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* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.apache.cassandra.OrderedJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.apache.cassandra.SchemaLoader;
import org.apache.cassandra.Util;
import org.apache.cassandra.UpdateBuilder;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.ColumnFamilyStore;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.DecoratedKey;
import org.apache.cassandra.db.Keyspace;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Range;
import org.apache.cassandra.dht.Token;
import org.apache.cassandra.exceptions.ConfigurationException;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.ISSTableScanner;
import org.apache.cassandra.io.sstable.format.SSTableReader;
import org.apache.cassandra.notifications.SSTableAddedNotification;
import org.apache.cassandra.notifications.SSTableRepairStatusChanged;
import org.apache.cassandra.streaming.PreviewKind;
import org.apache.cassandra.repair.RepairJobDesc;
import org.apache.cassandra.repair.Validator;
import org.apache.cassandra.schema.CompactionParams;
import org.apache.cassandra.schema.KeyspaceParams;
import org.apache.cassandra.service.ActiveRepairService;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
import static java.util.Collections.singleton;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
@RunWith(OrderedJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class LeveledCompactionStrategyTest
{
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LeveledCompactionStrategyTest.class);
private static final String KEYSPACE1 = "LeveledCompactionStrategyTest";
private static final String CF_STANDARDDLEVELED = "StandardLeveled";
private Keyspace keyspace;
private ColumnFamilyStore cfs;
@BeforeClass
public static void defineSchema() throws ConfigurationException
{
// Disable tombstone histogram rounding for tests
System.setProperty("cassandra.streaminghistogram.roundseconds", "1");
SchemaLoader.prepareServer();
SchemaLoader.createKeyspace(KEYSPACE1,
KeyspaceParams.simple(1),
SchemaLoader.standardCFMD(KEYSPACE1, CF_STANDARDDLEVELED)
.compaction(CompactionParams.lcs(Collections.singletonMap("sstable_size_in_mb", "1"))));
}
@Before
public void enableCompaction()
{
keyspace = Keyspace.open(KEYSPACE1);
cfs = keyspace.getColumnFamilyStore(CF_STANDARDDLEVELED);
cfs.enableAutoCompaction();
}
/**
* Since we use StandardLeveled CF for every test, we want to clean up after the test.
*/
@After
public void truncateSTandardLeveled()
{
cfs.truncateBlocking();
}
/**
* Ensure that the grouping operation preserves the levels of grouped tables
*/
@Test
public void testGrouperLevels() throws Exception{
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100 * 1024]); // 100 KB value, make it easy to have multiple files
//Need entropy to prevent compression so size is predictable with compression enabled/disabled
new Random().nextBytes(value.array());
// Enough data to have a level 1 and 2
int rows = 40;
int columns = 20;
// Adds enough data to trigger multiple sstable per level
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), String.valueOf(r));
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
waitForLeveling(cfs);
CompactionStrategyManager strategyManager = cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager();
// Checking we're not completely bad at math
int l1Count = strategyManager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[1];
int l2Count = strategyManager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[2];
if (l1Count == 0 || l2Count == 0)
{
logger.error("L1 or L2 has 0 sstables. Expected > 0 on both.");
logger.error("L1: " + l1Count);
logger.error("L2: " + l2Count);
Assert.fail();
}
Collection<Collection<SSTableReader>> groupedSSTables = cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager().groupSSTablesForAntiCompaction(cfs.getLiveSSTables());
for (Collection<SSTableReader> sstableGroup : groupedSSTables)
{
int groupLevel = -1;
Iterator<SSTableReader> it = sstableGroup.iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
{
SSTableReader sstable = it.next();
int tableLevel = sstable.getSSTableLevel();
if (groupLevel == -1)
groupLevel = tableLevel;
assert groupLevel == tableLevel;
}
}
}
/*
* This exercises in particular the code of #4142
*/
@Test
public void testValidationMultipleSSTablePerLevel() throws Exception
{
byte [] b = new byte[100 * 1024];
new Random().nextBytes(b);
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(b); // 100 KB value, make it easy to have multiple files
// Enough data to have a level 1 and 2
int rows = 40;
int columns = 20;
// Adds enough data to trigger multiple sstable per level
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), String.valueOf(r));
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
waitForLeveling(cfs);
CompactionStrategyManager strategyManager = cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager();
// Checking we're not completely bad at math
assertTrue(strategyManager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[1] > 0);
assertTrue(strategyManager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[2] > 0);
Range<Token> range = new Range<>(Util.token(""), Util.token(""));
int gcBefore = keyspace.getColumnFamilyStore(CF_STANDARDDLEVELED).gcBefore(FBUtilities.nowInSeconds());
UUID parentRepSession = UUID.randomUUID();
ActiveRepairService.instance.registerParentRepairSession(parentRepSession,
FBUtilities.getBroadcastAddress(),
Arrays.asList(cfs),
Arrays.asList(range),
false,
ActiveRepairService.UNREPAIRED_SSTABLE,
true,
PreviewKind.NONE);
RepairJobDesc desc = new RepairJobDesc(parentRepSession, UUID.randomUUID(), KEYSPACE1, CF_STANDARDDLEVELED, Arrays.asList(range));
Validator validator = new Validator(desc, FBUtilities.getBroadcastAddress(), gcBefore, PreviewKind.NONE);
CompactionManager.instance.submitValidation(cfs, validator).get();
}
/**
* wait for leveled compaction to quiesce on the given columnfamily
*/
public static void waitForLeveling(ColumnFamilyStore cfs) throws InterruptedException
{
CompactionStrategyManager strategyManager = cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager();
while (true)
{
// since we run several compaction strategies we wait until L0 in all strategies is empty and
// atleast one L1+ is non-empty. In these tests we always run a single data directory with only unrepaired data
// so it should be good enough
boolean allL0Empty = true;
boolean anyL1NonEmpty = false;
for (List<AbstractCompactionStrategy> strategies : strategyManager.getStrategies())
{
for (AbstractCompactionStrategy strategy : strategies)
{
if (!(strategy instanceof LeveledCompactionStrategy))
return;
// note that we check > 1 here, if there is too little data in L0, we don't compact it up to L1
if (((LeveledCompactionStrategy)strategy).getLevelSize(0) > 1)
allL0Empty = false;
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
if (((LeveledCompactionStrategy)strategy).getLevelSize(i) > 0)
anyL1NonEmpty = true;
}
}
if (allL0Empty && anyL1NonEmpty)
return;
Thread.sleep(100);
}
}
@Test
public void testCompactionProgress() throws Exception
{
// make sure we have SSTables in L1
byte [] b = new byte[100 * 1024];
new Random().nextBytes(b);
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(b);
int rows = 2;
int columns = 10;
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), String.valueOf(r));
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
waitForLeveling(cfs);
LeveledCompactionStrategy strategy = (LeveledCompactionStrategy) cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager().getStrategies().get(1).get(0);
assert strategy.getLevelSize(1) > 0;
// get LeveledScanner for level 1 sstables
Collection<SSTableReader> sstables = strategy.manifest.getLevel(1);
List<ISSTableScanner> scanners = strategy.getScanners(sstables).scanners;
assertEquals(1, scanners.size()); // should be one per level
ISSTableScanner scanner = scanners.get(0);
// scan through to the end
while (scanner.hasNext())
scanner.next();
// scanner.getCurrentPosition should be equal to total bytes of L1 sstables
assertEquals(scanner.getCurrentPosition(), SSTableReader.getTotalUncompressedBytes(sstables));
}
@Test
public void testMutateLevel() throws Exception
{
cfs.disableAutoCompaction();
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100 * 1024]); // 100 KB value, make it easy to have multiple files
// Enough data to have a level 1 and 2
int rows = 40;
int columns = 20;
// Adds enough data to trigger multiple sstable per level
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), String.valueOf(r));
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
LeveledCompactionStrategy strategy = (LeveledCompactionStrategy) cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager().getStrategies().get(1).get(0);
cfs.forceMajorCompaction();
for (SSTableReader s : cfs.getLiveSSTables())
{
assertTrue(s.getSSTableLevel() != 6 && s.getSSTableLevel() > 0);
strategy.manifest.remove(s);
s.descriptor.getMetadataSerializer().mutateLevel(s.descriptor, 6);
s.reloadSSTableMetadata();
strategy.manifest.add(s);
}
// verify that all sstables in the changed set is level 6
for (SSTableReader s : cfs.getLiveSSTables())
assertEquals(6, s.getSSTableLevel());
int[] levels = strategy.manifest.getAllLevelSize();
// verify that the manifest has correct amount of sstables
assertEquals(cfs.getLiveSSTables().size(), levels[6]);
}
@Test
public void testNewRepairedSSTable() throws Exception
{
byte [] b = new byte[100 * 1024];
new Random().nextBytes(b);
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(b); // 100 KB value, make it easy to have multiple files
// Enough data to have a level 1 and 2
int rows = 40;
int columns = 20;
// Adds enough data to trigger multiple sstable per level
for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++)
{
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), String.valueOf(r));
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
waitForLeveling(cfs);
cfs.disableAutoCompaction();
while(CompactionManager.instance.isCompacting(Arrays.asList(cfs)))
Thread.sleep(100);
CompactionStrategyManager manager = cfs.getCompactionStrategyManager();
List<List<AbstractCompactionStrategy>> strategies = manager.getStrategies();
LeveledCompactionStrategy repaired = (LeveledCompactionStrategy) strategies.get(0).get(0);
LeveledCompactionStrategy unrepaired = (LeveledCompactionStrategy) strategies.get(1).get(0);
assertEquals(0, repaired.manifest.getLevelCount() );
assertEquals(2, unrepaired.manifest.getLevelCount());
assertTrue(manager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[1] > 0);
assertTrue(manager.getSSTableCountPerLevel()[2] > 0);
for (SSTableReader sstable : cfs.getLiveSSTables())
assertFalse(sstable.isRepaired());
int sstableCount = 0;
for (List<SSTableReader> level : unrepaired.manifest.generations)
sstableCount += level.size();
// we only have unrepaired sstables:
assertEquals(sstableCount, cfs.getLiveSSTables().size());
SSTableReader sstable1 = unrepaired.manifest.generations[2].get(0);
SSTableReader sstable2 = unrepaired.manifest.generations[1].get(0);
sstable1.descriptor.getMetadataSerializer().mutateRepaired(sstable1.descriptor, System.currentTimeMillis(), null);
sstable1.reloadSSTableMetadata();
assertTrue(sstable1.isRepaired());
manager.handleNotification(new SSTableRepairStatusChanged(Arrays.asList(sstable1)), this);
int repairedSSTableCount = 0;
for (List<SSTableReader> level : repaired.manifest.generations)
repairedSSTableCount += level.size();
assertEquals(1, repairedSSTableCount);
// make sure the repaired sstable ends up in the same level in the repaired manifest:
assertTrue(repaired.manifest.generations[2].contains(sstable1));
// and that it is gone from unrepaired
assertFalse(unrepaired.manifest.generations[2].contains(sstable1));
unrepaired.removeSSTable(sstable2);
manager.handleNotification(new SSTableAddedNotification(singleton(sstable2)), this);
assertTrue(unrepaired.manifest.getLevel(1).contains(sstable2));
assertFalse(repaired.manifest.getLevel(1).contains(sstable2));
}
@Test
public void testTokenRangeCompaction() throws Exception
{
// Remove any existing data so we can start out clean with predictable number of sstables
cfs.truncateBlocking();
// Disable auto compaction so cassandra does not compact
CompactionManager.instance.disableAutoCompaction();
ByteBuffer value = ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[100 * 1024]); // 100 KB value, make it easy to have multiple files
DecoratedKey key1 = Util.dk(String.valueOf(1));
DecoratedKey key2 = Util.dk(String.valueOf(2));
List<DecoratedKey> keys = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(key1, key2));
int numIterations = 10;
int columns = 2;
// Add enough data to trigger multiple sstables.
// create 10 sstables that contain data for both key1 and key2
for (int i = 0; i < numIterations; i++) {
for (DecoratedKey key : keys) {
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), key);
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
}
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
// create 20 more sstables with 10 containing data for key1 and other 10 containing data for key2
for (int i = 0; i < numIterations; i++) {
for (DecoratedKey key : keys) {
UpdateBuilder update = UpdateBuilder.create(cfs.metadata(), key);
for (int c = 0; c < columns; c++)
update.newRow("column" + c).add("val", value);
update.applyUnsafe();
cfs.forceBlockingFlush();
}
}
// We should have a total of 30 sstables by now
assertEquals(30, cfs.getLiveSSTables().size());
// Compact just the tables with key2
// Bit hackish to use the key1.token as the prior key but works in BytesToken
Range<Token> tokenRange = new Range<>(key2.getToken(), key2.getToken());
Collection<Range<Token>> tokenRanges = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tokenRange));
cfs.forceCompactionForTokenRange(tokenRanges);
while(CompactionManager.instance.isCompacting(Arrays.asList(cfs))) {
Thread.sleep(100);
}
// 20 tables that have key2 should have been compacted in to 1 table resulting in 11 (30-20+1)
assertEquals(11, cfs.getLiveSSTables().size());
// Compact just the tables with key1. At this point all 11 tables should have key1
Range<Token> tokenRange2 = new Range<>(key1.getToken(), key1.getToken());
Collection<Range<Token>> tokenRanges2 = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tokenRange2));
cfs.forceCompactionForTokenRange(tokenRanges2);
while(CompactionManager.instance.isCompacting(Arrays.asList(cfs))) {
Thread.sleep(100);
}
// the 11 tables containing key1 should all compact to 1 table
assertEquals(1, cfs.getLiveSSTables().size());
}
}