package com.hackerrank.bitmanipulation;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
*
* @author: ramswaroop
* @date: 6/24/15
* @time: 10:25 PM
*/
public class TwosCompliment {
public static long countSetBitsInRange(int start, int end) {
int count = 0;
for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
count += Integer.bitCount(i);
}
return count;
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int t = Integer.parseInt(in.nextLine());
String[][] in_ar = new String[t][2];
for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
in_ar[i] = in.nextLine().split(" ");
}
for (String[] i : in_ar) {
System.out.println(countSetBitsInRange(Integer.parseInt(i[0]), Integer.parseInt(i[1])));
}
}
}