package org.ow2.easywsdl.u.exception; import org.ow2.easywsdl.u.ArrayUtils; import org.ow2.easywsdl.u.ClassUtils; import org.ow2.easywsdl.u.StringUtils; import org.ow2.easywsdl.u.SystemUtils; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.StringTokenizer; public class ExceptionUtils { /** * <p>The names of methods commonly used to access a wrapped exception.</p> */ private static String[] CAUSE_METHOD_NAMES = { "getCause", "getNextException", "getTargetException", "getException", "getSourceException", "getRootCause", "getCausedByException", "getNested", "getLinkedException", "getNestedException", "getLinkedCause", "getThrowable", }; /** * <p>The Method object for Java 1.4 getCause.</p> */ private static final Method THROWABLE_CAUSE_METHOD; static { Method causeMethod; try { causeMethod = Throwable.class.getMethod("getCause", null); } catch (Exception e) { causeMethod = null; } THROWABLE_CAUSE_METHOD = causeMethod; } /** * Returns the given list as a <code>String[]</code>. * * @param list a list to transform. * @return the given list as a <code>String[]</code>. */ private static String[] toArray(List list) { return (String[]) list.toArray(new String[list.size()]); } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * <p>Introspects the <code>Throwable</code> to obtain the cause.</p> * <p/> * <p>The method searches for methods with specific names that return a * <code>Throwable</code> object. This will pick up most wrapping exceptions, * including those from JDK 1.4, and * {@link org.ow2.easywsdl.u.exception.NestableException NestableException}. * <p/> * <p>The default list searched for are:</p> * <ul> * <li><code>getCause()</code></li> * <li><code>getNextException()</code></li> * <li><code>getTargetException()</code></li> * <li><code>getException()</code></li> * <li><code>getSourceException()</code></li> * <li><code>getRootCause()</code></li> * <li><code>getCausedByException()</code></li> * <li><code>getNested()</code></li> * </ul> * <p/> * <p>In the absence of any such method, the object is inspected for a * <code>detail</code> field assignable to a <code>Throwable</code>.</p> * <p/> * <p>If none of the above is found, returns <code>null</code>.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to introspect for a cause, may be null * @return the cause of the <code>Throwable</code>, * <code>null</code> if none found or null throwable input * @since 1.0 */ public static Throwable getCause(Throwable throwable) { synchronized (CAUSE_METHOD_NAMES) { return getCause(throwable, CAUSE_METHOD_NAMES); } } /** * <p>Introspects the <code>Throwable</code> to obtain the cause.</p> * <p/> * <ol> * <li>Try known exception types.</li> * <li>Try the supplied array of method names.</li> * <li>Try the field 'detail'.</li> * </ol> * <p/> * <p>A <code>null</code> set of method names means use the default set. * A <code>null</code> in the set of method names will be ignored.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to introspect for a cause, may be null * @param methodNames the method names, null treated as default set * @return the cause of the <code>Throwable</code>, * <code>null</code> if none found or null throwable input * @since 1.0 */ public static Throwable getCause(Throwable throwable, String[] methodNames) { if (throwable == null) { return null; } Throwable cause = getCauseUsingWellKnownTypes(throwable); if (cause == null) { if (methodNames == null) { synchronized (CAUSE_METHOD_NAMES) { methodNames = CAUSE_METHOD_NAMES; } } for (int i = 0; i < methodNames.length; i++) { String methodName = methodNames[i]; if (methodName != null) { cause = getCauseUsingMethodName(throwable, methodName); if (cause != null) { break; } } } if (cause == null) { cause = getCauseUsingFieldName(throwable, "detail"); } } return cause; } /** * <p>Finds a <code>Throwable</code> for known types.</p> * <p/> * <p>Uses <code>instanceof</code> checks to examine the exception, * looking for well known types which could contain chained or * wrapped exceptions.</p> * * @param throwable the exception to examine * @return the wrapped exception, or <code>null</code> if not found */ private static Throwable getCauseUsingWellKnownTypes(Throwable throwable) { if (throwable instanceof Nestable) { return ((Nestable) throwable).getCause(); } else if (throwable instanceof SQLException) { return ((SQLException) throwable).getNextException(); } else if (throwable instanceof InvocationTargetException) { return ((InvocationTargetException) throwable).getTargetException(); } else { return null; } } /** * <p>Finds a <code>Throwable</code> by method name.</p> * * @param throwable the exception to examine * @param methodName the name of the method to find and invoke * @return the wrapped exception, or <code>null</code> if not found */ private static Throwable getCauseUsingMethodName(Throwable throwable, String methodName) { Method method = null; try { method = throwable.getClass().getMethod(methodName, null); } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignored) { // exception ignored } catch (SecurityException ignored) { // exception ignored } if (method != null && Throwable.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getReturnType())) { try { return (Throwable) method.invoke(throwable, ArrayUtils.EMPTY_OBJECT_ARRAY); } catch (IllegalAccessException ignored) { // exception ignored } catch (IllegalArgumentException ignored) { // exception ignored } catch (InvocationTargetException ignored) { // exception ignored } } return null; } /** * <p>Finds a <code>Throwable</code> by field name.</p> * * @param throwable the exception to examine * @param fieldName the name of the attribute to examine * @return the wrapped exception, or <code>null</code> if not found */ private static Throwable getCauseUsingFieldName(Throwable throwable, String fieldName) { Field field = null; try { field = throwable.getClass().getField(fieldName); } catch (NoSuchFieldException ignored) { // exception ignored } catch (SecurityException ignored) { // exception ignored } if (field != null && Throwable.class.isAssignableFrom(field.getType())) { try { return (Throwable) field.get(throwable); } catch (IllegalAccessException ignored) { // exception ignored } catch (IllegalArgumentException ignored) { // exception ignored } } return null; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * <p>Checks if the Throwable class has a <code>getCause</code> method.</p> * <p/> * <p>This is true for JDK 1.4 and above.</p> * * @return true if Throwable is nestable * @since 2.0 */ public static boolean isThrowableNested() { return THROWABLE_CAUSE_METHOD != null; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * <p>Counts the number of <code>Throwable</code> objects in the * exception chain.</p> * <p/> * <p>A throwable without cause will return <code>1</code>. * A throwable with one cause will return <code>2</code> and so on. * A <code>null</code> throwable will return <code>0</code>.</p> * <p/> * <p>From version 2.2, this method handles recursive cause structures * that might otherwise cause infinite loops. The cause chain is * processed until the end is reached, or until the next item in the * chain is already in the result set.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @return the count of throwables, zero if null input */ public static int getThrowableCount(Throwable throwable) { return getThrowableList(throwable).size(); } /** * <p>Returns the list of <code>Throwable</code> objects in the * exception chain.</p> * <p/> * <p>A throwable without cause will return an array containing * one element - the input throwable. * A throwable with one cause will return an array containing * two elements. - the input throwable and the cause throwable. * A <code>null</code> throwable will return an array of size zero.</p> * <p/> * <p>From version 2.2, this method handles recursive cause structures * that might otherwise cause infinite loops. The cause chain is * processed until the end is reached, or until the next item in the * chain is already in the result set.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @return the array of throwables, never null * @see #getThrowableList(Throwable) */ public static Throwable[] getThrowables(Throwable throwable) { List list = getThrowableList(throwable); return (Throwable[]) list.toArray(new Throwable[list.size()]); } /** * <p>Returns the list of <code>Throwable</code> objects in the * exception chain.</p> * <p/> * <p>A throwable without cause will return a list containing * one element - the input throwable. * A throwable with one cause will return a list containing * two elements. - the input throwable and the cause throwable. * A <code>null</code> throwable will return a list of size zero.</p> * <p/> * <p>This method handles recursive cause structures that might * otherwise cause infinite loops. The cause chain is processed until * the end is reached, or until the next item in the chain is already * in the result set.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @return the list of throwables, never null * @since Commons Lang 2.2 */ public static List getThrowableList(Throwable throwable) { List list = new ArrayList(); while (throwable != null && list.contains(throwable) == false) { list.add(throwable); throwable = ExceptionUtils.getCause(throwable); } return list; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * <p>Returns the (zero based) index of the first <code>Throwable</code> * that matches the specified class (exactly) in the exception chain. * Subclasses of the specified class do not match - see * <p/> * <p>A <code>null</code> throwable returns <code>-1</code>. * A <code>null</code> type returns <code>-1</code>. * No match in the chain returns <code>-1</code>.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @param clazz the class to search for, subclasses do not match, null returns -1 * @return the index into the throwable chain, -1 if no match or null input */ public static int indexOfThrowable(Throwable throwable, Class clazz) { return indexOf(throwable, clazz, 0, false); } /** * <p>Returns the (zero based) index of the first <code>Throwable</code> * that matches the specified type in the exception chain from * a specified index. * Subclasses of the specified class do not match - see * <p/> * <p>A <code>null</code> throwable returns <code>-1</code>. * A <code>null</code> type returns <code>-1</code>. * No match in the chain returns <code>-1</code>. * A negative start index is treated as zero. * A start index greater than the number of throwables returns <code>-1</code>.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @param clazz the class to search for, subclasses do not match, null returns -1 * @param fromIndex the (zero based) index of the starting position, * negative treated as zero, larger than chain size returns -1 * @return the index into the throwable chain, -1 if no match or null input */ public static int indexOfThrowable(Throwable throwable, Class clazz, int fromIndex) { return indexOf(throwable, clazz, fromIndex, false); } /** * <p>Worker method for the <code>indexOfType</code> methods.</p> * * @param throwable the throwable to inspect, may be null * @param type the type to search for, subclasses match, null returns -1 * @param fromIndex the (zero based) index of the starting position, * negative treated as zero, larger than chain size returns -1 * @param subclass if <code>true</code>, compares with {@link Class#isAssignableFrom(Class)}, otherwise compares * using references * @return index of the <code>type</code> within throwables nested withing the specified <code>throwable</code> */ private static int indexOf(Throwable throwable, Class type, int fromIndex, boolean subclass) { if (throwable == null || type == null) { return -1; } if (fromIndex < 0) { fromIndex = 0; } Throwable[] throwables = ExceptionUtils.getThrowables(throwable); if (fromIndex >= throwables.length) { return -1; } if (subclass) { for (int i = fromIndex; i < throwables.length; i++) { if (type.isAssignableFrom(throwables[i].getClass())) { return i; } } } else { for (int i = fromIndex; i < throwables.length; i++) { if (type.equals(throwables[i].getClass())) { return i; } } } return -1; } /** * <p>Removes common frames from the cause trace given the two stack traces.</p> * * @param causeFrames stack trace of a cause throwable * @param wrapperFrames stack trace of a wrapper throwable * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either argument is null * @since 2.0 */ public static void removeCommonFrames(List causeFrames, List wrapperFrames) { if (causeFrames == null || wrapperFrames == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("The List must not be null"); } int causeFrameIndex = causeFrames.size() - 1; int wrapperFrameIndex = wrapperFrames.size() - 1; while (causeFrameIndex >= 0 && wrapperFrameIndex >= 0) { // Remove the frame from the cause trace if it is the same // as in the wrapper trace String causeFrame = (String) causeFrames.get(causeFrameIndex); String wrapperFrame = (String) wrapperFrames.get(wrapperFrameIndex); if (causeFrame.equals(wrapperFrame)) { causeFrames.remove(causeFrameIndex); } causeFrameIndex--; wrapperFrameIndex--; } } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * <p>Returns an array where each element is a line from the argument.</p> * <p/> * <p>The end of line is determined by the value of {@link SystemUtils#LINE_SEPARATOR}.</p> * <p/> * <p>Functionality shared between the * <code>getStackFrames(Throwable)</code> methods of this and the * {@link org.ow2.easywsdl.u.exception.NestableDelegate} classes.</p> * * @param stackTrace a stack trace String * @return an array where each element is a line from the argument */ static String[] getStackFrames(String stackTrace) { String linebreak = SystemUtils.LINE_SEPARATOR; StringTokenizer frames = new StringTokenizer(stackTrace, linebreak); List list = new ArrayList(); while (frames.hasMoreTokens()) { list.add(frames.nextToken()); } return toArray(list); } //----------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Gets a short message summarising the exception. * <p/> * The message returned is of the form * {ClassNameWithoutPackage}: {ThrowableMessage} * * @param th the throwable to get a message for, null returns empty string * @return the message, non-null * @since Commons Lang 2.2 */ public static String getMessage(Throwable th) { if (th == null) { return ""; } String clsName = ClassUtils.getShortClassName(th, null); String msg = th.getMessage(); return clsName + ": " + StringUtils.defaultString(msg); } }