/*
* @(#)CIELABColorSpace.java
*
* Copyright (c) 2010 The authors and contributors of JHotDraw.
*
* You may not use, copy or modify this file, except in compliance with the
* accompanying license terms.
*/
package org.jhotdraw.color;
import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
/**
* The 1976 CIE L*a*b* color space (CIELAB). <p> The L* coordinate of an object
* is the lightness intensity as measured on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0
* represents black and 100 represents white. <p> The a* coordinate of an object
* represents the position of the object’s color on a pure green and pure red
* scale, where -127 represents pure green and +127 represents pure red. <p> The
* b* coordinate represents the position of the object’s color on a pure blue
* and pure yellow scale, where -127 represents pure blue and +127 represents
* pure yellow. <p> The distance that can be calculated between two colors, is
* directly proportional to the difference between the two colors as perceived
* by the human eye. <p> The above description has been derived from <a
* href="http://www.optelvision.com/documents/optel-vision-s-explanation-on-cielab-color-space.pdf">
* http://www.optelvision.com/documents/optel-vision-s-explanation-on-cielab-color-space.pdf
* </a>
*
* @author Werner Randelshofer
* @version $Id$
*/
public class CIELABColorSpace extends AbstractNamedColorSpace {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* The XYZ coordinates of the CIE Standard Illuminant D65 reference white.
*/
private static final double[] D65 = {0.9505d, 1d, 1.0890d};
/**
* The X coordinate of the reference white.
*/
private double Xw;
/**
* The Y coordinate of the reference white.
*/
private double Yw;
/**
* The Z coordinate of the reference white.
*/
private double Zw;
/**
* Epsilon
*/
private static final double eps = 216d / 24389d;
private static final double k = 24389d / 27d;
public enum OutsideGamutHandling {
CLAMP,
LEAVE_OUTSIDE
};
/**
* By default, clamps non-displayable RGB values.
*/
private OutsideGamutHandling outsideGamutHandling = OutsideGamutHandling.CLAMP;
public CIELABColorSpace() {
super(ColorSpace.TYPE_Lab, 3);
Xw = D65[0];
Yw = D65[1];
Zw = D65[2];
}
@Override
public float[] toRGB(float[] colorvalue, float[] rgb) {
float[] ciexyz=rgb;
toCIEXYZ(colorvalue,ciexyz);
// Convert to sRGB as described in
// http://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html
double X = ciexyz[0];
double Y = ciexyz[1];
double Z = ciexyz[2];
double Rs = 3.2410 * X + -1.5374 * Y + -0.4986 * Z;
double Gs = -0.9692 * X + 1.8760 * Y + -0.0416 * Z;
double Bs = 0.0556 * X + -0.2040 * Y + 1.0570 * Z;
if (Rs <= 0.00304) {
Rs = 12.92 * Rs;
} else {
Rs = 1.055 * Math.pow(Rs, 1d / 2.4) - 0.055;
}
if (Gs <= 0.00304) {
Gs = 12.92 * Gs;
} else {
Gs = 1.055 * Math.pow(Gs, 1d / 2.4) - 0.055;
}
if (Bs <= 0.00304) {
Bs = 12.92 * Bs;
} else {
Bs = 1.055 * Math.pow(Bs, 1d / 2.4) - 0.055;
}
switch (outsideGamutHandling) {
case CLAMP:
Rs = Math.min(1, Math.max(0, Rs));
Gs = Math.min(1, Math.max(0, Gs));
Bs = Math.min(1, Math.max(0, Bs));
break;
}
rgb[0]=(float) Rs;
rgb[1]=(float) Gs;
rgb[2]=(float) Bs;
return rgb;
}
@Override
public float[] fromRGB(float[] rgb, float[] component) {
ColorUtil.RGBtoCIEXYZ(rgb, rgb);
return fromCIEXYZ(rgb, component);
}
/**
* Lab to XYZ.
* <pre>
* X = xr*Xw;
* Y = yr*Yw;
* Z = zr*Zw;
* </pre> where
* <pre>
* xr = fx^3, if fx^3 > eps
* = (116*fx - 16)/k, if fx^3 <= eps
*
* yr = ((L+16)/116)^3, if L > k*eps
* = L/k, if L <= k*eps
*
* zr = fz^3, if fz^3 > eps
* = (116*fz - 16)/k, if fz^3 <= eps
*
* fx = a/500+fy
*
* fz = fy - b / 200
*
* fy = (L+16)/116
*
* eps = 216/24389
* k = 24389/27
* </pre>
*
* Source: <a href="http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Equations.html"
* >http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Equations.html</a>
*
* @param colorvalue Lab color value.
* @return CIEXYZ color value.
*/
@Override
public float[] toCIEXYZ(float[] colorvalue, float[] xyz) {
double L = colorvalue[0];
double a = colorvalue[1];
double b = colorvalue[2];
double fy = (L + 16d) / 116d;
double fx = a / 500d + fy;
double fz = fy - b / 200d;
double xr, yr, zr;
double fxp3 = fx * fx * fx;
if (fxp3 > eps) {
xr = fxp3;
} else {
xr = (116d * fx - 16d) / k;
}
if (L > k * eps) {
yr = ((L + 16d) / 116d);
yr = yr * yr * yr;
} else {
yr = L / k;
}
double fzp3 = fz * fz * fz;
if (fzp3 > eps) {
zr = fzp3;
} else {
zr = (116d * fz - 16f) / k;
}
double X = xr * Xw;
double Y = yr * Yw;
double Z = zr * Zw;
xyz[0]=(float) X; xyz[1]=(float) Y;xyz[2]=(float) Z;
return xyz;
}
/**
* XYZ to Lab.
* <pre>
* L = 116*fy - 16
* a = 500 * (fx - fy)
* b = 200 * (fy - fz)
* </pre> where
* <pre>
* fx = xr^(1/3), if xr > eps
* = (k*xr + 16) / 116 if xr <= eps
*
* fy = yr^(1/3), if yr > eps
* = (k*yr + 16) / 116 if yr <= eps
*
* fz = zr^(1/3), if zr > eps
* = (k*zr + 16) / 116 if zr <= eps
*
* xr = X / Xw
* yr = Y / Yw
* zr = Z / Zw
*
* eps = 216/24389
* k = 24389/27
* </pre>
*
* Source: <a href="http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Equations.html"
* >http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Equations.html</a>
*
* @param colorvalue CIEXYZ color value.
* @return Lab color value.
*/
@Override
public float[] fromCIEXYZ(float[] colorvalue, float[] xyz) {
double X = colorvalue[0];
double Y = colorvalue[1];
double Z = colorvalue[2];
double xr = X / Xw;
double yr = Y / Yw;
double zr = Z / Zw;
double fx, fy, fz;
if (xr > eps) {
fx = Math.pow(xr, 1d / 3d);
} else {
fx = (k * xr + 16d) / 116d;
}
if (yr > eps) {
fy = Math.pow(yr, 1d / 3d);
} else {
fy = (k * yr + 16d) / 116d;
}
if (zr > eps) {
fz = Math.pow(zr, 1d / 3d);
} else {
fz = (k * zr + 16) / 116;
}
double L = 116d * fy - 16;
double a = 500d * (fx - fy);
double b = 200d * (fy - fz);
xyz[0] = (float) L;
xyz[1] = (float) a;
xyz[2] = (float) b;
return xyz;
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return "CIE 1976 L*a*b*";
}
@Override
public float getMinValue(int component) {
switch (component) {
case 0:
return 0f;
case 1:
case 2:
return -128f;
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal component:" + component);
}
@Override
public float getMaxValue(int component) {
switch (component) {
case 0:
return 100f;
case 1:
case 2:
return 127f;
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal component:" + component);
}
@Override
public String getName(int component) {
switch (component) {
case 0:
return "L*";
case 1:
return "a*";
case 2:
return "b*";
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal component:" + component);
}
public void setOutsideGamutHandling(OutsideGamutHandling b) {
outsideGamutHandling = b;
}
public OutsideGamutHandling getOutsideGamutHandling() {
return outsideGamutHandling;
}
public static void main(String[] arg) {
CIELABColorSpace cs = new CIELABColorSpace();
float[] lab = cs.fromRGB(new float[]{1, 1, 1});
System.out.println("rgb->lab:" + lab[0] + "," + lab[1] + "," + lab[2]);
float[] xyz = cs.toCIEXYZ(new float[]{0.75f, 0.25f, 0.1f});
System.out.println(" lab->xyz:" + xyz[0] + "," + xyz[1] + "," + xyz[2]);
lab = cs.fromCIEXYZ(xyz);
System.out.println("R xyz->LCHab:" + lab[0] + "," + lab[1] + "," + lab[2]);
lab = cs.fromCIEXYZ(new float[]{1, 1, 1});
System.out.println("xyz->lab:" + lab[0] + "," + lab[1] + "," + lab[2]);
lab = cs.fromCIEXYZ(new float[]{0.5f, 1, 1});
System.out.println("xyz->lab:" + lab[0] + "," + lab[1] + "," + lab[2]);
}
}