/* * Copyright (C) 2013 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.example.bluetooth.le; import android.app.Service; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Binder; import android.os.IBinder; import android.util.Log; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.UUID; /** * Service for managing connection and data communication with a GATT server hosted on a * given Bluetooth LE device. */ public class BluetoothLeService extends Service { private final static String TAG = BluetoothLeService.class.getSimpleName(); private BluetoothManager mBluetoothManager; private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; private HashMap<BluetoothGatt, ConnectionState> gattMap = new HashMap<BluetoothGatt, ConnectionState>(); enum ConnectionState{ STATE_DISCONNECTED1, STATE_CONNECTING1, STATE_CONNECTED1 } public final static String ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED"; public final static String ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED"; public final static String ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE = "com.example.bluetooth.le.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE"; public final static String EXTRA_DATA = "com.example.bluetooth.le.EXTRA_DATA"; public final static String BLE_SERVICE = "com.example.bluetooth.le.BLE_SERVICE"; public final static String GATT_HASHCODE = "com.example.bluetooth.le.GATT_HASHCODE"; public final static String DEVICE_UID = "com.example.bluetooth.le.device_uid"; public final static UUID UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT = UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT); // Implements callback methods for GATT events that the app cares about. For example, // connection change and services discovered. private final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() { @Override public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) { String intentAction; if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) { intentAction = ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED; gattMap.put(gatt, ConnectionState.STATE_CONNECTED1); broadcastUpdate(gatt, intentAction); Log.i(TAG, "Connected to GATT server."); // Attempts to discover services after successful connection. Log.i(TAG, "Attempting to start service discovery:" + gatt.discoverServices()); } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) { intentAction = ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED; gattMap.put(gatt, ConnectionState.STATE_DISCONNECTED1); Log.i(TAG, "Disconnected from GATT server."); broadcastUpdate(gatt, intentAction); } } @Override public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { broadcastUpdate(gatt, ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED); } else { Log.w(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered received: " + status); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { broadcastUpdate(gatt, ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } } @Override public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { broadcastUpdate(gatt, ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE, characteristic); } }; private void broadcastUpdate(final BluetoothGatt gatt, final String action) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); intent.putExtra(GATT_HASHCODE, gatt.hashCode()); sendBroadcast(intent); } private void broadcastUpdate(final BluetoothGatt gatt, final String action, final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { final Intent intent = new Intent(action); intent.putExtra(GATT_HASHCODE, gatt.hashCode()); // This is special handling for the Heart Rate Measurement profile. Data parsing is // carried out as per profile specifications: // http://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/characteristics/Pages/CharacteristicViewer.aspx?u=org.bluetooth.characteristic.heart_rate_measurement.xml if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { int flag = characteristic.getProperties(); int format = -1; if ((flag & 0x01) != 0) { format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT16; Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT16."); } else { format = BluetoothGattCharacteristic.FORMAT_UINT8; Log.d(TAG, "Heart rate format UINT8."); } final int heartRate = characteristic.getIntValue(format, 1); Log.d(TAG, String.format("Received heart rate: %d", heartRate)); intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, String.valueOf(heartRate)); intent.putExtra(DEVICE_UID, gatt.getDevice().getName()+":"+gatt.getDevice().getAddress()); } else { // For all other profiles, writes the data formatted in HEX. final byte[] data = characteristic.getValue(); if (data != null && data.length > 0) { final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(data.length); for(byte byteChar : data) stringBuilder.append(String.format("%02X ", byteChar)); intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DATA, new String(data) + "\n" + stringBuilder.toString()); } } sendBroadcast(intent); } public class LocalBinder extends Binder { public BluetoothLeService getService() { return BluetoothLeService.this; } } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return mBinder; } @Override public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) { // After using a given device, you should make sure that BluetoothGatt.close() is called // such that resources are cleaned up properly. In this particular example, close() is // invoked when the UI is disconnected from the Service. close(); return super.onUnbind(intent); } private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder(); /** * Initializes a reference to the local Bluetooth adapter. * * @return Return true if the initialization is successful. */ public boolean initialize() { // For API level 18 and above, get a reference to BluetoothAdapter through // BluetoothManager. if (mBluetoothManager == null) { mBluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE); if (mBluetoothManager == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize BluetoothManager."); return false; } } mBluetoothAdapter = mBluetoothManager.getAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Log.e(TAG, "Unable to obtain a BluetoothAdapter."); return false; } return true; } /** * Connects to the GATT server hosted on the Bluetooth LE device. * * @param address The device address of the destination device. * * @return Return true if the connection is initiated successfully. The connection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public boolean connect(final String address) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || address == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized or unspecified address."); return false; } final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); if (device == null) { Log.w(TAG, "Device not found. Unable to connect."); return false; } // We want to directly connect to the device, so we are setting the autoConnect // parameter to false. BluetoothGatt gatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, mGattCallback); Log.d(TAG, "Trying to create a new connection."); ConnectionState state = ConnectionState.STATE_CONNECTING1; gattMap.put(gatt, state); return true; } /** * Disconnects an existing connection or cancel a pending connection. The disconnection result * is reported asynchronously through the * {@code BluetoothGattCallback#onConnectionStateChange(android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt, int, int)} * callback. */ public void disconnect() { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null){// || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } //mBluetoothGatt.disconnect(); for(BluetoothGatt gatt : gattMap.keySet()) gatt.disconnect(); } public void reconnect() { for(BluetoothGatt gatt : gattMap.keySet()) connect(gatt.getDevice().getAddress()); } /** * After using a given BLE device, the app must call this method to ensure resources are * released properly. */ public void close() { gattMap.clear(); } public BluetoothGatt findGattbyHashcode(int hashcode){ if(null == gattMap || 1 > gattMap.size()) return null; for(BluetoothGatt gatt : gattMap.keySet()){ if(gatt.hashCode() == hashcode) return gatt; } return null; } /** * Enables or disables notification on a give characteristic. * * @param characteristic Characteristic to act on. * @param enabled If true, enable notification. False otherwise. */ public void setCharacteristicNotification(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean enabled) { if (mBluetoothAdapter == null){// || mBluetoothGatt == null) { Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized"); return; } gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, enabled); // This is specific to Heart Rate Measurement. if (UUID_HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT.equals(characteristic.getUuid())) { BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = characteristic.getDescriptor(UUID.fromString(SampleGattAttributes.CLIENT_CHARACTERISTIC_CONFIG)); descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); gatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); } } /** * Retrieves a list of supported GATT services on the connected device. This should be * invoked only after {@code BluetoothGatt#discoverServices()} completes successfully. * * @return A {@code List} of supported services. */ public List<BluetoothGattService> getSupportedGattServices(int gattHashcode) { BluetoothGatt gatt = findGattbyHashcode(gattHashcode); if (gatt == null) return null; return gatt.getServices(); } }