.
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
* a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
* the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
* OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
* ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
* OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
/*
* This samples uses the native asynchronous request processing protocol
* to post requests to the VoltDB server, thus leveraging to the maximum
* VoltDB's ability to run requests in parallel on multiple database
* partitions, and multiple servers.
*
* While asynchronous processing is (marginally) more convoluted to work
* with and not adapted to all workloads, it is the preferred interaction
* model to VoltDB as it guarantees blazing performance.
*
* Because there is a risk of 'firehosing' a database cluster (if the
* cluster is too slow (slow or too few CPUs), this sample performs
* self-tuning to target a specific latency (10ms by default).
* This tuning process, as demonstrated here, is important and should be
* part of your pre-launch evalution so you can adequately provision your
* VoltDB cluster with the number of servers required for your needs.
*/
package voltkv;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import org.voltdb.CLIConfig;
import org.voltdb.VoltTable;
import org.voltdb.client.Client;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientConfig;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientFactory;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientResponse;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStats;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStatsContext;
import org.voltdb.client.ClientStatusListenerExt;
import org.voltdb.client.NullCallback;
import org.voltdb.client.ProcedureCallback;
public class AsyncBenchmark {
// handy, rather than typing this out several times
static final String HORIZONTAL_RULE =
"----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "----------" +
"----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "----------" + "\n";
// validated command line configuration
final KVConfig config;
// Reference to the database connection we will use
final Client client;
// Timer for periodic stats printing
Timer timer;
// Benchmark start time
long benchmarkStartTS;
// Get a payload generator to create random Key-Value pairs to store in the database
// and process (uncompress) pairs retrieved from the database.
final PayloadProcessor processor;
// random number generator with constant seed
final Random rand = new Random(0);
// Statistics manager objects from the client
final ClientStatsContext periodicStatsContext;
final ClientStatsContext fullStatsContext;
// kv benchmark state
final AtomicLong successfulGets = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong missedGets = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong failedGets = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong rawGetData = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong networkGetData = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong successfulPuts = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong failedPuts = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong rawPutData = new AtomicLong(0);
final AtomicLong networkPutData = new AtomicLong(0);
/**
* Uses included {@link CLIConfig} class to
* declaratively state command line options with defaults
* and validation.
*/
static class KVConfig extends CLIConfig {
@Option(desc = "Interval for performance feedback, in seconds.")
long displayinterval = 5;
@Option(desc = "Benchmark duration, in seconds.")
int duration = 120;
@Option(desc = "Warmup duration in seconds.")
int warmup = 5;
@Option(desc = "Comma separated list of the form server[:port] to connect to.")
String servers = "localhost";
@Option(desc = "Number of keys to preload.")
int poolsize = 100000;
@Option(desc = "Whether to preload a specified number of keys and values.")
boolean preload = true;
@Option(desc = "Fraction of ops that are gets (vs puts).")
double getputratio = 0.90;
@Option(desc = "Size of keys in bytes.")
int keysize = 32;
@Option(desc = "Minimum value size in bytes.")
int minvaluesize = 1024;
@Option(desc = "Maximum value size in bytes.")
int maxvaluesize = 1024;
@Option(desc = "Number of values considered for each value byte.")
int entropy = 127;
@Option(desc = "Compress values on the client side.")
boolean usecompression= false;
@Option(desc = "Maximum TPS rate for benchmark.")
int ratelimit = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
@Option(desc = "Report latency for async benchmark run.")
boolean latencyreport = false;
@Option(desc = "Filename to write raw summary statistics to.")
String statsfile = "";
@Option(desc = "Enable topology awareness")
boolean topologyaware = false;
@Option(desc = "Enable SSL, Optionally provide configuration file.")
String sslfile = "";
@Override
public void validate() {
if (duration <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("duration must be > 0");
if (warmup < 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("warmup must be >= 0");
if (displayinterval <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("displayinterval must be > 0");
if (poolsize <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("poolsize must be > 0");
if (getputratio < 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("getputratio must be >= 0");
if (getputratio > 1) exitWithMessageAndUsage("getputratio must be <= 1");
if (keysize <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("keysize must be > 0");
if (keysize > 250) exitWithMessageAndUsage("keysize must be <= 250");
if (minvaluesize <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("minvaluesize must be > 0");
if (maxvaluesize <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("maxvaluesize must be > 0");
if (entropy <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("entropy must be > 0");
if (entropy > 127) exitWithMessageAndUsage("entropy must be <= 127");
if (ratelimit <= 0) exitWithMessageAndUsage("ratelimit must be > 0");
}
}
/**
* Provides a callback to be notified on node failure.
* This example only logs the event.
*/
class StatusListener extends ClientStatusListenerExt {
@Override
public void connectionLost(String hostname, int port, int connectionsLeft, DisconnectCause cause) {
// if the benchmark is still active
if ((System.currentTimeMillis() - benchmarkStartTS) < (config.duration * 1000)) {
System.err.printf("Connection to %s:%d was lost.\n", hostname, port);
}
}
}
/**
* Constructor for benchmark instance.
* Configures VoltDB client and prints configuration.
*
* @param config Parsed & validated CLI options.
*/
public AsyncBenchmark(KVConfig config) {
this.config = config;
ClientConfig clientConfig = new ClientConfig("", "", new StatusListener());
if (config.sslfile.trim().length() > 0) {
clientConfig.setTrustStoreConfigFromPropertyFile(config.sslfile);
clientConfig.enableSSL();
}
clientConfig.setMaxTransactionsPerSecond(config.ratelimit);
if (config.topologyaware) {
clientConfig.setTopologyChangeAware(true);
}
client = ClientFactory.createClient(clientConfig);
periodicStatsContext = client.createStatsContext();
fullStatsContext = client.createStatsContext();
processor = new PayloadProcessor(config.keysize, config.minvaluesize,
config.maxvaluesize, config.entropy, config.poolsize, config.usecompression);
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Command Line Configuration");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(config.getConfigDumpString());
if(config.latencyreport) {
System.out.println("NOTICE: Option latencyreport is ON for async run, please set a reasonable ratelimit.\n");
}
}
/**
* Connect to a single server with retry. Limited exponential backoff.
* No timeout. This will run until the process is killed if it's not
* able to connect.
*
* @param server hostname:port or just hostname (hostname can be ip).
*/
void connectToOneServerWithRetry(String server) {
int sleep = 1000;
while (true) {
try {
client.createConnection(server);
break;
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.printf("Connection failed - retrying in %d second(s).\n", sleep / 1000);
try { Thread.sleep(sleep); } catch (Exception interruted) {}
if (sleep < 8000) sleep += sleep;
}
}
System.out.printf("Connected to VoltDB node at: %s.\n", server);
}
/**
* Connect to a set of servers in parallel. Each will retry until
* connection. This call will block until all have connected.
*
* @param servers A comma separated list of servers using the hostname:port
* syntax (where :port is optional).
* @throws InterruptedException if anything bad happens with the threads.
*/
void connect(String servers) throws InterruptedException {
System.out.println("Connecting to VoltDB...");
String[] serverArray = servers.split(",");
if (config.topologyaware) {
connectToOneServerWithRetry(serverArray[0]);
} else {
final CountDownLatch connections = new CountDownLatch(serverArray.length);
// use a new thread to connect to each server
for (final String server : serverArray) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
connectToOneServerWithRetry(server);
connections.countDown();
}
}).start();
}
// block until all have connected
connections.await();
}
}
/**
* Create a Timer task to display performance data on the Vote procedure
* It calls printStatistics() every displayInterval seconds
*/
public void schedulePeriodicStats() {
timer = new Timer();
TimerTask statsPrinting = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() { printStatistics(); }
};
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(statsPrinting,
config.displayinterval * 1000,
config.displayinterval * 1000);
}
/**
* Prints a one line update on performance that can be printed
* periodically during a benchmark.
*/
public synchronized void printStatistics() {
ClientStats stats = periodicStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline().getStats();
long time = Math.round((stats.getEndTimestamp() - benchmarkStartTS) / 1000.0);
System.out.printf("%02d:%02d:%02d ", time / 3600, (time / 60) % 60, time % 60);
System.out.printf("Throughput %d/s, ", stats.getTxnThroughput());
System.out.printf("Aborts/Failures %d/%d",
stats.getInvocationAborts(), stats.getInvocationErrors());
if(this.config.latencyreport) {
System.out.printf(", Avg/95%% Latency %.2f/%.2fms", stats.getAverageLatency(),
stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(0.95));
}
System.out.printf("\n");
}
/**
* Prints the results of the voting simulation and statistics
* about performance.
*
* @throws Exception if anything unexpected happens.
*/
public synchronized void printResults() throws Exception {
ClientStats stats = fullStatsContext.fetch().getStats();
// 1. Get/Put performance results
String display = "\n" +
HORIZONTAL_RULE +
" KV Store Results\n" +
HORIZONTAL_RULE +
"\nA total of %,d operations were posted...\n" +
" - GETs: %,9d Operations (%,d Misses and %,d Failures)\n" +
" %,9d MB in compressed store data\n" +
" %,9d MB in uncompressed application data\n" +
" Network Throughput: %6.3f Gbps*\n" +
" - PUTs: %,9d Operations (%,d Failures)\n" +
" %,9d MB in compressed store data\n" +
" %,9d MB in uncompressed application data\n" +
" Network Throughput: %6.3f Gbps*\n" +
" - Total Network Throughput: %6.3f Gbps*\n\n" +
"* Figure includes key & value traffic but not database protocol overhead.\n\n";
double oneGigabit = (1024 * 1024 * 1024) / 8;
long oneMB = (1024 * 1024);
double getThroughput = networkGetData.get() + (successfulGets.get() * config.keysize);
getThroughput /= (oneGigabit * config.duration);
long totalPuts = successfulPuts.get() + failedPuts.get();
double putThroughput = networkGetData.get() + (totalPuts * config.keysize);
putThroughput /= (oneGigabit * config.duration);
System.out.printf(display,
stats.getInvocationsCompleted(),
successfulGets.get(), missedGets.get(), failedGets.get(),
networkGetData.get() / oneMB,
rawGetData.get() / oneMB,
getThroughput,
successfulPuts.get(), failedPuts.get(),
networkPutData.get() / oneMB,
rawPutData.get() / oneMB,
putThroughput,
getThroughput + putThroughput);
// 2. Performance statistics
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Client Workload Statistics");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.printf("Average throughput: %,9d txns/sec\n", stats.getTxnThroughput());
if(this.config.latencyreport) {
System.out.printf("Average latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.getAverageLatency());
System.out.printf("10th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.1));
System.out.printf("25th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.25));
System.out.printf("50th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.5));
System.out.printf("75th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.75));
System.out.printf("90th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.9));
System.out.printf("95th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.95));
System.out.printf("99th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.99));
System.out.printf("99.5th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.995));
System.out.printf("99.9th percentile latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.kPercentileLatencyAsDouble(.999));
System.out.print("\n" + HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" System Server Statistics");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.printf("Reported Internal Avg Latency: %,9.2f ms\n", stats.getAverageInternalLatency());
System.out.print("\n" + HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Latency Histogram");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(stats.latencyHistoReport());
}
// 3. Write stats to file if requested
client.writeSummaryCSV(stats, config.statsfile);
}
/**
* Callback to handle the response to a stored procedure call.
* Tracks response types.
*
*/
class GetCallback implements ProcedureCallback {
@Override
public void clientCallback(ClientResponse response) throws Exception {
// Track the result of the operation (Success, Failure, Payload traffic...)
if (response.getStatus() == ClientResponse.SUCCESS) {
final VoltTable pairData = response.getResults()[0];
// Cache miss (Key does not exist)
if (pairData.getRowCount() == 0) {
missedGets.incrementAndGet();
}
else {
final PayloadProcessor.Pair pair =
processor.retrieveFromStore(pairData.fetchRow(0).getString(0),
pairData.fetchRow(0).getVarbinary(1));
successfulGets.incrementAndGet();
networkGetData.addAndGet(pair.getStoreValueLength());
rawGetData.addAndGet(pair.getRawValueLength());
}
}
else {
failedGets.incrementAndGet();
}
}
}
class PutCallback implements ProcedureCallback {
final long storeValueLength;
final long rawValueLength;
PutCallback(PayloadProcessor.Pair pair) {
storeValueLength = pair.getStoreValueLength();
rawValueLength = pair.getRawValueLength();
}
@Override
public void clientCallback(ClientResponse response) throws Exception {
// Track the result of the operation (Success, Failure, Payload traffic...)
if (response.getStatus() == ClientResponse.SUCCESS) {
successfulPuts.incrementAndGet();
}
else {
failedPuts.incrementAndGet();
}
networkPutData.addAndGet(storeValueLength);
rawPutData.addAndGet(rawValueLength);
}
}
/**
* Core benchmark code.
* Connect. Initialize. Run the loop. Cleanup. Print Results.
*
* @throws Exception if anything unexpected happens.
*/
public void runBenchmark() throws Exception {
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Setup & Initialization");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
// connect to one or more servers, loop until success
connect(config.servers);
// preload keys if requested
System.out.println();
if (config.preload) {
System.out.println("Preloading data store...");
for(int i=0; i < config.poolsize; i++) {
client.callProcedure(new NullCallback(),
"STORE.upsert",
String.format(processor.KeyFormat, i),
processor.generateForStore().getStoreValue());
}
client.drain();
System.out.println("Preloading complete.\n");
}
System.out.print(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
System.out.println(" Starting Benchmark");
System.out.println(HORIZONTAL_RULE);
// Run the benchmark loop for the requested warmup time
// The throughput may be throttled depending on client configuration
System.out.println("Warming up...");
final long warmupEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + (1000l * config.warmup);
while (warmupEndTime > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
// Decide whether to perform a GET or PUT operation
if (rand.nextDouble() < config.getputratio) {
// Get a key/value pair using inbuilt select procedure, asynchronously
client.callProcedure(new NullCallback(), "STORE.select", processor.generateRandomKeyForRetrieval());
}
else {
// Put a key/value pair using inbuilt upsert procedure, asynchronously
final PayloadProcessor.Pair pair = processor.generateForStore();
client.callProcedure(new NullCallback(), "STORE.upsert", pair.Key, pair.getStoreValue());
}
}
// reset the stats after warmup
fullStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline();
periodicStatsContext.fetchAndResetBaseline();
// print periodic statistics to the console
benchmarkStartTS = System.currentTimeMillis();
schedulePeriodicStats();
// Run the benchmark loop for the requested duration
// The throughput may be throttled depending on client configuration
System.out.println("\nRunning benchmark...");
final long benchmarkEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + (1000l * config.duration);
while (benchmarkEndTime > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
// Decide whether to perform a GET or PUT operation
if (rand.nextDouble() < config.getputratio) {
// Get a key/value pair using inbuilt select procedure, asynchronously
client.callProcedure(new GetCallback(), "STORE.select", processor.generateRandomKeyForRetrieval());
}
else {
// Put a key/value pair using inbuilt upsert procedure, asynchronously
final PayloadProcessor.Pair pair = processor.generateForStore();
client.callProcedure(new PutCallback(pair), "STORE.upsert", pair.Key, pair.getStoreValue());
}
}
// cancel periodic stats printing
timer.cancel();
// block until all outstanding txns return
client.drain();
// print the summary results
printResults();
// close down the client connections
client.close();
}
/**
* Main routine creates a benchmark instance and kicks off the run method.
*
* @param args Command line arguments.
* @throws Exception if anything goes wrong.
* @see {@link KVConfig}
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a configuration from the arguments
KVConfig config = new KVConfig();
config.parse(AsyncBenchmark.class.getName(), args);
AsyncBenchmark benchmark = new AsyncBenchmark(config);
benchmark.runBenchmark();
}
}