Hibernate Many To Many Relation Mapping Example

By admin | February 15, 2014 | Updated : May 23, 2016 hibernate, No Comments

Hibernate Many To Many Relation Mapping Example explains about how to implement a Many to Many relationship by using Hibernate

many-to-many entity relationship, each record of an entity have multiple records in other associated entity and vice versa

On this standalone Hibernate Many To Many Mapping Example, we are using Hibernate With MySQL Database.

Note

You can also check following related Hibernate Tutorial Series

1)    Hibernate One To One Relation Mapping Example
2)    Hibernate One To Many Relation Mapping Example
3)    Hibernate Many To One Relation Mapping Example
4)    Hibernate Many To Many Relation Mapping Example

Let us see how to implement Many-to-Many relationship using Hibernate

Required Libraries

You need to download

Following jar must be in classpath

antlr-2.7.7.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.3.1.Final.jar
hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.1.Final.jar
jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.28-bin.jar

Note

By using hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto property, hibernate automatically create below table structure, so you only need to have the following property in hibernate.cfg.xml

Table structure

create table `employee` (
	`EMPLOYEEID` double ,
	`EMPLOYEENAME` varchar (765)
); 


create table `employee_event` (
	`EMPLOYEEID` double ,
	`EVENTID` double 
);

create table `event` (
	`EVENTID` double ,
	`EVENTNAME` varchar (765)
);

Create Employee & Event model classes as per the above table structure

Employee.java

package com.hibernate.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;

@Entity
public class Employee implements java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEEID")
    private long employeeId;
    @Column(name = "EMPLOYEENAME")
    private String employeeName;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
    @JoinTable(name = "EMPLOYEE_EVENT", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "EMPLOYEEID") },
    inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "EVENTID") })
    private Set<Event> events = new HashSet<Event>();

    public Employee() {
        super();
    }

    public Employee(String employeeName) {
        super();
        this.employeeName = employeeName;
    }

    public long getEmployeeId() {
        return employeeId;
    }

    public void setEmployeeId(long employeeId) {
        this.employeeId = employeeId;
    }

    public String getEmployeeName() {
        return employeeName;
    }

    public void setEmployeeName(String employeeName) {
        this.employeeName = employeeName;
    }

    public Set<Event> getEvents() {
        return events;
    }

    public void setEvents(Set<Event> events) {
        this.events = events;
    }

}

Event.java

package com.hibernate.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;

@Entity
public class Event implements java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name = "EVENTID")
    private long eventID;
    @Column(name = "EVENTNAME")
    private String eventName;

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="events")
    private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>();

    public Event() {
        super();
    }

    public Event(String eventName) {
        this.eventName = eventName;
    }

    public long getEventID() {
        return eventID;
    }

    public void setEventID(long eventID) {
        this.eventID = eventID;
    }

    public String getEventName() {
        return eventName;
    }

    public void setEventName(String eventName) {
        this.eventName = eventName;
    }

    public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
        return employees;
    }

    public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
        this.employees = employees;
    }



}

@ManyToMany(cascade = { CascadeType.ALL }) annotation is used for linking each record of Employee table with Event table and vice versa
@JoinTable(name = "EMPLOYEE_EVENT", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "EMPLOYEEID") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "EVENTID") }) is used to define the join table, here it is "EMPLOYEE_EVENT", which is connecting 2 columns ie; EMPLOYEEID belongs to employee table & EVENTID belongs to event table
@Entity declares the class as an entity (i.e. a persistent POJO class)
@Table is set at the class level; it allows you to define the table, catalog, and schema names for your entity mapping. If no @Table is defined the default values are used: the unqualified class name of the entity.
@Id declares the identifier property of this entity.
@GeneratedValue annotation is used to specify the primary key generation strategy to use. If the strategy is not specified by default AUTO will be used.
@Column annotation is used to specify the details of the column to which a field or property will be mapped. If the @Column annotation is not specified by default the property name will be used as the column name.

HibernateUtil.java

package com.hibernate.manytomany;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;

public class HibernateUtil {

    private static SessionFactory    sessionFactory;
    private static ServiceRegistry    serviceRegistry;

    public static SessionFactory createSessionFactory() {
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.configure("/META-INF/hibernate.cfg.xml");
        serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
                .build();
        sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        return sessionFactory;
    }
}

hibernate.cfg.xml

hibernate.cfg.xml file must be under src/META-INF (Please check the screenshot(project structure)


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">root</property>
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</property>
        <mapping class="com.hibernate.manytomany.Employee"/>
        <mapping class="com.hibernate.manytomany.Event"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Project Structure

Now project structure looks like following

Just execute below class and see the output

HibernateManyToManyExample.java

package com.hibernate.manytomany;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.hibernate.manytomany.Event;
import com.hibernate.manytomany.Employee;

public class HibernateManyToManyExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.createSessionFactory().openSession();
        Transaction transaction = null;
        try {

            transaction = session.beginTransaction();

            Event event1 = new Event("Quaterly Sales meeting");
            Event event2 = new Event("Weekly Status meeting");

            Employee employee1 = new Employee("Rockey");
            Employee employee2 = new Employee("Jose");

            employee1.getEvents().add(event1);
            employee1.getEvents().add(event2);

            employee2.getEvents().add(event1);
            employee2.getEvents().add(event2);

            session.save(employee1);
            session.save(employee2);

            transaction.commit();

        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            transaction.rollback();
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            session.close();
        }
    }
}

Output

EMPLOYEEID	EMPLOYEENAME
1	Rockey
2	Jose

EMPLOYEEID	EVENTID
1	1
2	1
1	2
2	2

EVENTID	EVENTNAME
1	Weekly Status meeting
2	Quaterly Sales meeting

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