/*
* Copyright 2012 The Netty Project
*
* The Netty Project licenses this file to you under the Apache License,
* version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package org.jboss.netty.channel.socket.nio;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelException;
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.jboss.netty.logging.InternalLogger;
import org.jboss.netty.logging.InternalLoggerFactory;
import org.jboss.netty.util.ThreadNameDeterminer;
import org.jboss.netty.util.ThreadRenamingRunnable;
import org.jboss.netty.util.internal.DeadLockProofWorker;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.CancelledKeyException;
import java.nio.channels.DatagramChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectableChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
abstract class AbstractNioSelector implements NioSelector {
private static final AtomicInteger nextId = new AtomicInteger();
private final int id = nextId.incrementAndGet();
/**
* Internal Netty logger.
*/
protected static final InternalLogger logger = InternalLoggerFactory
.getInstance(AbstractNioSelector.class);
private static final int CLEANUP_INTERVAL = 256; // XXX Hard-coded value, but won't need customization.
/**
* Executor used to execute {@link Runnable}s such as channel registration
* task.
*/
private final Executor executor;
/**
* If this worker has been started thread will be a reference to the thread
* used when starting. i.e. the current thread when the run method is executed.
*/
protected volatile Thread thread;
/**
* The NIO {@link Selector}.
*/
protected volatile Selector selector;
/**
* Boolean that controls determines if a blocked Selector.select should
* break out of its selection process. In our case we use a timeone for
* the select method and the select method will block for that time unless
* waken up.
*/
protected final AtomicBoolean wakenUp = new AtomicBoolean();
private final Queue<Runnable> taskQueue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Runnable>();
private volatile int cancelledKeys; // should use AtomicInteger but we just need approximation
private final CountDownLatch shutdownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
private volatile boolean shutdown;
AbstractNioSelector(Executor executor) {
this(executor, null);
}
AbstractNioSelector(Executor executor, ThreadNameDeterminer determiner) {
this.executor = executor;
openSelector(determiner);
}
public void register(Channel channel, ChannelFuture future) {
Runnable task = createRegisterTask(channel, future);
registerTask(task);
}
protected final void registerTask(Runnable task) {
taskQueue.add(task);
Selector selector = this.selector;
if (selector != null) {
if (wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
selector.wakeup();
}
} else {
if (taskQueue.remove(task)) {
// the selector was null this means the Worker has already been shutdown.
throw new RejectedExecutionException("Worker has already been shutdown");
}
}
}
protected final boolean isIoThread() {
return Thread.currentThread() == thread;
}
public void rebuildSelector() {
if (!isIoThread()) {
taskQueue.add(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
rebuildSelector();
}
});
return;
}
final Selector oldSelector = selector;
final Selector newSelector;
if (oldSelector == null) {
return;
}
try {
newSelector = SelectorUtil.open();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("Failed to create a new Selector.", e);
return;
}
// Register all channels to the new Selector.
int nChannels = 0;
for (;;) {
try {
for (SelectionKey key: oldSelector.keys()) {
try {
if (key.channel().keyFor(newSelector) != null) {
continue;
}
int interestOps = key.interestOps();
key.cancel();
key.channel().register(newSelector, interestOps, key.attachment());
nChannels ++;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("Failed to re-register a Channel to the new Selector,", e);
close(key);
}
}
} catch (ConcurrentModificationException e) {
// Probably due to concurrent modification of the key set.
continue;
}
break;
}
selector = newSelector;
try {
// time to close the old selector as everything else is registered to the new one
oldSelector.close();
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Failed to close the old Selector.", t);
}
}
logger.info("Migrated " + nChannels + " channel(s) to the new Selector,");
}
public void run() {
thread = Thread.currentThread();
int selectReturnsImmediately = 0;
Selector selector = this.selector;
if (selector == null) {
return;
}
// use 80% of the timeout for measure
final long minSelectTimeout = SelectorUtil.SELECT_TIMEOUT_NANOS * 80 / 100;
boolean wakenupFromLoop = false;
for (;;) {
wakenUp.set(false);
try {
long beforeSelect = System.nanoTime();
int selected = select(selector);
if (SelectorUtil.EPOLL_BUG_WORKAROUND && selected == 0 && !wakenupFromLoop && !wakenUp.get()) {
long timeBlocked = System.nanoTime() - beforeSelect;
if (timeBlocked < minSelectTimeout) {
boolean notConnected = false;
// loop over all keys as the selector may was unblocked because of a closed channel
for (SelectionKey key: selector.keys()) {
SelectableChannel ch = key.channel();
try {
if (ch instanceof DatagramChannel && !ch.isOpen() ||
ch instanceof SocketChannel && !((SocketChannel) ch).isConnected()) {
notConnected = true;
// cancel the key just to be on the safe side
key.cancel();
}
} catch (CancelledKeyException e) {
// ignore
}
}
if (notConnected) {
selectReturnsImmediately = 0;
} else {
// returned before the minSelectTimeout elapsed with nothing select.
// this may be the cause of the jdk epoll(..) bug, so increment the counter
// which we use later to see if its really the jdk bug.
selectReturnsImmediately ++;
}
} else {
selectReturnsImmediately = 0;
}
if (selectReturnsImmediately == 1024) {
// The selector returned immediately for 10 times in a row,
// so recreate one selector as it seems like we hit the
// famous epoll(..) jdk bug.
rebuildSelector();
selector = this.selector;
selectReturnsImmediately = 0;
wakenupFromLoop = false;
// try to select again
continue;
}
} else {
// reset counter
selectReturnsImmediately = 0;
}
// 'wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)' is always evaluated
// before calling 'selector.wakeup()' to reduce the wake-up
// overhead. (Selector.wakeup() is an expensive operation.)
//
// However, there is a race condition in this approach.
// The race condition is triggered when 'wakenUp' is set to
// true too early.
//
// 'wakenUp' is set to true too early if:
// 1) Selector is waken up between 'wakenUp.set(false)' and
// 'selector.select(...)'. (BAD)
// 2) Selector is waken up between 'selector.select(...)' and
// 'if (wakenUp.get()) { ... }'. (OK)
//
// In the first case, 'wakenUp' is set to true and the
// following 'selector.select(...)' will wake up immediately.
// Until 'wakenUp' is set to false again in the next round,
// 'wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)' will fail, and therefore
// any attempt to wake up the Selector will fail, too, causing
// the following 'selector.select(...)' call to block
// unnecessarily.
//
// To fix this problem, we wake up the selector again if wakenUp
// is true immediately after selector.select(...).
// It is inefficient in that it wakes up the selector for both
// the first case (BAD - wake-up required) and the second case
// (OK - no wake-up required).
if (wakenUp.get()) {
wakenupFromLoop = true;
selector.wakeup();
} else {
wakenupFromLoop = false;
}
cancelledKeys = 0;
processTaskQueue();
selector = this.selector; // processTaskQueue() can call rebuildSelector()
if (shutdown) {
this.selector = null;
// process one time again
processTaskQueue();
for (SelectionKey k: selector.keys()) {
close(k);
}
try {
selector.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.warn(
"Failed to close a selector.", e);
}
shutdownLatch.countDown();
break;
} else {
process(selector);
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
logger.warn(
"Unexpected exception in the selector loop.", t);
// Prevent possible consecutive immediate failures that lead to
// excessive CPU consumption.
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// Ignore.
}
}
}
}
/**
* Start the {@link AbstractNioWorker} and return the {@link Selector} that will be used for
* the {@link AbstractNioChannel}'s when they get registered
*/
private void openSelector(ThreadNameDeterminer determiner) {
try {
selector = SelectorUtil.open();
} catch (Throwable t) {
throw new ChannelException("Failed to create a selector.", t);
}
// Start the worker thread with the new Selector.
boolean success = false;
try {
DeadLockProofWorker.start(executor, newThreadRenamingRunnable(id, determiner));
success = true;
} finally {
if (!success) {
// Release the Selector if the execution fails.
try {
selector.close();
} catch (Throwable t) {
logger.warn("Failed to close a selector.", t);
}
selector = null;
// The method will return to the caller at this point.
}
}
assert selector != null && selector.isOpen();
}
private void processTaskQueue() {
for (;;) {
final Runnable task = taskQueue.poll();
if (task == null) {
break;
}
task.run();
try {
cleanUpCancelledKeys();
} catch (IOException e) {
// Ignore
}
}
}
protected final void increaseCancelledKeys() {
cancelledKeys ++;
}
protected final boolean cleanUpCancelledKeys() throws IOException {
if (cancelledKeys >= CLEANUP_INTERVAL) {
cancelledKeys = 0;
selector.selectNow();
return true;
}
return false;
}
public void shutdown() {
if (isIoThread()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Must not be called from a I/O-Thread to prevent deadlocks!");
}
Selector selector = this.selector;
shutdown = true;
if (selector != null) {
selector.wakeup();
}
try {
shutdownLatch.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
logger.error("Interrupted while wait for resources to be released #" + id);
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
protected abstract void process(Selector selector) throws IOException;
protected int select(Selector selector) throws IOException {
return SelectorUtil.select(selector);
}
protected abstract void close(SelectionKey k);
protected abstract ThreadRenamingRunnable newThreadRenamingRunnable(int id, ThreadNameDeterminer determiner);
protected abstract Runnable createRegisterTask(Channel channel, ChannelFuture future);
}