/* * Copyright (c) 2007 - 2008 by Damien Di Fede <ddf@compartmental.net> * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as published * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU Library General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public * License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */ package ddf.minim.effects; import ddf.minim.AudioEffect; import ddf.minim.UGen; /** * An Infinite Impulse Response, or IIR, filter is a filter that uses a set of * coefficients and previous filtered values to filter a stream of audio. It is * an efficient way to do digital filtering. IIRFilter is a general IIRFilter * that simply applies the filter designated by the filter coefficients so that * sub-classes only have to dictate what the values of those coefficients are by * defining the <code>calcCoeff()</code> function. When filling the * coefficient arrays, be aware that <code>b[0]</code> corresponds to * <code>b<sub>1</sub></code>. * * @author Damien Di Fede * */ public abstract class IIRFilter extends UGen implements AudioEffect { public final UGenInput audio; public final UGenInput cutoff; /** The a coefficients. */ protected float[] a; /** The b coefficients. */ protected float[] b; /** The input values to the left of the output value currently being calculated. */ private float[][] in; /** The previous output values. */ private float[][] out; private float prevCutoff; /** * Constructs an IIRFilter with the given cutoff frequency that will be used * to filter audio recorded at <code>sampleRate</code>. * * @param freq * the cutoff frequency * @param sampleRate * the sample rate of audio to be filtered */ public IIRFilter(float freq, float sampleRate) { super(); setSampleRate(sampleRate); audio = new UGenInput(InputType.AUDIO); cutoff = new UGenInput(InputType.CONTROL); // set our center frequency cutoff.setLastValue(freq); // force use to calculate coefficients the first time we generate prevCutoff = -1.f; } /** * Initializes the in and out arrays based on the number of coefficients being * used. * */ private final void initArrays(int numChannels) { int memSize = (a.length >= b.length) ? a.length : b.length; in = new float[numChannels][memSize]; out = new float[numChannels][memSize]; } public final synchronized void uGenerate(float[] channels) { // make sure our coefficients are up-to-date if ( cutoff.getLastValue() != prevCutoff ) { calcCoeff(); prevCutoff = cutoff.getLastValue(); } // make sure we have enough filter buffers if ( in == null || in.length < channels.length || (in[0].length < a.length && in[0].length < b.length) ) { initArrays(channels.length); } // apply the filter to the sample value in each channel for(int i = 0; i < channels.length; i++) { System.arraycopy(in[i], 0, in[i], 1, in[i].length - 1); in[i][0] = audio.getLastValues()[i]; float y = 0; for(int ci = 0; ci < a.length; ci++) { y += a[ci] * in[i][ci]; } for(int ci = 0; ci < b.length; ci++) { y += b[ci] * out[i][ci]; } System.arraycopy(out[i], 0, out[i], 1, out[i].length - 1); out[i][0] = y; channels[i] = y; } } public final synchronized void process(float[] signal) { setChannelCount( 1 ); float[] tmp = new float[1]; for (int i = 0; i < signal.length; i++) { audio.setLastValue( signal[i] ); uGenerate(tmp); signal[i] = tmp[0]; } } public final synchronized void process(float[] sigLeft, float[] sigRight) { setChannelCount( 2 ); float[] tmp = new float[2]; for (int i = 0; i < sigLeft.length; i++) { audio.getLastValues()[0] = sigLeft[i]; audio.getLastValues()[1] = sigRight[i]; uGenerate(tmp); sigLeft[i] = tmp[0]; sigRight[i] = tmp[1]; } } /** * Sets the cutoff/center frequency of the filter. * Doing this causes the coefficients to be recalculated. * * @param f * the new cutoff/center frequency (in Hz). */ public final synchronized void setFreq(float f) { // no need to recalc if the cutoff isn't actually changing if ( validFreq(f) && f != cutoff.getLastValue() ) { prevCutoff = f; cutoff.setLastValue(f); calcCoeff(); } } /** * Returns true if the frequency is valid for this filter. Subclasses can * override this method if they want to limit center frequencies to certain * ranges to avoid becoming unstable. The default implementation simply * makes sure that <code>f</code> is positive. * * @param f the frequency (in Hz) to validate * @return true if <code>f</code> is a valid frequency for this filter */ public boolean validFreq(float f) { return f > 0; } /** * Returns the cutoff frequency (in Hz). * * @return the current cutoff frequency (in Hz). */ public final float frequency() { return cutoff.getLastValue(); } /** * Calculates the coefficients of the filter using the current cutoff * frequency. To make your own IIRFilters, you must extend IIRFilter and * implement this function. The frequency is expressed as a fraction of the * sample rate. When filling the coefficient arrays, be aware that * <code>b[0]</code> corresponds to the coefficient <code>b<sub>1</sub></code>. * */ protected abstract void calcCoeff(); /** * Prints the current values of the coefficients to the console. * */ public final void printCoeff() { System.out.println("Filter coefficients: "); if ( a != null ) { for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) { System.out.print(" A" + i + ": " + a[i]); } } System.out.println(); if ( b != null ) { for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) { System.out.print(" B" + (i + 1) + ": " + b[i]); } System.out.println(); } } }