/** * Copyright (C) 2007 Google Inc. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.googlecode.charts4j.collect; import java.util.Collection; /** * Simple static methods to be called at the start of your own methods to verify * correct arguments and state. This allows constructs such as * * <pre> * if (count <= 0) { * throw new IllegalArgumentException("must be positive: " + count); * } * </pre> * * to be replaced with the more compact * * <pre> * checkArgument(count > 0, "must be positive: %s", count); * </pre> * * Note that the sense of the expression is inverted; with {@code Preconditions} * you declare what you expect to be <i>true</i>, just as you do with an <a * href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/language/assert.html"> * {@code assert}</a> or a JUnit {@code assertTrue()} call. * * <p> * Take care not to confuse precondition checking with other similar types of * checks! Precondition exceptions -- including those provided here, but also * {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException}, {@link NoSuchElementException}, * {@link UnsupportedOperationException} and others -- are used to signal that * the <i>calling method</i> has made an error. This tells the caller that it * should not have invoked the method when it did, with the arguments it did, or * perhaps <i>ever</i>. Postcondition or other invariant failures should not * throw these types of exceptions. * * <p> * <b>Note:</b> The methods of the {@code Preconditions} class are highly * unusual in one way: they are <i>supposed to</i> throw exceptions, and promise * in their specifications to do so even when given perfectly valid input. That * is, {@code null} is a valid parameter to the method * {@link #checkNotNull(Object)} -- and technically this parameter could be even * marked as {@link Nullable} -- yet the method will still throw an exception * anyway, because that's what its contract says to do. * * @author Kevin Bourrillion */ public final class Preconditions { private Preconditions() { } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to * the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code expression} is false */ public static void checkArgument(boolean expression) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to * the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @param errorMessage * the exception message to use if the check fails; will be * converted to a string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)} * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code expression} is false */ public static void checkArgument(boolean expression, Object errorMessage) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.valueOf(errorMessage)); } } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to * the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @param errorMessageTemplate * a template for the exception message should the check fail. * The message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder * in the template with an argument. These are matched by * position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code * errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be * appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched * placeholders will be left as-is. * @param errorMessageArgs * the arguments to be substituted into the message template. * Arguments are converted to strings using * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}. * @throws IllegalArgumentException * if {@code expression} is false * @throws NullPointerException * if the check fails and either {@code errorMessageTemplate} or * {@code errorMessageArgs} is null (don't let this happen) */ public static void checkArgument(boolean expression, String errorMessageTemplate, Object... errorMessageArgs) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(format(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs)); } } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling * instance, but not involving any parameters to the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @throws IllegalStateException * if {@code expression} is false */ public static void checkState(boolean expression) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalStateException(); } } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling * instance, but not involving any parameters to the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @param errorMessage * the exception message to use if the check fails; will be * converted to a string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)} * @throws IllegalStateException * if {@code expression} is false */ public static void checkState(boolean expression, Object errorMessage) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalStateException(String.valueOf(errorMessage)); } } /** * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling * instance, but not involving any parameters to the calling method. * * @param expression * a boolean expression * @param errorMessageTemplate * a template for the exception message should the check fail. * The message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder * in the template with an argument. These are matched by * position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code * errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be * appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched * placeholders will be left as-is. * @param errorMessageArgs * the arguments to be substituted into the message template. * Arguments are converted to strings using * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}. * @throws IllegalStateException * if {@code expression} is false * @throws NullPointerException * if the check fails and either {@code errorMessageTemplate} or * {@code errorMessageArgs} is null (don't let this happen) */ public static void checkState(boolean expression, String errorMessageTemplate, Object... errorMessageArgs) { if (!expression) { throw new IllegalStateException(format(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs)); } } /** * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling * method is not null. * * @param reference * an object reference * @return the non-null reference that was validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code reference} is null */ public static <T> T checkNotNull(T reference) { if (reference == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } return reference; } /** * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling * method is not null. * * @param reference * an object reference * @param errorMessage * the exception message to use if the check fails; will be * converted to a string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)} * @return the non-null reference that was validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code reference} is null */ public static <T> T checkNotNull(T reference, Object errorMessage) { if (reference == null) { throw new NullPointerException(String.valueOf(errorMessage)); } return reference; } /** * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling * method is not null. * * @param reference * an object reference * @param errorMessageTemplate * a template for the exception message should the check fail. * The message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder * in the template with an argument. These are matched by * position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code * errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be * appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched * placeholders will be left as-is. * @param errorMessageArgs * the arguments to be substituted into the message template. * Arguments are converted to strings using * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}. * @return the non-null reference that was validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code reference} is null */ public static <T> T checkNotNull(T reference, String errorMessageTemplate, Object... errorMessageArgs) { if (reference == null) { // If either of these parameters is null, the right thing happens // anyway throw new NullPointerException(format(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs)); } return reference; } /** * Ensures that an {@code Iterable} object passed as a parameter to the * calling method is not null and contains no null elements. * * @param iterable * the iterable to check the contents of * @return the non-null {@code iterable} reference just validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code iterable} is null or contains at least one null * element */ public static <T extends Iterable<?>> T checkContentsNotNull(T iterable) { if (containsOrIsNull(iterable)) { throw new NullPointerException(); } return iterable; } /** * Ensures that an {@code Iterable} object passed as a parameter to the * calling method is not null and contains no null elements. * * @param iterable * the iterable to check the contents of * @param errorMessage * the exception message to use if the check fails; will be * converted to a string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)} * @return the non-null {@code iterable} reference just validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code iterable} is null or contains at least one null * element */ public static <T extends Iterable<?>> T checkContentsNotNull(T iterable, Object errorMessage) { if (containsOrIsNull(iterable)) { throw new NullPointerException(String.valueOf(errorMessage)); } return iterable; } /** * Ensures that an {@code Iterable} object passed as a parameter to the * calling method is not null and contains no null elements. * * @param iterable * the iterable to check the contents of * @param errorMessageTemplate * a template for the exception message should the check fail. * The message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder * in the template with an argument. These are matched by * position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code * errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be * appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched * placeholders will be left as-is. * @param errorMessageArgs * the arguments to be substituted into the message template. * Arguments are converted to strings using * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}. * @return the non-null {@code iterable} reference just validated * @throws NullPointerException * if {@code iterable} is null or contains at least one null * element */ public static <T extends Iterable<?>> T checkContentsNotNull(T iterable, String errorMessageTemplate, Object... errorMessageArgs) { if (containsOrIsNull(iterable)) { throw new NullPointerException(format(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs)); } return iterable; } private static boolean containsOrIsNull(Iterable<?> iterable) { if (iterable == null) { return true; } if (iterable instanceof Collection) { Collection<?> collection = (Collection<?>) iterable; try { return collection.contains(null); } catch (NullPointerException e) { // A NPE implies that the collection doesn't contain null. return false; } } else { for (Object element : iterable) { if (element == null) { return true; } } return false; } } /** * Substitutes each {@code %s} in {@code template} with an argument. These * are matched by position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code args[0]}, etc. * If there are more arguments than placeholders, the unmatched arguments * will be appended to the end of the formatted message in square braces. * * @param template * a non-null string containing 0 or more {@code %s} * placeholders. * @param args * the arguments to be substituted into the message template. * Arguments are converted to strings using * {@link String#valueOf(Object)}. Arguments can be null. */ // VisibleForTesting static String format(String template, Object... args) { // start substituting the arguments into the '%s' placeholders StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(template.length() + 16 * args.length); int templateStart = 0; int i = 0; while (i < args.length) { int placeholderStart = template.indexOf("%s", templateStart); if (placeholderStart == -1) { break; } builder.append(template.substring(templateStart, placeholderStart)); builder.append(args[i++]); templateStart = placeholderStart + 2; } builder.append(template.substring(templateStart)); // if we run out of placeholders, append the extra args in square braces if (i < args.length) { builder.append(" ["); builder.append(args[i++]); while (i < args.length) { builder.append(", "); builder.append(args[i++]); } builder.append("]"); } return builder.toString(); } }