/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.catalina.startup;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.util.HashMap;
import org.apache.catalina.Authenticator;
import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.Engine;
import org.apache.catalina.Host;
import org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener;
import org.apache.catalina.Loader;
import org.apache.catalina.Realm;
import org.apache.catalina.Valve;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService;
import org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappLoader;
import org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport;
import org.apache.catalina.util.StringManager;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.IntrospectionUtils;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.log.SystemLogHandler;
/**
* Convenience class to embed a Catalina servlet container environment
* inside another application. You must call the methods of this class in the
* following order to ensure correct operation.
*
* <ul>
* <li>Instantiate a new instance of this class.</li>
* <li>Set the relevant properties of this object itself. In particular,
* you will want to establish the default Logger to be used, as well
* as the default Realm if you are using container-managed security.</li>
* <li>Call <code>createEngine()</code> to create an Engine object, and then
* call its property setters as desired.</li>
* <li>Call <code>createHost()</code> to create at least one virtual Host
* associated with the newly created Engine, and then call its property
* setters as desired. After you customize this Host, add it to the
* corresponding Engine with <code>engine.addChild(host)</code>.</li>
* <li>Call <code>createContext()</code> to create at least one Context
* associated with each newly created Host, and then call its property
* setters as desired. You <strong>SHOULD</strong> create a Context with
* a pathname equal to a zero-length string, which will be used to process
* all requests not mapped to some other Context. After you customize
* this Context, add it to the corresponding Host with
* <code>host.addChild(context)</code>.</li>
* <li>Call <code>addEngine()</code> to attach this Engine to the set of
* defined Engines for this object.</li>
* <li>Call <code>createConnector()</code> to create at least one TCP/IP
* connector, and then call its property setters as desired.</li>
* <li>Call <code>addConnector()</code> to attach this Connector to the set
* of defined Connectors for this object. The added Connector will use
* the most recently added Engine to process its received requests.</li>
* <li>Repeat the above series of steps as often as required (although there
* will typically be only one Engine instance created).</li>
* <li>Call <code>start()</code> to initiate normal operations of all the
* attached components.</li>
* </ul>
*
* After normal operations have begun, you can add and remove Connectors,
* Engines, Hosts, and Contexts on the fly. However, once you have removed
* a particular component, it must be thrown away -- you can create a new one
* with the same characteristics if you merely want to do a restart.
* <p>
* To initiate a normal shutdown, call the <code>stop()</code> method of
* this object.
* <p>
* @see org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina#main For a complete example
* of how Tomcat is set up and launched as an Embedded application.
*
* @author Craig R. McClanahan
*
*/
public class Embedded extends StandardService implements Lifecycle {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Embedded.class);
// ----------------------------------------------------------- Constructors
/**
* Construct a new instance of this class with default properties.
*/
public Embedded() {
this(null);
}
/**
* Construct a new instance of this class with specified properties.
*
* @param realm Realm implementation to be inherited by all components
* (unless overridden further down the container hierarchy)
*/
public Embedded(Realm realm) {
super();
setRealm(realm);
setSecurityProtection();
}
// ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
/**
* Is naming enabled ?
*/
protected boolean useNaming = true;
/**
* Is standard streams redirection enabled ?
*/
protected boolean redirectStreams = true;
/**
* The set of Engines that have been deployed in this server. Normally
* there will only be one.
*/
protected Engine engines[] = new Engine[0];
/**
* Custom mappings of login methods to authenticators
*/
protected HashMap authenticators;
/**
* Descriptive information about this server implementation.
*/
protected static final String info =
"org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded/1.0";
/**
* The lifecycle event support for this component.
*/
protected LifecycleSupport lifecycle = new LifecycleSupport(this);
/**
* The default realm to be used by all containers associated with
* this compoennt.
*/
protected Realm realm = null;
/**
* The string manager for this package.
*/
protected static StringManager sm =
StringManager.getManager(Constants.Package);
/**
* Has this component been started yet?
*/
protected boolean started = false;
/**
* Use await.
*/
protected boolean await = false;
// ------------------------------------------------------------- Properties
/**
* Return true if naming is enabled.
*/
public boolean isUseNaming() {
return (this.useNaming);
}
/**
* Enables or disables naming support.
*
* @param useNaming The new use naming value
*/
public void setUseNaming(boolean useNaming) {
boolean oldUseNaming = this.useNaming;
this.useNaming = useNaming;
support.firePropertyChange("useNaming", new Boolean(oldUseNaming),
new Boolean(this.useNaming));
}
/**
* Return true if redirction of standard streams is enabled.
*/
public boolean isRedirectStreams() {
return (this.redirectStreams);
}
/**
* Enables or disables naming support.
*
* @param redirectStreams The new redirection value
*/
public void setRedirectStreams(boolean redirectStreams) {
boolean oldRedirectStreams = this.redirectStreams;
this.redirectStreams = redirectStreams;
support.firePropertyChange("redirectStreams", new Boolean(oldRedirectStreams),
new Boolean(this.redirectStreams));
}
/**
* Return the default Realm for our Containers.
*/
public Realm getRealm() {
return (this.realm);
}
/**
* Set the default Realm for our Containers.
*
* @param realm The new default realm
*/
public void setRealm(Realm realm) {
Realm oldRealm = this.realm;
this.realm = realm;
support.firePropertyChange("realm", oldRealm, this.realm);
}
public void setAwait(boolean b) {
await = b;
}
public boolean isAwait() {
return await;
}
public void setCatalinaHome( String s ) {
System.setProperty( "catalina.home", s);
}
public void setCatalinaBase( String s ) {
System.setProperty( "catalina.base", s);
}
public String getCatalinaHome() {
return System.getProperty("catalina.home");
}
public String getCatalinaBase() {
return System.getProperty("catalina.base");
}
// --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods
/**
* Add a new Connector to the set of defined Connectors. The newly
* added Connector will be associated with the most recently added Engine.
*
* @param connector The connector to be added
*
* @exception IllegalStateException if no engines have been added yet
*/
public synchronized void addConnector(Connector connector) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() ) {
log.debug("Adding connector (" + connector.getInfo() + ")");
}
// Make sure we have a Container to send requests to
if (engines.length < 1)
throw new IllegalStateException
(sm.getString("embedded.noEngines"));
/*
* Add the connector. This will set the connector's container to the
* most recently added Engine
*/
super.addConnector(connector);
}
/**
* Add a new Engine to the set of defined Engines.
*
* @param engine The engine to be added
*/
public synchronized void addEngine(Engine engine) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Adding engine (" + engine.getInfo() + ")");
// Add this Engine to our set of defined Engines
Engine results[] = new Engine[engines.length + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++)
results[i] = engines[i];
results[engines.length] = engine;
engines = results;
// Start this Engine if necessary
if (started && (engine instanceof Lifecycle)) {
try {
((Lifecycle) engine).start();
} catch (LifecycleException e) {
log.error("Engine.start", e);
}
}
this.container = engine;
}
/**
* Create, configure, and return a new TCP/IP socket connector
* based on the specified properties.
*
* @param address InetAddress to bind to, or <code>null</code> if the
* connector is supposed to bind to all addresses on this server
* @param port Port number to listen to
* @param secure true if the generated connector is supposed to be
* SSL-enabled, and false otherwise
*/
public Connector createConnector(InetAddress address, int port,
boolean secure) {
return createConnector(address != null? address.toString() : null,
port, secure);
}
public Connector createConnector(String address, int port,
boolean secure) {
String protocol = "http";
if (secure) {
protocol = "https";
}
return createConnector(address, port, protocol);
}
public Connector createConnector(InetAddress address, int port,
String protocol) {
return createConnector(address != null? address.toString() : null,
port, protocol);
}
public Connector createConnector(String address, int port,
String protocol) {
Connector connector = null;
if (address != null) {
/*
* InetAddress.toString() returns a string of the form
* "<hostname>/<literal_IP>". Get the latter part, so that the
* address can be parsed (back) into an InetAddress using
* InetAddress.getByName().
*/
int index = address.indexOf('/');
if (index != -1) {
address = address.substring(index + 1);
}
}
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Creating connector for address='" +
((address == null) ? "ALL" : address) +
"' port='" + port + "' protocol='" + protocol + "'");
}
try {
if (protocol.equals("ajp")) {
connector = new Connector("org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler");
} else if (protocol.equals("memory")) {
connector = new Connector("org.apache.coyote.memory.MemoryProtocolHandler");
} else if (protocol.equals("http")) {
connector = new Connector();
} else if (protocol.equals("https")) {
connector = new Connector();
connector.setScheme("https");
connector.setSecure(true);
connector.setProperty("SSLEnabled","true");
// FIXME !!!! SET SSL PROPERTIES
} else {
connector = new Connector(protocol);
}
if (address != null) {
IntrospectionUtils.setProperty(connector, "address",
"" + address);
}
IntrospectionUtils.setProperty(connector, "port", "" + port);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("Couldn't create connector.");
}
return (connector);
}
/**
* Create, configure, and return a Context that will process all
* HTTP requests received from one of the associated Connectors,
* and directed to the specified context path on the virtual host
* to which this Context is connected.
* <p>
* After you have customized the properties, listeners, and Valves
* for this Context, you must attach it to the corresponding Host
* by calling:
* <pre>
* host.addChild(context);
* </pre>
* which will also cause the Context to be started if the Host has
* already been started.
*
* @param path Context path of this application ("" for the default
* application for this host, must start with a slash otherwise)
* @param docBase Absolute pathname to the document base directory
* for this web application
*
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if an invalid parameter
* is specified
*/
public Context createContext(String path, String docBase) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Creating context '" + path + "' with docBase '" +
docBase + "'");
StandardContext context = new StandardContext();
context.setDocBase(docBase);
context.setPath(path);
ContextConfig config = new ContextConfig();
config.setCustomAuthenticators(authenticators);
((Lifecycle) context).addLifecycleListener(config);
return (context);
}
/**
* Create, configure, and return an Engine that will process all
* HTTP requests received from one of the associated Connectors,
* based on the specified properties.
*/
public Engine createEngine() {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Creating engine");
StandardEngine engine = new StandardEngine();
// Default host will be set to the first host added
engine.setRealm(realm); // Inherited by all children
return (engine);
}
/**
* Create, configure, and return a Host that will process all
* HTTP requests received from one of the associated Connectors,
* and directed to the specified virtual host.
* <p>
* After you have customized the properties, listeners, and Valves
* for this Host, you must attach it to the corresponding Engine
* by calling:
* <pre>
* engine.addChild(host);
* </pre>
* which will also cause the Host to be started if the Engine has
* already been started. If this is the default (or only) Host you
* will be defining, you may also tell the Engine to pass all requests
* not assigned to another virtual host to this one:
* <pre>
* engine.setDefaultHost(host.getName());
* </pre>
*
* @param name Canonical name of this virtual host
* @param appBase Absolute pathname to the application base directory
* for this virtual host
*
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if an invalid parameter
* is specified
*/
public Host createHost(String name, String appBase) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Creating host '" + name + "' with appBase '" +
appBase + "'");
StandardHost host = new StandardHost();
host.setAppBase(appBase);
host.setName(name);
return (host);
}
/**
* Create and return a class loader manager that can be customized, and
* then attached to a Context, before it is started.
*
* @param parent ClassLoader that will be the parent of the one
* created by this Loader
*/
public Loader createLoader(ClassLoader parent) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Creating Loader with parent class loader '" +
parent + "'");
WebappLoader loader = new WebappLoader(parent);
return (loader);
}
/**
* Return descriptive information about this Server implementation and
* the corresponding version number, in the format
* <code><description>/<version></code>.
*/
public String getInfo() {
return (info);
}
/**
* Remove the specified Context from the set of defined Contexts for its
* associated Host. If this is the last Context for this Host, the Host
* will also be removed.
*
* @param context The Context to be removed
*/
public synchronized void removeContext(Context context) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Removing context[" + context.getPath() + "]");
// Is this Context actually among those that are defined?
boolean found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
Container hosts[] = engines[i].findChildren();
for (int j = 0; j < hosts.length; j++) {
Container contexts[] = hosts[j].findChildren();
for (int k = 0; k < contexts.length; k++) {
if (context == (Context) contexts[k]) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (found)
break;
}
if (found)
break;
}
if (!found)
return;
// Remove this Context from the associated Host
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug(" Removing this Context");
context.getParent().removeChild(context);
}
/**
* Remove the specified Engine from the set of defined Engines, along with
* all of its related Hosts and Contexts. All associated Connectors are
* also removed.
*
* @param engine The Engine to be removed
*/
public synchronized void removeEngine(Engine engine) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Removing engine (" + engine.getInfo() + ")");
// Is the specified Engine actually defined?
int j = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
if (engine == engines[i]) {
j = i;
break;
}
}
if (j < 0)
return;
// Remove any Connector that is using this Engine
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug(" Removing related Containers");
while (true) {
int n = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < connectors.length; i++) {
if (connectors[i].getContainer() == (Container) engine) {
n = i;
break;
}
}
if (n < 0)
break;
removeConnector(connectors[n]);
}
// Stop this Engine if necessary
if (engine instanceof Lifecycle) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug(" Stopping this Engine");
try {
((Lifecycle) engine).stop();
} catch (LifecycleException e) {
log.error("Engine.stop", e);
}
}
// Remove this Engine from our set of defined Engines
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug(" Removing this Engine");
int k = 0;
Engine results[] = new Engine[engines.length - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
if (i != j)
results[k++] = engines[i];
}
engines = results;
}
/**
* Remove the specified Host, along with all of its related Contexts,
* from the set of defined Hosts for its associated Engine. If this is
* the last Host for this Engine, the Engine will also be removed.
*
* @param host The Host to be removed
*/
public synchronized void removeHost(Host host) {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Removing host[" + host.getName() + "]");
// Is this Host actually among those that are defined?
boolean found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
Container hosts[] = engines[i].findChildren();
for (int j = 0; j < hosts.length; j++) {
if (host == (Host) hosts[j]) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (found)
break;
}
if (!found)
return;
// Remove this Host from the associated Engine
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug(" Removing this Host");
host.getParent().removeChild(host);
}
/*
* Maps the specified login method to the specified authenticator, allowing
* the mappings in org/apache/catalina/startup/Authenticators.properties
* to be overridden.
*
* @param authenticator Authenticator to handle authentication for the
* specified login method
* @param loginMethod Login method that maps to the specified authenticator
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified authenticator does not
* implement the org.apache.catalina.Valve interface
*/
public void addAuthenticator(Authenticator authenticator,
String loginMethod) {
if (!(authenticator instanceof Valve)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
sm.getString("embedded.authenticatorNotInstanceOfValve"));
}
if (authenticators == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (authenticators == null) {
authenticators = new HashMap();
}
}
}
authenticators.put(loginMethod, authenticator);
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ Lifecycle Methods
/**
* Add a lifecycle event listener to this component.
*
* @param listener The listener to add
*/
public void addLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycle.addLifecycleListener(listener);
}
/**
* Get the lifecycle listeners associated with this lifecycle. If this
* Lifecycle has no listeners registered, a zero-length array is returned.
*/
public LifecycleListener[] findLifecycleListeners() {
return lifecycle.findLifecycleListeners();
}
/**
* Remove a lifecycle event listener from this component.
*
* @param listener The listener to remove
*/
public void removeLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycle.removeLifecycleListener(listener);
}
/**
* Prepare for the beginning of active use of the public methods of this
* component. This method should be called after <code>configure()</code>,
* and before any of the public methods of the component are utilized.
*
* @exception LifecycleException if this component detects a fatal error
* that prevents this component from being used
*/
public void start() throws LifecycleException {
if( log.isInfoEnabled() )
log.info("Starting tomcat server");
// Validate the setup of our required system properties
initDirs();
// Initialize some naming specific properties
initNaming();
// Validate and update our current component state
if (started)
throw new LifecycleException
(sm.getString("embedded.alreadyStarted"));
lifecycle.fireLifecycleEvent(START_EVENT, null);
started = true;
initialized = true;
// Start our defined Engines first
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
if (engines[i] instanceof Lifecycle)
((Lifecycle) engines[i]).start();
}
// Start our defined Connectors second
for (int i = 0; i < connectors.length; i++) {
connectors[i].initialize();
if (connectors[i] instanceof Lifecycle)
((Lifecycle) connectors[i]).start();
}
}
/**
* Gracefully terminate the active use of the public methods of this
* component. This method should be the last one called on a given
* instance of this component.
*
* @exception LifecycleException if this component detects a fatal error
* that needs to be reported
*/
public void stop() throws LifecycleException {
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Stopping embedded server");
// Validate and update our current component state
if (!started)
throw new LifecycleException
(sm.getString("embedded.notStarted"));
lifecycle.fireLifecycleEvent(STOP_EVENT, null);
started = false;
// Stop our defined Connectors first
for (int i = 0; i < connectors.length; i++) {
if (connectors[i] instanceof Lifecycle)
((Lifecycle) connectors[i]).stop();
}
// Stop our defined Engines second
for (int i = 0; i < engines.length; i++) {
if (engines[i] instanceof Lifecycle)
((Lifecycle) engines[i]).stop();
}
}
// ------------------------------------------------------ Protected Methods
/** Initialize naming - this should only enable java:env and root naming.
* If tomcat is embeded in an application that already defines those -
* it shouldn't do it.
*
* XXX The 2 should be separated, you may want to enable java: but not
* the initial context and the reverse
* XXX Can we "guess" - i.e. lookup java: and if something is returned assume
* false ?
* XXX We have a major problem with the current setting for java: url
*/
protected void initNaming() {
// Setting additional variables
if (!useNaming) {
log.info( "Catalina naming disabled");
System.setProperty("catalina.useNaming", "false");
} else {
System.setProperty("catalina.useNaming", "true");
String value = "org.apache.naming";
String oldValue =
System.getProperty(javax.naming.Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES);
if (oldValue != null) {
value = value + ":" + oldValue;
}
System.setProperty(javax.naming.Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, value);
if( log.isDebugEnabled() )
log.debug("Setting naming prefix=" + value);
value = System.getProperty
(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY);
if (value == null) {
System.setProperty
(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY,
"org.apache.naming.java.javaURLContextFactory");
} else {
log.debug( "INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY already set " + value );
}
}
}
protected void initDirs() {
String catalinaHome = System.getProperty("catalina.home");
if (catalinaHome == null) {
// Backwards compatibility patch for J2EE RI 1.3
String j2eeHome = System.getProperty("com.sun.enterprise.home");
if (j2eeHome != null) {
catalinaHome=System.getProperty("com.sun.enterprise.home");
} else if (System.getProperty("catalina.base") != null) {
catalinaHome = System.getProperty("catalina.base");
} else {
// Use IntrospectionUtils and guess the dir
catalinaHome = IntrospectionUtils.guessInstall
("catalina.home", "catalina.base", "catalina.jar");
if (catalinaHome == null) {
catalinaHome = IntrospectionUtils.guessInstall
("tomcat.install", "catalina.home", "tomcat.jar");
}
}
}
// last resort - for minimal/embedded cases.
if(catalinaHome==null) {
catalinaHome=System.getProperty("user.dir");
}
if (catalinaHome != null) {
File home = new File(catalinaHome);
if (!home.isAbsolute()) {
try {
catalinaHome = home.getCanonicalPath();
} catch (IOException e) {
catalinaHome = home.getAbsolutePath();
}
}
System.setProperty("catalina.home", catalinaHome);
}
if (System.getProperty("catalina.base") == null) {
System.setProperty("catalina.base",
catalinaHome);
} else {
String catalinaBase = System.getProperty("catalina.base");
File base = new File(catalinaBase);
if (!base.isAbsolute()) {
try {
catalinaBase = base.getCanonicalPath();
} catch (IOException e) {
catalinaBase = base.getAbsolutePath();
}
}
System.setProperty("catalina.base", catalinaBase);
}
String temp = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
if (temp == null || (!(new File(temp)).exists())
|| (!(new File(temp)).isDirectory())) {
log.error(sm.getString("embedded.notmp", temp));
}
}
protected void initStreams() {
if (redirectStreams) {
// Replace System.out and System.err with a custom PrintStream
SystemLogHandler systemlog = new SystemLogHandler(System.out);
System.setOut(systemlog);
System.setErr(systemlog);
}
}
// -------------------------------------------------------- Private Methods
/**
* Set the security package access/protection.
*/
protected void setSecurityProtection(){
SecurityConfig securityConfig = SecurityConfig.newInstance();
securityConfig.setPackageDefinition();
securityConfig.setPackageAccess();
}
}