package java_cup.runtime ; import java.util.Stack ; /** * This class implements a skeleton table driven LR parser. In general, LR * parsers are a form of bottom up shift-reduce parsers. Shift-reduce parsers * act by shifting input onto a parse stack until the Symbols matching the right * hand side of a production appear on the top of the stack. Once this occurs, a * reduce is performed. This involves removing the Symbols corresponding to the * right hand side of the production (the so called "handle") and replacing them * with the non-terminal from the left hand side of the production. * <p> * To control the decision of whether to shift or reduce at any given point, the * parser uses a state machine (the "viable prefix recognition machine" built by * the parser generator). The current state of the machine is placed on top of * the parse stack (stored as part of a Symbol object representing a terminal or * non terminal). The parse action table is consulted (using the current state * and the current lookahead Symbol as indexes) to determine whether to shift or * to reduce. When the parser shifts, it changes to a new state by pushing a new * Symbol (containing a new state) onto the stack. When the parser reduces, it * pops the handle (right hand side of a production) off the stack. This leaves * the parser in the state it was in before any of those Symbols were matched. * Next the reduce-goto table is consulted (using the new state and current * lookahead Symbol as indexes) to determine a new state to go to. The parser * then shifts to this goto state by pushing the left hand side Symbol of the * production (also containing the new state) onto the stack. * <p> * This class actually provides four LR parsers. The methods parse() and * debug_parse() provide two versions of the main parser (the only difference * being that debug_parse() emits debugging trace messages as it parses). In * addition to these main parsers, the error recovery mechanism uses two more. * One of these is used to simulate "parsing ahead" in the input without * carrying out actions (to verify that a potential error recovery has worked), * and the other is used to parse through buffered "parse ahead" input in order * to execute all actions and re-synchronize the actual parser configuration. * <p> * This is an abstract class which is normally filled out by a subclass * generated by the JavaCup parser generator. In addition to supplying the * actual parse tables, generated code also supplies methods which invoke * various pieces of user supplied code, provide access to certain special * Symbols (e.g., EOF and error), etc. Specifically, the following abstract * methods are normally supplied by generated code: * <dl compact> * <dt> short[][] production_table() * <dd> Provides a reference to the production table (indicating the index of * the left hand side non terminal and the length of the right hand side for * each production in the grammar). * <dt> short[][] action_table() * <dd> Provides a reference to the parse action table. * <dt> short[][] reduce_table() * <dd> Provides a reference to the reduce-goto table. * <dt> int start_state() * <dd> Indicates the index of the start state. * <dt> int start_production() * <dd> Indicates the index of the starting production. * <dt> int EOF_sym() * <dd> Indicates the index of the EOF Symbol. * <dt> int error_sym() * <dd> Indicates the index of the error Symbol. * <dt> Symbol do_action() * <dd> Executes a piece of user supplied action code. This always comes at the * point of a reduce in the parse, so this code also allocates and fills in the * left hand side non terminal Symbol object that is to be pushed onto the stack * for the reduce. * <dt> void init_actions() * <dd> Code to initialize a special object that encapsulates user supplied * actions (this object is used by do_action() to actually carry out the * actions). * </dl> * In addition to these routines that <i>must</i> be supplied by the generated * subclass there are also a series of routines that <i>may</i> be supplied. * These include: * <dl> * <dt> Symbol scan() * <dd> Used to get the next input Symbol from the scanner. * <dt> Scanner getScanner() * <dd> Used to provide a scanner for the default implementation of scan(). * <dt> int error_sync_size() * <dd> This determines how many Symbols past the point of an error must be * parsed without error in order to consider a recovery to be valid. This * defaults to 3. Values less than 2 are not recommended. * <dt> void report_error(String message, Object info) * <dd> This method is called to report an error. The default implementation * simply prints a message to System.err and where the error occurred. This * method is often replaced in order to provide a more sophisticated error * reporting mechanism. * <dt> void report_fatal_error(String message, Object info) * <dd> This method is called when a fatal error that cannot be recovered from * is encountered. In the default implementation, it calls report_error() to * emit a message, then throws an exception. * <dt> void syntax_error(Symbol cur_token) * <dd> This method is called as soon as syntax error is detected (but before * recovery is attempted). In the default implementation it invokes: * report_error("Syntax error", null); * <dt> void unrecovered_syntax_error(Symbol cur_token) * <dd> This method is called if syntax error recovery fails. In the default * implementation it invokes:<br> * report_fatal_error("Couldn't repair and continue parse", null); * </dl> * * @see java_cup.runtime.Symbol * @see java_cup.runtime.Symbol * @see java_cup.runtime.virtual_parse_stack * @version last updated: 7/3/96 * @author Frank Flannery */ public abstract class lr_parser { /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /*--- Constructor(s) ----------------------------------------*/ /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * Simple constructor. */ public lr_parser ( ) { } /** * Constructor that sets the default scanner. [CSA/davidm] */ public lr_parser ( Scanner s ) { this ( s , new DefaultSymbolFactory ( ) ) ; // TUM 20060327 old cup v10 // Symbols as default } /** * Constructor that sets the default scanner and a SymbolFactory */ public lr_parser ( Scanner s , SymbolFactory symfac ) { this ( ) ; // in case default constructor someday does something symbolFactory = symfac ; setScanner ( s ) ; } public SymbolFactory symbolFactory ;// = new DefaultSymbolFactory(); /** * Whenever creation of a new Symbol is necessary, one should use this * factory. */ public SymbolFactory getSymbolFactory ( ) { return symbolFactory ; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /*--- (Access to) Static (Class) Variables ------------------*/ /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * The default number of Symbols after an error we much match to consider it * recovered from. */ protected final static int _error_sync_size = 3 ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * The number of Symbols after an error we much match to consider it recovered * from. */ protected int error_sync_size ( ) { return _error_sync_size ; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /*--- (Access to) Instance Variables ------------------------*/ /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * Table of production information (supplied by generated subclass). This * table contains one entry per production and is indexed by the * negative-encoded values (reduce actions) in the action_table. Each entry * has two parts, the index of the non-terminal on the left hand side of the * production, and the number of Symbols on the right hand side. */ public abstract short [ ][ ] production_table ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * The action table (supplied by generated subclass). This table is indexed by * state and terminal number indicating what action is to be taken when the * parser is in the given state (i.e., the given state is on top of the stack) * and the given terminal is next on the input. States are indexed using the * first dimension, however, the entries for a given state are compacted and * stored in adjacent index, value pairs which are searched for rather than * accessed directly (see get_action()). The actions stored in the table will * be either shifts, reduces, or errors. Shifts are encoded as positive values * (one greater than the state shifted to). Reduces are encoded as negative * values (one less than the production reduced by). Error entries are denoted * by zero. * * @see java_cup.runtime.lr_parser#get_action */ public abstract short [ ][ ] action_table ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * The reduce-goto table (supplied by generated subclass). This table is * indexed by state and non-terminal number and contains state numbers. States * are indexed using the first dimension, however, the entries for a given * state are compacted and stored in adjacent index, value pairs which are * searched for rather than accessed directly (see get_reduce()). When a * reduce occurs, the handle (corresponding to the RHS of the matched * production) is popped off the stack. The new top of stack indicates a * state. This table is then indexed by that state and the LHS of the reducing * production to indicate where to "shift" to. * * @see java_cup.runtime.lr_parser#get_reduce */ public abstract short [ ][ ] reduce_table ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** The index of the start state (supplied by generated subclass). */ public abstract int start_state ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** The index of the start production (supplied by generated subclass). */ public abstract int start_production ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * The index of the end of file terminal Symbol (supplied by generated * subclass). */ public abstract int EOF_sym ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** The index of the special error Symbol (supplied by generated subclass). */ public abstract int error_sym ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Internal flag to indicate when parser should quit. */ protected boolean _done_parsing = false ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * This method is called to indicate that the parser should quit. This is * normally called by an accept action, but can be used to cancel parsing * early in other circumstances if desired. */ public void done_parsing ( ) { _done_parsing = true ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /* * Global parse state shared by parse(), error recovery, and debugging * routines */ /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Indication of the index for top of stack (for use by actions). */ protected int tos ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** The current lookahead Symbol. */ protected Symbol cur_token ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** The parse stack itself. */ protected Stack stack = new Stack ( ) ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Direct reference to the production table. */ protected short [ ][ ] production_tab ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Direct reference to the action table. */ protected short [ ][ ] action_tab ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Direct reference to the reduce-goto table. */ protected short [ ][ ] reduce_tab ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * This is the scanner object used by the default implementation of scan() to * get Symbols. To avoid name conflicts with existing code, this field is * private. [CSA/davidm] */ private Scanner _scanner ; /** * Simple accessor method to set the default scanner. */ public void setScanner ( Scanner s ) { _scanner = s ; } /** * Simple accessor method to get the default scanner. */ public Scanner getScanner ( ) { return _scanner ; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /*--- General Methods ---------------------------------------*/ /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /** * Perform a bit of user supplied action code (supplied by generated * subclass). Actions are indexed by an internal action number assigned at * parser generation time. * * @param act_num the internal index of the action to be performed. * @param parser the parser object we are acting for. * @param stack the parse stack of that object. * @param top the index of the top element of the parse stack. */ public abstract Symbol do_action ( int act_num , lr_parser parser , Stack stack , int top ) throws java.lang.Exception ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * User code for initialization inside the parser. Typically this initializes * the scanner. This is called before the parser requests the first Symbol. * Here this is just a placeholder for subclasses that might need this and we * perform no action. This method is normally overridden by the generated code * using this contents of the "init with" clause as its body. */ public void user_init ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Initialize the action object. This is called before the parser does any * parse actions. This is filled in by generated code to create an object that * encapsulates all action code. */ protected abstract void init_actions ( ) throws java.lang.Exception ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Get the next Symbol from the input (supplied by generated subclass). Once * end of file has been reached, all subsequent calls to scan should return an * EOF Symbol (which is Symbol number 0). By default this method returns * getScanner().next_token(); this implementation can be overriden by the * generated parser using the code declared in the "scan with" clause. Do not * recycle objects; every call to scan() should return a fresh object. */ public Symbol scan ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { Symbol sym = getScanner ( ).next_token ( ) ; return ( sym != null ) ? sym : getSymbolFactory ( ).newSymbol ( "END_OF_FILE" , EOF_sym ( ) ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Report a fatal error. This method takes a message string and an additional * object (to be used by specializations implemented in subclasses). Here in * the base class a very simple implementation is provided which reports the * error then throws an exception. * * @param message an error message. * @param info an extra object reserved for use by specialized subclasses. */ public void report_fatal_error ( String message , Object info ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* stop parsing (not really necessary since we throw an exception, but) */ done_parsing ( ) ; /* use the normal error message reporting to put out the message */ report_error ( message , info ) ; /* throw an exception */ throw new Exception ( "Can't recover from previous error(s)" ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Report a non fatal error (or warning). This method takes a message string * and an additional object (to be used by specializations implemented in * subclasses). Here in the base class a very simple implementation is * provided which simply prints the message to System.err. * * @param message an error message. * @param info an extra object reserved for use by specialized subclasses. */ public void report_error ( String message , Object info ) { System.err.print ( message ) ; System.err.flush ( ) ; if ( info instanceof Symbol ) if ( ( ( Symbol ) info ).left != - 1 ) System.err.println ( " at character " + ( ( Symbol ) info ).left + " of input" ) ; else System.err.println ( "" ) ; else System.err.println ( "" ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * This method is called when a syntax error has been detected and recovery is * about to be invoked. Here in the base class we just emit a "Syntax error" * error message. * * @param cur_token the current lookahead Symbol. */ public void syntax_error ( Symbol cur_token ) { report_error ( "Syntax error" , cur_token ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * This method is called if it is determined that syntax error recovery has * been unsuccessful. Here in the base class we report a fatal error. * * @param cur_token the current lookahead Symbol. */ public void unrecovered_syntax_error ( Symbol cur_token ) throws java.lang.Exception { report_fatal_error ( "Couldn't repair and continue parse" , cur_token ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Fetch an action from the action table. The table is broken up into rows, * one per state (rows are indexed directly by state number). Within each row, * a list of index, value pairs are given (as sequential entries in the * table), and the list is terminated by a default entry (denoted with a * Symbol index of -1). To find the proper entry in a row we do a linear or * binary search (depending on the size of the row). * * @param state the state index of the action being accessed. * @param sym the Symbol index of the action being accessed. */ protected final short get_action ( int state , int sym ) { short tag ; int first , last , probe ; short [ ] row = action_tab [ state ] ; /* linear search if we are < 10 entries */ if ( row.length < 20 ) for ( probe = 0 ; probe < row.length ; probe ++ ) { /* is this entry labeled with our Symbol or the default? */ tag = row [ probe ++ ] ; if ( tag == sym || tag == - 1 ) { /* return the next entry */ return row [ probe ] ; } } /* otherwise binary search */ else { first = 0 ; last = ( row.length - 1 ) / 2 - 1 ; /* leave out trailing default entry */ while ( first <= last ) { probe = ( first + last ) / 2 ; if ( sym == row [ probe * 2 ] ) return row [ probe * 2 + 1 ] ; else if ( sym > row [ probe * 2 ] ) first = probe + 1 ; else last = probe - 1 ; } /* not found, use the default at the end */ return row [ row.length - 1 ] ; } /* * shouldn't happened, but if we run off the end we return the default * (error == 0) */ return 0 ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Fetch a state from the reduce-goto table. The table is broken up into rows, * one per state (rows are indexed directly by state number). Within each row, * a list of index, value pairs are given (as sequential entries in the * table), and the list is terminated by a default entry (denoted with a * Symbol index of -1). To find the proper entry in a row we do a linear * search. * * @param state the state index of the entry being accessed. * @param sym the Symbol index of the entry being accessed. */ protected final short get_reduce ( int state , int sym ) { short tag ; short [ ] row = reduce_tab [ state ] ; /* if we have a null row we go with the default */ if ( row == null ) return - 1 ; for ( int probe = 0 ; probe < row.length ; probe ++ ) { /* is this entry labeled with our Symbol or the default? */ tag = row [ probe ++ ] ; if ( tag == sym || tag == - 1 ) { /* return the next entry */ return row [ probe ] ; } } /* if we run off the end we return the default (error == -1) */ return - 1 ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * This method provides the main parsing routine. It returns only when * done_parsing() has been called (typically because the parser has accepted, * or a fatal error has been reported). See the header documentation for the * class regarding how shift/reduce parsers operate and how the various tables * are used. */ public Symbol parse ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* the current action code */ int act ; /* the Symbol/stack element returned by a reduce */ Symbol lhs_sym = null ; /* information about production being reduced with */ short handle_size , lhs_sym_num ; /* set up direct reference to tables to drive the parser */ production_tab = production_table ( ) ; action_tab = action_table ( ) ; reduce_tab = reduce_table ( ) ; /* initialize the action encapsulation object */ init_actions ( ) ; /* do user initialization */ user_init ( ) ; /* get the first token */ cur_token = scan ( ) ; /* push dummy Symbol with start state to get us underway */ stack.removeAllElements ( ) ; stack.push ( getSymbolFactory ( ).startSymbol ( "START" , 0 , start_state ( ) ) ) ; tos = 0 ; /* continue until we are told to stop */ for ( _done_parsing = false ; ! _done_parsing ; ) { /* Check current token for freshness. */ if ( cur_token.used_by_parser ) throw new Error ( "Symbol recycling detected (fix your scanner)." ) ; /* current state is always on the top of the stack */ /* look up action out of the current state with the current input */ act = get_action ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , cur_token.sym ) ; /* decode the action -- > 0 encodes shift */ if ( act > 0 ) { /* shift to the encoded state by pushing it on the stack */ cur_token.parse_state = act - 1 ; cur_token.used_by_parser = true ; stack.push ( cur_token ) ; tos ++ ; /* advance to the next Symbol */ cur_token = scan ( ) ; } /* if its less than zero, then it encodes a reduce action */ else if ( act < 0 ) { /* perform the action for the reduce */ lhs_sym = do_action ( ( - act ) - 1 , this , stack , tos ) ; /* look up information about the production */ lhs_sym_num = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 0 ] ; handle_size = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 1 ] ; /* pop the handle off the stack */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < handle_size ; i ++ ) { stack.pop ( ) ; tos -- ; } /* look up the state to go to from the one popped back to */ act = get_reduce ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , lhs_sym_num ) ; /* shift to that state */ lhs_sym.parse_state = act ; lhs_sym.used_by_parser = true ; stack.push ( lhs_sym ) ; tos ++ ; } /* finally if the entry is zero, we have an error */ else if ( act == 0 ) { /* call user syntax error reporting routine */ syntax_error ( cur_token ) ; /* try to error recover */ if ( ! error_recovery ( false ) ) { /* if that fails give up with a fatal syntax error */ unrecovered_syntax_error ( cur_token ) ; /* just in case that wasn't fatal enough, end parse */ done_parsing ( ) ; } else { lhs_sym = ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ; } } } return lhs_sym ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Write a debugging message to System.err for the debugging version of the * parser. * * @param mess the text of the debugging message. */ public void debug_message ( String mess ) { System.err.println ( mess ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Dump the parse stack for debugging purposes. */ public void dump_stack ( ) { if ( stack == null ) { debug_message ( "# Stack dump requested, but stack is null" ) ; return ; } debug_message ( "============ Parse Stack Dump ============" ) ; /* dump the stack */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < stack.size ( ) ; i ++ ) { debug_message ( "Symbol: " + ( ( Symbol ) stack.elementAt ( i ) ).sym + " State: " + ( ( Symbol ) stack.elementAt ( i ) ).parse_state ) ; } debug_message ( "==========================================" ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Do debug output for a reduce. * * @param prod_num the production we are reducing with. * @param nt_num the index of the LHS non terminal. * @param rhs_size the size of the RHS. */ public void debug_reduce ( int prod_num , int nt_num , int rhs_size ) { debug_message ( "# Reduce with prod #" + prod_num + " [NT=" + nt_num + ", " + "SZ=" + rhs_size + "]" ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Do debug output for shift. * * @param shift_tkn the Symbol being shifted onto the stack. */ public void debug_shift ( Symbol shift_tkn ) { debug_message ( "# Shift under term #" + shift_tkn.sym + " to state #" + shift_tkn.parse_state ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Do debug output for stack state. [CSA] */ public void debug_stack ( ) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer ( "## STACK:" ) ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < stack.size ( ) ; i ++ ) { Symbol s = ( Symbol ) stack.elementAt ( i ) ; sb.append ( " <state " + s.parse_state + ", sym " + s.sym + ">" ) ; if ( ( i % 3 ) == 2 || ( i == ( stack.size ( ) - 1 ) ) ) { debug_message ( sb.toString ( ) ) ; sb = new StringBuffer ( " " ) ; } } } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Perform a parse with debugging output. This does exactly the same things as * parse(), except that it calls debug_shift() and debug_reduce() when shift * and reduce moves are taken by the parser and produces various other * debugging messages. */ public Symbol debug_parse ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* the current action code */ int act ; /* the Symbol/stack element returned by a reduce */ Symbol lhs_sym = null ; /* information about production being reduced with */ short handle_size , lhs_sym_num ; /* set up direct reference to tables to drive the parser */ production_tab = production_table ( ) ; action_tab = action_table ( ) ; reduce_tab = reduce_table ( ) ; debug_message ( "# Initializing parser" ) ; /* initialize the action encapsulation object */ init_actions ( ) ; /* do user initialization */ user_init ( ) ; /* the current Symbol */ cur_token = scan ( ) ; debug_message ( "# Current Symbol is #" + cur_token.sym ) ; /* push dummy Symbol with start state to get us underway */ stack.removeAllElements ( ) ; stack.push ( getSymbolFactory ( ).startSymbol ( "START" , 0 , start_state ( ) ) ) ; tos = 0 ; /* continue until we are told to stop */ for ( _done_parsing = false ; ! _done_parsing ; ) { /* Check current token for freshness. */ if ( cur_token.used_by_parser ) throw new Error ( "Symbol recycling detected (fix your scanner)." ) ; /* current state is always on the top of the stack */ // debug_stack(); /* look up action out of the current state with the current input */ act = get_action ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , cur_token.sym ) ; /* decode the action -- > 0 encodes shift */ if ( act > 0 ) { /* shift to the encoded state by pushing it on the stack */ cur_token.parse_state = act - 1 ; cur_token.used_by_parser = true ; debug_shift ( cur_token ) ; stack.push ( cur_token ) ; tos ++ ; /* advance to the next Symbol */ cur_token = scan ( ) ; debug_message ( "# Current token is " + cur_token ) ; } /* if its less than zero, then it encodes a reduce action */ else if ( act < 0 ) { /* perform the action for the reduce */ lhs_sym = do_action ( ( - act ) - 1 , this , stack , tos ) ; /* look up information about the production */ lhs_sym_num = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 0 ] ; handle_size = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 1 ] ; debug_reduce ( ( - act ) - 1 , lhs_sym_num , handle_size ) ; /* pop the handle off the stack */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < handle_size ; i ++ ) { stack.pop ( ) ; tos -- ; } /* look up the state to go to from the one popped back to */ act = get_reduce ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , lhs_sym_num ) ; debug_message ( "# Reduce rule: top state " + ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state + ", lhs sym " + lhs_sym_num + " -> state " + act ) ; /* shift to that state */ lhs_sym.parse_state = act ; lhs_sym.used_by_parser = true ; stack.push ( lhs_sym ) ; tos ++ ; debug_message ( "# Goto state #" + act ) ; } /* finally if the entry is zero, we have an error */ else if ( act == 0 ) { /* call user syntax error reporting routine */ syntax_error ( cur_token ) ; /* try to error recover */ if ( ! error_recovery ( true ) ) { /* if that fails give up with a fatal syntax error */ unrecovered_syntax_error ( cur_token ) ; /* just in case that wasn't fatal enough, end parse */ done_parsing ( ) ; } else { lhs_sym = ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ; } } } return lhs_sym ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /* Error recovery code */ /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Attempt to recover from a syntax error. This returns false if recovery * fails, true if it succeeds. Recovery happens in 4 steps. First we pop the * parse stack down to a point at which we have a shift out of the top-most * state on the error Symbol. This represents the initial error recovery * configuration. If no such configuration is found, then we fail. Next a * small number of "lookahead" or "parse ahead" Symbols are read into a * buffer. The size of this buffer is determined by error_sync_size() and * determines how many Symbols beyond the error must be matched to consider * the recovery a success. Next, we begin to discard Symbols in attempt to get * past the point of error to a point where we can continue parsing. After * each Symbol, we attempt to "parse ahead" though the buffered lookahead * Symbols. The "parse ahead" process simulates that actual parse, but does * not modify the real parser's configuration, nor execute any actions. If we * can parse all the stored Symbols without error, then the recovery is * considered a success. Once a successful recovery point is determined, we do * an actual parse over the stored input -- modifying the real parse * configuration and executing all actions. Finally, we return the the normal * parser to continue with the overall parse. * * @param debug should we produce debugging messages as we parse. */ protected boolean error_recovery ( boolean debug ) throws java.lang.Exception { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Attempting error recovery" ) ; /* * first pop the stack back into a state that can shift on error and do that * shift (if that fails, we fail) */ if ( ! find_recovery_config ( debug ) ) { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Error recovery fails" ) ; return false ; } /* read ahead to create lookahead we can parse multiple times */ read_lookahead ( ) ; /* repeatedly try to parse forward until we make it the required dist */ for ( ; ; ) { /* try to parse forward, if it makes it, bail out of loop */ if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Trying to parse ahead" ) ; if ( try_parse_ahead ( debug ) ) { break ; } /* if we are now at EOF, we have failed */ if ( lookahead [ 0 ].sym == EOF_sym ( ) ) { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Error recovery fails at EOF" ) ; return false ; } /* otherwise, we consume another Symbol and try again */ // BUG FIX by Bruce Hutton // Computer Science Department, University of Auckland, // Auckland, New Zealand. // It is the first token that is being consumed, not the one // we were up to parsing if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Consuming Symbol #" + lookahead [ 0 ].sym ) ; restart_lookahead ( ) ; } /* we have consumed to a point where we can parse forward */ if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Parse-ahead ok, going back to normal parse" ) ; /* do the real parse (including actions) across the lookahead */ parse_lookahead ( debug ) ; /* we have success */ return true ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Determine if we can shift under the special error Symbol out of the state * currently on the top of the (real) parse stack. */ protected boolean shift_under_error ( ) { /* is there a shift under error Symbol */ return get_action ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , error_sym ( ) ) > 0 ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Put the (real) parse stack into error recovery configuration by popping the * stack down to a state that can shift on the special error Symbol, then * doing the shift. If no suitable state exists on the stack we return false * * @param debug should we produce debugging messages as we parse. */ protected boolean find_recovery_config ( boolean debug ) { Symbol error_token ; int act ; if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Finding recovery state on stack" ) ; /* Remember the right-position of the top symbol on the stack */ Symbol right = ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ) ;// TUM 20060327 removed .right Symbol left = right ;// TUM 20060327 removed .left /* pop down until we can shift under error Symbol */ while ( ! shift_under_error ( ) ) { /* pop the stack */ if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Pop stack by one, state was # " + ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state ) ; left = ( ( Symbol ) stack.pop ( ) ) ; // TUM 20060327 removed .left tos -- ; /* if we have hit bottom, we fail */ if ( stack.empty ( ) ) { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# No recovery state found on stack" ) ; return false ; } } /* state on top of the stack can shift under error, find the shift */ act = get_action ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , error_sym ( ) ) ; if ( debug ) { debug_message ( "# Recover state found (#" + ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state + ")" ) ; debug_message ( "# Shifting on error to state #" + ( act - 1 ) ) ; } /* build and shift a special error Symbol */ error_token = getSymbolFactory ( ).newSymbol ( "ERROR" , error_sym ( ) , left , right ) ; error_token.parse_state = act - 1 ; error_token.used_by_parser = true ; stack.push ( error_token ) ; tos ++ ; return true ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Lookahead Symbols used for attempting error recovery "parse aheads". */ protected Symbol lookahead[] ; /** Position in lookahead input buffer used for "parse ahead". */ protected int lookahead_pos ; /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Read from input to establish our buffer of "parse ahead" lookahead Symbols. */ protected void read_lookahead ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* create the lookahead array */ lookahead = new Symbol [ error_sync_size ( ) ] ; /* fill in the array */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < error_sync_size ( ) ; i ++ ) { lookahead [ i ] = cur_token ; cur_token = scan ( ) ; } /* start at the beginning */ lookahead_pos = 0 ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** Return the current lookahead in our error "parse ahead" buffer. */ protected Symbol cur_err_token ( ) { return lookahead [ lookahead_pos ] ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Advance to next "parse ahead" input Symbol. Return true if we have input to * advance to, false otherwise. */ protected boolean advance_lookahead ( ) { /* advance the input location */ lookahead_pos ++ ; /* return true if we didn't go off the end */ return lookahead_pos < error_sync_size ( ) ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Reset the parse ahead input to one Symbol past where we started error * recovery (this consumes one new Symbol from the real input). */ protected void restart_lookahead ( ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* move all the existing input over */ for ( int i = 1 ; i < error_sync_size ( ) ; i ++ ) lookahead [ i - 1 ] = lookahead [ i ] ; /* read a new Symbol into the last spot */ // BUG Fix by Bruce Hutton // Computer Science Department, University of Auckland, // Auckland, New Zealand. [applied 5-sep-1999 by csa] // The following two lines were out of order!! lookahead [ error_sync_size ( ) - 1 ] = cur_token ; cur_token = scan ( ) ; /* reset our internal position marker */ lookahead_pos = 0 ; } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Do a simulated parse forward (a "parse ahead") from the current stack * configuration using stored lookahead input and a virtual parse stack. * Return true if we make it all the way through the stored lookahead input * without error. This basically simulates the action of parse() using only * our saved "parse ahead" input, and not executing any actions. * * @param debug should we produce debugging messages as we parse. */ protected boolean try_parse_ahead ( boolean debug ) throws java.lang.Exception { int act ; short lhs , rhs_size ; /* create a virtual stack from the real parse stack */ virtual_parse_stack vstack = new virtual_parse_stack ( stack ) ; /* parse until we fail or get past the lookahead input */ for ( ; ; ) { /* look up the action from the current state (on top of stack) */ act = get_action ( vstack.top ( ) , cur_err_token ( ).sym ) ; /* if its an error, we fail */ if ( act == 0 ) return false ; /* > 0 encodes a shift */ if ( act > 0 ) { /* push the new state on the stack */ vstack.push ( act - 1 ) ; if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Parse-ahead shifts Symbol #" + cur_err_token ( ).sym + " into state #" + ( act - 1 ) ) ; /* advance simulated input, if we run off the end, we are done */ if ( ! advance_lookahead ( ) ) return true ; } /* < 0 encodes a reduce */ else { /* if this is a reduce with the start production we are done */ if ( ( - act ) - 1 == start_production ( ) ) { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Parse-ahead accepts" ) ; return true ; } /* get the lhs Symbol and the rhs size */ lhs = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 0 ] ; rhs_size = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 1 ] ; /* pop handle off the stack */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < rhs_size ; i ++ ) vstack.pop ( ) ; if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Parse-ahead reduces: handle size = " + rhs_size + " lhs = #" + lhs + " from state #" + vstack.top ( ) ) ; /* look up goto and push it onto the stack */ vstack.push ( get_reduce ( vstack.top ( ) , lhs ) ) ; if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Goto state #" + vstack.top ( ) ) ; } } } /* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . */ /** * Parse forward using stored lookahead Symbols. In this case we have already * verified that parsing will make it through the stored lookahead Symbols and * we are now getting back to the point at which we can hand control back to * the normal parser. Consequently, this version of the parser performs all * actions and modifies the real parse configuration. This returns once we * have consumed all the stored input or we accept. * * @param debug should we produce debugging messages as we parse. */ protected void parse_lookahead ( boolean debug ) throws java.lang.Exception { /* the current action code */ int act ; /* the Symbol/stack element returned by a reduce */ Symbol lhs_sym = null ; /* information about production being reduced with */ short handle_size , lhs_sym_num ; /* restart the saved input at the beginning */ lookahead_pos = 0 ; if ( debug ) { debug_message ( "# Reparsing saved input with actions" ) ; debug_message ( "# Current Symbol is #" + cur_err_token ( ).sym ) ; debug_message ( "# Current state is #" + ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state ) ; } /* continue until we accept or have read all lookahead input */ while ( ! _done_parsing ) { /* current state is always on the top of the stack */ /* look up action out of the current state with the current input */ act = get_action ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , cur_err_token ( ).sym ) ; /* decode the action -- > 0 encodes shift */ if ( act > 0 ) { /* shift to the encoded state by pushing it on the stack */ cur_err_token ( ).parse_state = act - 1 ; cur_err_token ( ).used_by_parser = true ; if ( debug ) debug_shift ( cur_err_token ( ) ) ; stack.push ( cur_err_token ( ) ) ; tos ++ ; /* advance to the next Symbol, if there is none, we are done */ if ( ! advance_lookahead ( ) ) { if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Completed reparse" ) ; /* scan next Symbol so we can continue parse */ // BUGFIX by Chris Harris <ckharris@ucsd.edu>: // correct a one-off error by commenting out // this next line. /* cur_token = scan(); */ /* go back to normal parser */ return ; } if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Current Symbol is #" + cur_err_token ( ).sym ) ; } /* if its less than zero, then it encodes a reduce action */ else if ( act < 0 ) { /* perform the action for the reduce */ lhs_sym = do_action ( ( - act ) - 1 , this , stack , tos ) ; /* look up information about the production */ lhs_sym_num = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 0 ] ; handle_size = production_tab [ ( - act ) - 1 ] [ 1 ] ; if ( debug ) debug_reduce ( ( - act ) - 1 , lhs_sym_num , handle_size ) ; /* pop the handle off the stack */ for ( int i = 0 ; i < handle_size ; i ++ ) { stack.pop ( ) ; tos -- ; } /* look up the state to go to from the one popped back to */ act = get_reduce ( ( ( Symbol ) stack.peek ( ) ).parse_state , lhs_sym_num ) ; /* shift to that state */ lhs_sym.parse_state = act ; lhs_sym.used_by_parser = true ; stack.push ( lhs_sym ) ; tos ++ ; if ( debug ) debug_message ( "# Goto state #" + act ) ; } /* * finally if the entry is zero, we have an error (shouldn't happen here, * but...) */ else if ( act == 0 ) { report_fatal_error ( "Syntax error" , lhs_sym ) ; return ; } } } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /** Utility function: unpacks parse tables from strings */ protected static short [ ][ ] unpackFromStrings ( String [ ] sa ) { // Concatanate initialization strings. StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer ( sa [ 0 ] ) ; for ( int i = 1 ; i < sa.length ; i ++ ) sb.append ( sa [ i ] ) ; int n = 0 ; // location in initialization string int size1 = ( ( ( int ) sb.charAt ( n ) ) << 16 ) | ( ( int ) sb.charAt ( n + 1 ) ) ; n += 2 ; short [ ][ ] result = new short [ size1 ] [ ] ; for ( int i = 0 ; i < size1 ; i ++ ) { int size2 = ( ( ( int ) sb.charAt ( n ) ) << 16 ) | ( ( int ) sb.charAt ( n + 1 ) ) ; n += 2 ; result [ i ] = new short [ size2 ] ; for ( int j = 0 ; j < size2 ; j ++ ) result [ i ] [ j ] = ( short ) ( sb.charAt ( n ++ ) - 2 ) ; } return result ; } }