package org.howsun.util.security;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import org.howsun.core.exception.CodingException;
import org.howsun.util.StringCodes;
/**
* 各种格式的编码加码工具类
*
* @author howsun(zjh@58.com)
* @Date 2010-10-26
* @version v0.1
*/
public abstract class Codings {
public static final String GBK = "GBK";
public static final String UTF8 = "UTF-8";
public static final String UTF16 = "UTF-16";
public static final String UTF16BE = "UTF-16BE";
public static final String UTF16LE = "UTF-16LE";
public static final String US_ASCII = "US-ASCII";
public static final String ISO8859_1 = "ISO-8859-1";
public static final Charset CHARSET_GBK = Charset.forName(GBK);
public static final Charset CHARSET_UTF8 = Charset.forName(UTF8);
public static final Charset CHARSET_ISO8859_1 = Charset.forName(ISO8859_1);
/**
* 默认编码
* @return String
*/
public static String getDefaultEncoding(){
return Charset.defaultCharset().name();
}
/**
* MD5加密
* @param origin
* @return 加密后的结果
*/
public static String MD5Encoding(String origin){
return MD5.MD5Encoding(origin);
}
/**
* Base64编码
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String base64Encode(byte[] input) {
return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(input));
}
public static byte[] base64EncodeToBytes(byte[] input) {
return Base64.encodeBase64(input);
}
/**
* Base64编码, URL安全(将Base64中的URL非法字符如+,/=转为其他字符, 见RFC3548).
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String base64UrlSafeEncode(byte[] input) {
return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(input);
}
/**
* Base64解码.
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static byte[] base64Decode(String input) {
return Base64.decodeBase64(input);
}
/**
* URL 编码, Encode默认为UTF-8.
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String urlEncode(String input) {
try {
return URLEncoder.encode(input, UTF8);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new CodingException("Unsupported Encoding Exception", e);
}
}
/**
* URL 解码, Encode默认为UTF-8.
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String urlDecode(String input) {
try {
return URLDecoder.decode(input, UTF8);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new CodingException("Unsupported Encoding Exception", e);
}
}
/**
* Hex编码.
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static String hexEncode(byte[] input) {
return Hex.encodeHexString(input);
}
/**
* Hex解码.
* @param input
* @return
*/
public static byte[] hexDecode(String input) {
try {
return Hex.decodeHex(input.toCharArray());
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new CodingException("Hex Decoder exception", e);
}
}
/**
* Html 转码.
public static String htmlEscape(String html) {
return StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml(html);
}
*/
/**
* Html 解码.
public static String htmlUnescape(String htmlEscaped) {
return StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml(htmlEscaped);
}
*/
/**
* Xml 转码.
public static String xmlEscape(String xml) {
return StringEscapeUtils.escapeXml(xml);
}
*/
/**
* Xml 解码.
public static String xmlUnescape(String xmlEscaped) {
return StringEscapeUtils.unescapeXml(xmlEscaped);
}
*/
/**
* MD5加密算法
*/
static class MD5{
private static final String[] hexDigits = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };
private static MessageDigest md;
static {
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
} catch (Exception e) {}
};
public static String byteArrayToHexString(byte[] b) {
StringBuffer resultSb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < b.length; ++i) {
resultSb.append(byteToHexString(b[i]));
}
return resultSb.toString();
}
private static String byteToHexString(byte b){
int n = b;
if (n < 0)
n += 256;
int d1 = n / 16;
int d2 = n % 16;
return hexDigits[d1] + hexDigits[d2];
}
public static String MD5Encoding(String origin) {
String resultString = null;
try{
resultString = new String(origin);
resultString = byteArrayToHexString(md.digest(resultString.getBytes()));
}
catch (Exception localException) {
}
return resultString;
}
}
/**
* Base64编码算法
*/
static class Base64{
private static final int DEFAULT_BUFFER_RESIZE_FACTOR = 2;
private static final int DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE = 8192;
/**
* Chunk size per RFC 2045 section 6.8.
*
* <p>
* The {@value} character limit does not count the trailing CRLF, but counts all other characters, including any
* equal signs.
* </p>
*
* @see <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">RFC 2045 section 6.8</a>
*/
static final int CHUNK_SIZE = 76;
/**
* Chunk separator per RFC 2045 section 2.1.
*
* <p>
* N.B. The next major release may break compatibility and make this field private.
* </p>
*
* @see <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">RFC 2045 section 2.1</a>
*/
static final byte[] CHUNK_SEPARATOR = {'\r', '\n'};
/**
* This array is a lookup table that translates 6-bit positive integer index values into their "Base64 Alphabet"
* equivalents as specified in Table 1 of RFC 2045.
*
* Thanks to "commons" project in ws.apache.org for this code.
* http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/util/
*/
private static final byte[] STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE = {
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'
};
/**
* This is a copy of the STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE above, but with + and /
* changed to - and _ to make the encoded Base64 results more URL-SAFE.
* This table is only used when the Base64's mode is set to URL-SAFE.
*/
private static final byte[] URL_SAFE_ENCODE_TABLE = {
'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '-', '_'
};
/**
* Byte used to pad output.
*/
private static final byte PAD = '=';
/**
* This array is a lookup table that translates Unicode characters drawn from the "Base64 Alphabet" (as specified in
* Table 1 of RFC 2045) into their 6-bit positive integer equivalents. Characters that are not in the Base64
* alphabet but fall within the bounds of the array are translated to -1.
*
* Note: '+' and '-' both decode to 62. '/' and '_' both decode to 63. This means decoder seamlessly handles both
* URL_SAFE and STANDARD base64. (The encoder, on the other hand, needs to know ahead of time what to emit).
*
* Thanks to "commons" project in ws.apache.org for this code.
* http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/util/
*/
private static final byte[] DECODE_TABLE = {
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, 62, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54,
55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, 63, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,
35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51
};
/** Mask used to extract 6 bits, used when encoding */
private static final int MASK_6BITS = 0x3f;
/** Mask used to extract 8 bits, used in decoding base64 bytes */
private static final int MASK_8BITS = 0xff;
// The static final fields above are used for the original static byte[] methods on Base64.
// The private member fields below are used with the new streaming approach, which requires
// some state be preserved between calls of encode() and decode().
/**
* Encode table to use: either STANDARD or URL_SAFE. Note: the DECODE_TABLE above remains static because it is able
* to decode both STANDARD and URL_SAFE streams, but the encodeTable must be a member variable so we can switch
* between the two modes.
*/
private final byte[] encodeTable;
/**
* Line length for encoding. Not used when decoding. A value of zero or less implies no chunking of the base64
* encoded data.
*/
private final int lineLength;
/**
* Line separator for encoding. Not used when decoding. Only used if lineLength > 0.
*/
private final byte[] lineSeparator;
/**
* Convenience variable to help us determine when our buffer is going to run out of room and needs resizing.
* <code>decodeSize = 3 + lineSeparator.length;</code>
*/
private final int decodeSize;
/**
* Convenience variable to help us determine when our buffer is going to run out of room and needs resizing.
* <code>encodeSize = 4 + lineSeparator.length;</code>
*/
private final int encodeSize;
/**
* Buffer for streaming.
*/
private byte[] buffer;
/**
* Position where next character should be written in the buffer.
*/
private int pos;
/**
* Position where next character should be read from the buffer.
*/
private int readPos;
/**
* Variable tracks how many characters have been written to the current line. Only used when encoding. We use it to
* make sure each encoded line never goes beyond lineLength (if lineLength > 0).
*/
private int currentLinePos;
/**
* Writes to the buffer only occur after every 3 reads when encoding, an every 4 reads when decoding. This variable
* helps track that.
*/
private int modulus;
/**
* Boolean flag to indicate the EOF has been reached. Once EOF has been reached, this Base64 object becomes useless,
* and must be thrown away.
*/
private boolean eof;
/**
* Place holder for the 3 bytes we're dealing with for our base64 logic. Bitwise operations store and extract the
* base64 encoding or decoding from this variable.
*/
private int x;
/**
* Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
* <p>
* When encoding the line length is 76, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* When decoding all variants are supported.
* </p>
*/
public Base64() {
this(false);
}
/**
* Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in the given URL-safe mode.
* <p>
* When encoding the line length is 76, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.
* </p>
*
* <p>
* When decoding all variants are supported.
* </p>
*
* @param urlSafe
* if <code>true</code>, URL-safe encoding is used. In most cases this should be set to
* <code>false</code>.
* @since 1.4
*/
public Base64(boolean urlSafe) {
this(CHUNK_SIZE, CHUNK_SEPARATOR, urlSafe);
}
/**
* Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
* <p>
* When encoding the line length is given in the constructor, the line separator is CRLF, and the encoding table is
* STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.
* </p>
* <p>
* Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.
* </p>
* <p>
* When decoding all variants are supported.
* </p>
*
* @param lineLength
* Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4).
* If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
* @since 1.4
*/
public Base64(int lineLength) {
this(lineLength, CHUNK_SEPARATOR);
}
/**
* Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
* <p>
* When encoding the line length and line separator are given in the constructor, and the encoding table is
* STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.
* </p>
* <p>
* Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.
* </p>
* <p>
* When decoding all variants are supported.
* </p>
*
* @param lineLength
* Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4).
* If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
* @param lineSeparator
* Each line of encoded data will end with this sequence of bytes.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* Thrown when the provided lineSeparator included some base64 characters.
* @since 1.4
*/
public Base64(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator) {
this(lineLength, lineSeparator, false);
}
/**
* Creates a Base64 codec used for decoding (all modes) and encoding in URL-unsafe mode.
* <p>
* When encoding the line length and line separator are given in the constructor, and the encoding table is
* STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE.
* </p>
* <p>
* Line lengths that aren't multiples of 4 will still essentially end up being multiples of 4 in the encoded data.
* </p>
* <p>
* When decoding all variants are supported.
* </p>
*
* @param lineLength
* Each line of encoded data will be at most of the given length (rounded down to nearest multiple of 4).
* If lineLength <= 0, then the output will not be divided into lines (chunks). Ignored when decoding.
* @param lineSeparator
* Each line of encoded data will end with this sequence of bytes.
* @param urlSafe
* Instead of emitting '+' and '/' we emit '-' and '_' respectively. urlSafe is only applied to encode
* operations. Decoding seamlessly handles both modes.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* The provided lineSeparator included some base64 characters. That's not going to work!
* @since 1.4
*/
public Base64(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator, boolean urlSafe) {
if (lineSeparator == null) {
lineLength = 0; // disable chunk-separating
lineSeparator = CHUNK_SEPARATOR; // this just gets ignored
}
this.lineLength = lineLength > 0 ? (lineLength / 4) * 4 : 0;
this.lineSeparator = new byte[lineSeparator.length];
System.arraycopy(lineSeparator, 0, this.lineSeparator, 0, lineSeparator.length);
if (lineLength > 0) {
this.encodeSize = 4 + lineSeparator.length;
} else {
this.encodeSize = 4;
}
this.decodeSize = this.encodeSize - 1;
if (containsBase64Byte(lineSeparator)) {
String sep = StringCodes.newStringUtf8(lineSeparator);
throw new IllegalArgumentException("lineSeperator must not contain base64 characters: [" + sep + "]");
}
this.encodeTable = urlSafe ? URL_SAFE_ENCODE_TABLE : STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE;
}
/**
* Returns our current encode mode. True if we're URL-SAFE, false otherwise.
*
* @return true if we're in URL-SAFE mode, false otherwise.
* @since 1.4
*/
public boolean isUrlSafe() {
return this.encodeTable == URL_SAFE_ENCODE_TABLE;
}
/**
* Returns true if this Base64 object has buffered data for reading.
*
* @return true if there is Base64 object still available for reading.
*/
boolean hasData() {
return this.buffer != null;
}
/**
* Returns the amount of buffered data available for reading.
*
* @return The amount of buffered data available for reading.
*/
int avail() {
return buffer != null ? pos - readPos : 0;
}
/** Doubles our buffer. */
private void resizeBuffer() {
if (buffer == null) {
buffer = new byte[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
pos = 0;
readPos = 0;
} else {
byte[] b = new byte[buffer.length * DEFAULT_BUFFER_RESIZE_FACTOR];
System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, b, 0, buffer.length);
buffer = b;
}
}
/**
* Extracts buffered data into the provided byte[] array, starting at position bPos, up to a maximum of bAvail
* bytes. Returns how many bytes were actually extracted.
*
* @param b
* byte[] array to extract the buffered data into.
* @param bPos
* position in byte[] array to start extraction at.
* @param bAvail
* amount of bytes we're allowed to extract. We may extract fewer (if fewer are available).
* @return The number of bytes successfully extracted into the provided byte[] array.
*/
int readResults(byte[] b, int bPos, int bAvail) {
if (buffer != null) {
int len = Math.min(avail(), bAvail);
if (buffer != b) {
System.arraycopy(buffer, readPos, b, bPos, len);
readPos += len;
if (readPos >= pos) {
buffer = null;
}
} else {
// Re-using the original consumer's output array is only
// allowed for one round.
buffer = null;
}
return len;
}
return eof ? -1 : 0;
}
/**
* Sets the streaming buffer. This is a small optimization where we try to buffer directly to the consumer's output
* array for one round (if the consumer calls this method first) instead of starting our own buffer.
*
* @param out
* byte[] array to buffer directly to.
* @param outPos
* Position to start buffering into.
* @param outAvail
* Amount of bytes available for direct buffering.
*/
void setInitialBuffer(byte[] out, int outPos, int outAvail) {
// We can re-use consumer's original output array under
// special circumstances, saving on some System.arraycopy().
if (out != null && out.length == outAvail) {
buffer = out;
pos = outPos;
readPos = outPos;
}
}
/**
* <p>
* Encodes all of the provided data, starting at inPos, for inAvail bytes. Must be called at least twice: once with
* the data to encode, and once with inAvail set to "-1" to alert encoder that EOF has been reached, so flush last
* remaining bytes (if not multiple of 3).
* </p>
* <p>
* Thanks to "commons" project in ws.apache.org for the bitwise operations, and general approach.
* http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/util/
* </p>
*
* @param in
* byte[] array of binary data to base64 encode.
* @param inPos
* Position to start reading data from.
* @param inAvail
* Amount of bytes available from input for encoding.
*/
void encode(byte[] in, int inPos, int inAvail) {
if (eof) {
return;
}
// inAvail < 0 is how we're informed of EOF in the underlying data we're
// encoding.
if (inAvail < 0) {
eof = true;
if (buffer == null || buffer.length - pos < encodeSize) {
resizeBuffer();
}
switch (modulus) {
case 1 :
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 2) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x << 4) & MASK_6BITS];
// URL-SAFE skips the padding to further reduce size.
if (encodeTable == STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE) {
buffer[pos++] = PAD;
buffer[pos++] = PAD;
}
break;
case 2 :
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 10) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 4) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x << 2) & MASK_6BITS];
// URL-SAFE skips the padding to further reduce size.
if (encodeTable == STANDARD_ENCODE_TABLE) {
buffer[pos++] = PAD;
}
break;
}
if (lineLength > 0 && pos > 0) {
System.arraycopy(lineSeparator, 0, buffer, pos, lineSeparator.length);
pos += lineSeparator.length;
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < inAvail; i++) {
if (buffer == null || buffer.length - pos < encodeSize) {
resizeBuffer();
}
modulus = (++modulus) % 3;
int b = in[inPos++];
if (b < 0) {
b += 256;
}
x = (x << 8) + b;
if (0 == modulus) {
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 18) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 12) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[(x >> 6) & MASK_6BITS];
buffer[pos++] = encodeTable[x & MASK_6BITS];
currentLinePos += 4;
if (lineLength > 0 && lineLength <= currentLinePos) {
System.arraycopy(lineSeparator, 0, buffer, pos, lineSeparator.length);
pos += lineSeparator.length;
currentLinePos = 0;
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* <p>
* Decodes all of the provided data, starting at inPos, for inAvail bytes. Should be called at least twice: once
* with the data to decode, and once with inAvail set to "-1" to alert decoder that EOF has been reached. The "-1"
* call is not necessary when decoding, but it doesn't hurt, either.
* </p>
* <p>
* Ignores all non-base64 characters. This is how chunked (e.g. 76 character) data is handled, since CR and LF are
* silently ignored, but has implications for other bytes, too. This method subscribes to the garbage-in,
* garbage-out philosophy: it will not check the provided data for validity.
* </p>
* <p>
* Thanks to "commons" project in ws.apache.org for the bitwise operations, and general approach.
* http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/webservices/commons/trunk/modules/util/
* </p>
*
* @param in
* byte[] array of ascii data to base64 decode.
* @param inPos
* Position to start reading data from.
* @param inAvail
* Amount of bytes available from input for encoding.
*/
void decode(byte[] in, int inPos, int inAvail) {
if (eof) {
return;
}
if (inAvail < 0) {
eof = true;
}
for (int i = 0; i < inAvail; i++) {
if (buffer == null || buffer.length - pos < decodeSize) {
resizeBuffer();
}
byte b = in[inPos++];
if (b == PAD) {
// We're done.
eof = true;
break;
} else {
if (b >= 0 && b < DECODE_TABLE.length) {
int result = DECODE_TABLE[b];
if (result >= 0) {
modulus = (++modulus) % 4;
x = (x << 6) + result;
if (modulus == 0) {
buffer[pos++] = (byte) ((x >> 16) & MASK_8BITS);
buffer[pos++] = (byte) ((x >> 8) & MASK_8BITS);
buffer[pos++] = (byte) (x & MASK_8BITS);
}
}
}
}
}
// Two forms of EOF as far as base64 decoder is concerned: actual
// EOF (-1) and first time '=' character is encountered in stream.
// This approach makes the '=' padding characters completely optional.
if (eof && modulus != 0) {
x = x << 6;
switch (modulus) {
case 2 :
x = x << 6;
buffer[pos++] = (byte) ((x >> 16) & MASK_8BITS);
break;
case 3 :
buffer[pos++] = (byte) ((x >> 16) & MASK_8BITS);
buffer[pos++] = (byte) ((x >> 8) & MASK_8BITS);
break;
}
}
}
/**
* Returns whether or not the <code>octet</code> is in the base 64 alphabet.
*
* @param octet
* The value to test
* @return <code>true</code> if the value is defined in the the base 64 alphabet, <code>false</code> otherwise.
* @since 1.4
*/
public static boolean isBase64(byte octet) {
return octet == PAD || (octet >= 0 && octet < DECODE_TABLE.length && DECODE_TABLE[octet] != -1);
}
/**
* Tests a given byte array to see if it contains only valid characters within the Base64 alphabet. Currently the
* method treats whitespace as valid.
*
* @param arrayOctet
* byte array to test
* @return <code>true</code> if all bytes are valid characters in the Base64 alphabet or if the byte array is empty;
* false, otherwise
*/
public static boolean isArrayByteBase64(byte[] arrayOctet) {
for (int i = 0; i < arrayOctet.length; i++) {
if (!isBase64(arrayOctet[i]) && !isWhiteSpace(arrayOctet[i])) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* Tests a given byte array to see if it contains only valid characters within the Base64 alphabet.
*
* @param arrayOctet
* byte array to test
* @return <code>true</code> if any byte is a valid character in the Base64 alphabet; false herwise
*/
private static boolean containsBase64Byte(byte[] arrayOctet) {
for (int i = 0; i < arrayOctet.length; i++) {
if (isBase64(arrayOctet[i])) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output.
*
* @param binaryData
* binary data to encode
* @return byte[] containing Base64 characters in their UTF-8 representation.
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData) {
return encodeBase64(binaryData, false);
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm into 76 character blocks separated by CRLF.
*
* @param binaryData
* binary data to encode
* @return String containing Base64 characters.
* @since 1.4
*/
public static String encodeBase64String(byte[] binaryData) {
return StringCodes.newStringUtf8(encodeBase64(binaryData, true));
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output. The
* url-safe variation emits - and _ instead of + and / characters.
*
* @param binaryData
* binary data to encode
* @return byte[] containing Base64 characters in their UTF-8 representation.
* @since 1.4
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64URLSafe(byte[] binaryData) {
return encodeBase64(binaryData, false, true);
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm but does not chunk the output. The
* url-safe variation emits - and _ instead of + and / characters.
*
* @param binaryData
* binary data to encode
* @return String containing Base64 characters
* @since 1.4
*/
public static String encodeBase64URLSafeString(byte[] binaryData) {
return StringCodes.newStringUtf8(encodeBase64(binaryData, false, true));
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm and chunks the encoded output into 76 character blocks
*
* @param binaryData
* binary data to encode
* @return Base64 characters chunked in 76 character blocks
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64Chunked(byte[] binaryData) {
return encodeBase64(binaryData, true);
}
/**
* Decodes an Object using the base64 algorithm. This method is provided in order to satisfy the requirements of the
* Decoder interface, and will throw a DecoderException if the supplied object is not of type byte[] or String.
*
* @param pObject
* Object to decode
* @return An object (of type byte[]) containing the binary data which corresponds to the byte[] or String supplied.
* @throws CodingException
* if the parameter supplied is not of type byte[]
*/
public Object decode(Object pObject) throws CodingException {
if (pObject instanceof byte[]) {
return decode((byte[]) pObject);
} else if (pObject instanceof String) {
return decode((String) pObject);
} else {
throw new CodingException("Parameter supplied to Base64 decode is not a byte[] or a String");
}
}
/**
* Decodes a String containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
*
* @param pArray
* A String containing Base64 character data
* @return a byte array containing binary data
* @since 1.4
*/
public byte[] decode(String pArray) {
return decode(StringCodes.getBytesUtf8(pArray));
}
/**
* Decodes a byte[] containing containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
*
* @param pArray
* A byte array containing Base64 character data
* @return a byte array containing binary data
*/
public byte[] decode(byte[] pArray) {
reset();
if (pArray == null || pArray.length == 0) {
return pArray;
}
long len = (pArray.length * 3) / 4;
byte[] buf = new byte[(int) len];
setInitialBuffer(buf, 0, buf.length);
decode(pArray, 0, pArray.length);
decode(pArray, 0, -1); // Notify decoder of EOF.
// Would be nice to just return buf (like we sometimes do in the encode
// logic), but we have no idea what the line-length was (could even be
// variable). So we cannot determine ahead of time exactly how big an
// array is necessary. Hence the need to construct a 2nd byte array to
// hold the final result:
byte[] result = new byte[pos];
readResults(result, 0, result.length);
return result;
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
*
* @param binaryData
* Array containing binary data to encode.
* @param isChunked
* if <code>true</code> this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
* @return Base64-encoded data.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked) {
return encodeBase64(binaryData, isChunked, false);
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
*
* @param binaryData
* Array containing binary data to encode.
* @param isChunked
* if <code>true</code> this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
* @param urlSafe
* if <code>true</code> this encoder will emit - and _ instead of the usual + and / characters.
* @return Base64-encoded data.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}
* @since 1.4
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked, boolean urlSafe) {
return encodeBase64(binaryData, isChunked, urlSafe, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
/**
* Encodes binary data using the base64 algorithm, optionally chunking the output into 76 character blocks.
*
* @param binaryData
* Array containing binary data to encode.
* @param isChunked
* if <code>true</code> this encoder will chunk the base64 output into 76 character blocks
* @param urlSafe
* if <code>true</code> this encoder will emit - and _ instead of the usual + and / characters.
* @param maxResultSize
* The maximum result size to accept.
* @return Base64-encoded data.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* Thrown when the input array needs an output array bigger than maxResultSize
* @since 1.4
*/
public static byte[] encodeBase64(byte[] binaryData, boolean isChunked, boolean urlSafe, int maxResultSize) {
if (binaryData == null || binaryData.length == 0) {
return binaryData;
}
long len = getEncodeLength(binaryData, CHUNK_SIZE, CHUNK_SEPARATOR);
if (len > maxResultSize) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Input array too big, the output array would be bigger (" +
len +
") than the specified maxium size of " +
maxResultSize);
}
Base64 b64 = isChunked ? new Base64(urlSafe) : new Base64(0, CHUNK_SEPARATOR, urlSafe);
return b64.encode(binaryData);
}
/**
* Decodes a Base64 String into octets
*
* @param base64String
* String containing Base64 data
* @return Array containing decoded data.
* @since 1.4
*/
public static byte[] decodeBase64(String base64String) {
return new Base64().decode(base64String);
}
/**
* Decodes Base64 data into octets
*
* @param base64Data
* Byte array containing Base64 data
* @return Array containing decoded data.
*/
public static byte[] decodeBase64(byte[] base64Data) {
return new Base64().decode(base64Data);
}
/**
* Checks if a byte value is whitespace or not.
*
* @param byteToCheck
* the byte to check
* @return true if byte is whitespace, false otherwise
*/
private static boolean isWhiteSpace(byte byteToCheck) {
switch (byteToCheck) {
case ' ' :
case '\n' :
case '\r' :
case '\t' :
return true;
default :
return false;
}
}
// Implementation of the Encoder Interface
/**
* Encodes an Object using the base64 algorithm. This method is provided in order to satisfy the requirements of the
* Encoder interface, and will throw an EncoderException if the supplied object is not of type byte[].
*
* @param pObject
* Object to encode
* @return An object (of type byte[]) containing the base64 encoded data which corresponds to the byte[] supplied.
* @throws EncoderException
* if the parameter supplied is not of type byte[]
*/
public Object encode(Object pObject) throws CodingException {
if (!(pObject instanceof byte[])) {
throw new CodingException("Parameter supplied to Base64 encode is not a byte[]");
}
return encode((byte[]) pObject);
}
/**
* Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a String containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
*
* @param pArray
* a byte array containing binary data
* @return A String containing only Base64 character data
* @since 1.4
*/
public String encodeToString(byte[] pArray) {
return StringCodes.newStringUtf8(encode(pArray));
}
/**
* Encodes a byte[] containing binary data, into a byte[] containing characters in the Base64 alphabet.
*
* @param pArray
* a byte array containing binary data
* @return A byte array containing only Base64 character data
*/
public byte[] encode(byte[] pArray) {
reset();
if (pArray == null || pArray.length == 0) {
return pArray;
}
long len = getEncodeLength(pArray, lineLength, lineSeparator);
byte[] buf = new byte[(int) len];
setInitialBuffer(buf, 0, buf.length);
encode(pArray, 0, pArray.length);
encode(pArray, 0, -1); // Notify encoder of EOF.
// Encoder might have resized, even though it was unnecessary.
if (buffer != buf) {
readResults(buf, 0, buf.length);
}
// In URL-SAFE mode we skip the padding characters, so sometimes our
// final length is a bit smaller.
if (isUrlSafe() && pos < buf.length) {
byte[] smallerBuf = new byte[pos];
System.arraycopy(buf, 0, smallerBuf, 0, pos);
buf = smallerBuf;
}
return buf;
}
/**
* Pre-calculates the amount of space needed to base64-encode the supplied array.
*
* @param pArray byte[] array which will later be encoded
* @param chunkSize line-length of the output (<= 0 means no chunking) between each
* chunkSeparator (e.g. CRLF).
* @param chunkSeparator the sequence of bytes used to separate chunks of output (e.g. CRLF).
*
* @return amount of space needed to encoded the supplied array. Returns
* a long since a max-len array will require Integer.MAX_VALUE + 33%.
*/
private static long getEncodeLength(byte[] pArray, int chunkSize, byte[] chunkSeparator) {
// base64 always encodes to multiples of 4.
chunkSize = (chunkSize / 4) * 4;
long len = (pArray.length * 4) / 3;
long mod = len % 4;
if (mod != 0) {
len += 4 - mod;
}
if (chunkSize > 0) {
boolean lenChunksPerfectly = len % chunkSize == 0;
len += (len / chunkSize) * chunkSeparator.length;
if (!lenChunksPerfectly) {
len += chunkSeparator.length;
}
}
return len;
}
// Implementation of integer encoding used for crypto
/**
* Decodes a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature
*
* @param pArray
* a byte array containing base64 character data
* @return A BigInteger
* @since 1.4
*/
public static BigInteger decodeInteger(byte[] pArray) {
return new BigInteger(1, decodeBase64(pArray));
}
/**
* Encodes to a byte64-encoded integer according to crypto standards such as W3C's XML-Signature
*
* @param bigInt
* a BigInteger
* @return A byte array containing base64 character data
* @throws NullPointerException
* if null is passed in
* @since 1.4
*/
public static byte[] encodeInteger(BigInteger bigInt) {
if (bigInt == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("encodeInteger called with null parameter");
}
return encodeBase64(toIntegerBytes(bigInt), false);
}
/**
* Returns a byte-array representation of a <code>BigInteger</code> without sign bit.
*
* @param bigInt
* <code>BigInteger</code> to be converted
* @return a byte array representation of the BigInteger parameter
*/
static byte[] toIntegerBytes(BigInteger bigInt) {
int bitlen = bigInt.bitLength();
// round bitlen
bitlen = ((bitlen + 7) >> 3) << 3;
byte[] bigBytes = bigInt.toByteArray();
if (((bigInt.bitLength() % 8) != 0) && (((bigInt.bitLength() / 8) + 1) == (bitlen / 8))) {
return bigBytes;
}
// set up params for copying everything but sign bit
int startSrc = 0;
int len = bigBytes.length;
// if bigInt is exactly byte-aligned, just skip signbit in copy
if ((bigInt.bitLength() % 8) == 0) {
startSrc = 1;
len--;
}
int startDst = bitlen / 8 - len; // to pad w/ nulls as per spec
byte[] resizedBytes = new byte[bitlen / 8];
System.arraycopy(bigBytes, startSrc, resizedBytes, startDst, len);
return resizedBytes;
}
/**
* Resets this Base64 object to its initial newly constructed state.
*/
private void reset() {
buffer = null;
pos = 0;
readPos = 0;
currentLinePos = 0;
modulus = 0;
eof = false;
}
}
static class Hex{
/**
* Used to build output as Hex
*/
private static final char[] DIGITS_LOWER = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
/**
* Used to build output as Hex
*/
private static final char[] DIGITS_UPPER = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
/**
* Converts an array of characters representing hexadecimal values into an array of bytes of those same values. The
* returned array will be half the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any given
* byte. An exception is thrown if the passed char array has an odd number of elements.
*
* @param data
* An array of characters containing hexadecimal digits
* @return A byte array containing binary data decoded from the supplied char array.
* @throws DecoderException
* Thrown if an odd number or illegal of characters is supplied
*/
public static byte[] decodeHex(char[] data) throws CodingException {
int len = data.length;
if ((len & 0x01) != 0) {
throw new CodingException("Odd number of characters.");
}
byte[] out = new byte[len >> 1];
// two characters form the hex value.
for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i++) {
int f = toDigit(data[j], j) << 4;
j++;
f = f | toDigit(data[j], j);
j++;
out[i] = (byte) (f & 0xFF);
}
return out;
}
/**
* Converts an array of bytes into an array of characters representing the hexadecimal values of each byte in order.
* The returned array will be double the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any
* given byte.
*
* @param data
* a byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @return A char[] containing hexadecimal characters
*/
public static char[] encodeHex(byte[] data) {
return encodeHex(data, true);
}
/**
* Converts an array of bytes into an array of characters representing the hexadecimal values of each byte in order.
* The returned array will be double the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any
* given byte.
*
* @param data
* a byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @param toLowerCase
* <code>true</code> converts to lowercase, <code>false</code> to uppercase
* @return A char[] containing hexadecimal characters
* @since 1.4
*/
public static char[] encodeHex(byte[] data, boolean toLowerCase) {
return encodeHex(data, toLowerCase ? DIGITS_LOWER : DIGITS_UPPER);
}
/**
* Converts an array of bytes into an array of characters representing the hexadecimal values of each byte in order.
* The returned array will be double the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any
* given byte.
*
* @param data
* a byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @param toDigits
* the output alphabet
* @return A char[] containing hexadecimal characters
* @since 1.4
*/
protected static char[] encodeHex(byte[] data, char[] toDigits) {
int l = data.length;
char[] out = new char[l << 1];
// two characters form the hex value.
for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i++) {
out[j++] = toDigits[(0xF0 & data[i]) >>> 4];
out[j++] = toDigits[0x0F & data[i]];
}
return out;
}
/**
* Converts an array of bytes into a String representing the hexadecimal values of each byte in order. The returned
* String will be double the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any given byte.
*
* @param data
* a byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @return A String containing hexadecimal characters
* @since 1.4
*/
public static String encodeHexString(byte[] data) {
return new String(encodeHex(data));
}
/**
* Converts a hexadecimal character to an integer.
*
* @param ch
* A character to convert to an integer digit
* @param index
* The index of the character in the source
* @return An integer
* @throws DecoderException
* Thrown if ch is an illegal hex character
*/
protected static int toDigit(char ch, int index) throws CodingException {
int digit = Character.digit(ch, 16);
if (digit == -1) {
throw new CodingException("Illegal hexadecimal charcter " + ch + " at index " + index);
}
return digit;
}
private final String charsetName;
public Hex() {
this.charsetName = UTF8;
}
/**
* Creates a new codec with the given charset name.
*
* @param csName
* the charset name.
* @since 1.4
*/
public Hex(String csName) {
this.charsetName = csName;
}
/**
* Converts an array of character bytes representing hexadecimal values into an array of bytes of those same values.
* The returned array will be half the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to represent any given
* byte. An exception is thrown if the passed char array has an odd number of elements.
*
* @param array
* An array of character bytes containing hexadecimal digits
* @return A byte array containing binary data decoded from the supplied byte array (representing characters).
* @throws DecoderException
* Thrown if an odd number of characters is supplied to this function
* @see #decodeHex(char[])
*/
public byte[] decode(byte[] array) throws CodingException {
try {
return decodeHex(new String(array, getCharsetName()).toCharArray());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new CodingException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Converts a String or an array of character bytes representing hexadecimal values into an array of bytes of those
* same values. The returned array will be half the length of the passed String or array, as it takes two characters
* to represent any given byte. An exception is thrown if the passed char array has an odd number of elements.
*
* @param object
* A String or, an array of character bytes containing hexadecimal digits
* @return A byte array containing binary data decoded from the supplied byte array (representing characters).
* @throws DecoderException
* Thrown if an odd number of characters is supplied to this function or the object is not a String or
* char[]
* @see #decodeHex(char[])
*/
public Object decode(Object object) throws CodingException {
try {
char[] charArray = object instanceof String ? ((String) object).toCharArray() : (char[]) object;
return decodeHex(charArray);
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
throw new CodingException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Converts an array of bytes into an array of bytes for the characters representing the hexadecimal values of each
* byte in order. The returned array will be double the length of the passed array, as it takes two characters to
* represent any given byte.
* <p>
* The conversion from hexadecimal characters to the returned bytes is performed with the charset named by
* {@link #getCharsetName()}.
* </p>
*
* @param array
* a byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @return A byte[] containing the bytes of the hexadecimal characters
* @throws IllegalStateException
* if the charsetName is invalid. This API throws {@link IllegalStateException} instead of
* {@link UnsupportedEncodingException} for backward compatibility.
* @see #encodeHex(byte[])
*/
public byte[] encode(byte[] array) {
return StringCodes.getBytesUnchecked(encodeHexString(array), getCharsetName());
}
/**
* Converts a String or an array of bytes into an array of characters representing the hexadecimal values of each
* byte in order. The returned array will be double the length of the passed String or array, as it takes two
* characters to represent any given byte.
* <p>
* The conversion from hexadecimal characters to bytes to be encoded to performed with the charset named by
* {@link #getCharsetName()}.
* </p>
*
* @param object
* a String, or byte[] to convert to Hex characters
* @return A char[] containing hexadecimal characters
* @throws EncoderException
* Thrown if the given object is not a String or byte[]
* @see #encodeHex(byte[])
*/
public Object encode(Object object) throws CodingException {
try {
byte[] byteArray = object instanceof String ? ((String) object).getBytes(getCharsetName()) : (byte[]) object;
return encodeHex(byteArray);
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
throw new CodingException(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new CodingException(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
/**
* Gets the charset name.
*
* @return the charset name.
* @since 1.4
*/
public String getCharsetName() {
return this.charsetName;
}
/**
* Returns a string representation of the object, which includes the charset name.
*
* @return a string representation of the object.
*/
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + "[charsetName=" + this.charsetName + "]";
}
}
}