/*
* Copyright (C) 2012 Brendan Robert (BLuRry) brendan.robert@gmail.com.
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
* MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
package jace.apple2e;
import jace.Emulator;
import jace.EmulatorUILogic;
import static jace.apple2e.VideoDHGR.BLACK;
import jace.config.ConfigurableField;
import jace.config.InvokableAction;
import jace.core.Computer;
import jace.core.RAM;
import jace.core.RAMEvent;
import jace.core.RAMListener;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import javafx.scene.image.PixelWriter;
import javafx.scene.image.WritableImage;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
/**
* Provides a clean color monitor simulation, complete with text-friendly
* palette and mixed color/bw (mode 7) rendering. This class extends the
* VideoDHGR class to provide all necessary video writers and other rendering
* mechanics, and then overrides the actual output routines (showBW, showDhgr)
* with more suitable (and much prettier) alternatives. Rather than draw to the
* video buffer every cycle, rendered screen info is pushed into a buffer with
* mask bits (to indicate B&W vs color) And the actual conversion happens at the
* end of the scanline during the HBLANK period. This video rendering was
* inspired by Blargg but was ultimately rewritten from scratch once the color
* palette was implemented.
*
* @author Brendan Robert (BLuRry) brendan.robert@gmail.com
*/
public class VideoNTSC extends VideoDHGR {
@ConfigurableField(name = "Text palette", shortName = "textPalette", defaultValue = "false", description = "Use text-friendly color palette")
public boolean useTextPalette = true;
int activePalette[][] = TEXT_PALETTE;
@ConfigurableField(name = "Video 7", shortName = "video7", defaultValue = "true", description = "Enable Video 7 RGB rendering support")
public boolean enableVideo7 = true;
// Scanline represents 560 bits, divided up into 28-bit words
int[] scanline = new int[20];
static int[] divBy28 = new int[560];
static {
for (int i = 0; i < 560; i++) {
divBy28[i] = i / 28;
}
}
boolean[] colorActive = new boolean[80];
int rowStart = 0;
public VideoNTSC(Computer computer) {
super(computer);
registerStateListeners();
}
public static enum VideoMode {
Color("Color"),
TextFriendly("Text-friendly color"),
Mode7("Mode7 Mixed RGB"),
Mode7TextFriendly("Mode7 with Text-friendly palette"),
Monochrome("Mono"),
Greenscreen("Green"),
Amber("Amber");
String name;
VideoMode(String n) {
name = n;
}
}
static int currentMode = -1;
@InvokableAction(name = "Toggle video mode",
category = "video",
alternatives = "mode,color,b&w,monochrome",
defaultKeyMapping = {"ctrl+shift+g"})
public static void changeVideoMode() {
VideoNTSC thiss = (VideoNTSC) Emulator.computer.video;
currentMode++;
if (currentMode >= VideoMode.values().length) {
currentMode = 0;
}
thiss.monochomeMode = false;
WHITE = Color.WHITE;
switch (VideoMode.values()[currentMode]) {
case Amber:
thiss.monochomeMode = true;
WHITE = Color.web("ff8000");
break;
case Greenscreen:
thiss.monochomeMode = true;
WHITE = Color.web("0ccc68");
break;
case Monochrome:
thiss.monochomeMode = true;
break;
case Color:
thiss.useTextPalette = false;
thiss.enableVideo7 = false;
break;
case Mode7:
thiss.useTextPalette = false;
thiss.enableVideo7 = true;
break;
case Mode7TextFriendly:
thiss.useTextPalette = true;
thiss.enableVideo7 = true;
break;
case TextFriendly:
thiss.useTextPalette = true;
thiss.enableVideo7 = false;
break;
}
thiss.activePalette = thiss.useTextPalette ? TEXT_PALETTE : SOLID_PALETTE;
EmulatorUILogic.notify("Video mode: "+VideoMode.values()[currentMode].name);
forceRefresh();
}
@Override
protected void showBW(WritableImage screen, int x, int y, int dhgrWord) {
int pos = divBy28[x];
if (rowStart < 0) {
rowStart = pos;
}
colorActive[pos * 4] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 1] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 2] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 3] = false;
scanline[pos] = dhgrWord;
}
@Override
protected void showDhgr(WritableImage screen, int x, int y, int dhgrWord) {
int pos = divBy28[x];
if (rowStart < 0) {
rowStart = pos;
}
colorActive[pos * 4] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 1] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 2] = colorActive[pos * 4 + 3] = true;
scanline[pos] = dhgrWord;
}
@Override
protected void displayLores(WritableImage screen, int xOffset, int y, int rowAddress) {
int data = ((RAM128k) computer.getMemory()).getMainMemory().readByte(rowAddress + xOffset) & 0x0FF;
int pos = xOffset >> 1;
if (rowStart < 0) {
rowStart = pos;
}
colorActive[xOffset * 2] = true;
colorActive[xOffset * 2 + 1] = true;
if ((xOffset & 1) == 0) {
int pat = scanline[pos] & 0x0fffc000;
if ((y & 7) < 4) {
data &= 15;
} else {
data >>= 4;
}
pat |= data | data << 4 | data << 8 | (data & 3) << 12;
scanline[pos] = pat;
} else {
int pat = scanline[pos] & 0x03fff;
if ((y & 7) < 4) {
data &= 15;
} else {
data >>= 4;
}
pat |= (data & 12) << 12 | data << 16 | data << 20 | data << 24;
scanline[pos] = pat;
}
}
@Override
protected void displayDoubleLores(WritableImage screen, int xOffset, int y, int rowAddress) {
int pos = xOffset >> 1;
if (rowStart < 0) {
rowStart = pos;
}
colorActive[xOffset * 2] = colorActive[xOffset * 2 + 1] = true;
int c1 = ((RAM128k) computer.getMemory()).getAuxVideoMemory().readByte(rowAddress + xOffset) & 0x0FF;
if ((y & 7) < 4) {
c1 &= 15;
} else {
c1 >>= 4;
}
int c2 = ((RAM128k) computer.getMemory()).getMainMemory().readByte(rowAddress + xOffset) & 0x0FF;
if ((y & 7) < 4) {
c2 &= 15;
} else {
c2 >>= 4;
}
if ((xOffset & 0x01) == 0) {
int pat = c1 | (c1 & 7) << 4;
pat |= c2 << 7 | (c2 & 7) << 11;
scanline[pos] = pat;
} else {
int pat = scanline[pos];
pat |= (c1 & 12) << 12 | c1 << 16 | (c1 & 1) << 20;
pat |= (c2 & 12) << 19 | c2 << 23 | (c2 & 1) << 27;
scanline[pos] = pat;
}
}
@Override
public void hblankStart(WritableImage screen, int y, boolean isDirty) {
if (isDirty) {
renderScanline(screen, y);
}
}
// Offset is based on location in graphics buffer that corresponds with the row and
// a number (0-20) that represents how much of the scanline was rendered
// This is based off the xyOffset but is different because of P
static int pyOffset[][];
static {
pyOffset = new int[192][21];
for (int y = 0; y < 192; y++) {
for (int p = 0; p < 21; p++) {
pyOffset[y][p] = (y * 560) + (p * 28);
}
}
}
boolean monochomeMode = false;
private void renderScanline(WritableImage screen, int y) {
int p = 0;
if (rowStart != 0) {
// getCurrentWriter().markDirty(y);
p = rowStart * 28;
if (rowStart < 0) {
return;
}
}
PixelWriter writer = screen.getPixelWriter();
// Reset scanline position
int byteCounter = 0;
for (int s = rowStart; s < 20; s++) {
int add = 0;
int bits;
if (hiresMode) {
bits = scanline[s] << 2;
if (s > 0) {
bits |= (scanline[s - 1] >> 26) & 3;
}
} else {
bits = scanline[s] << 3;
if (s > 0) {
bits |= (scanline[s - 1] >> 25) & 7;
}
}
if (s < 19) {
add = (scanline[s + 1] & 7);
}
boolean isBW = false;
boolean mixed = enableVideo7 && dhgrMode && graphicsMode == rgbMode.MIX;
for (int i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
if (i % 7 == 0) {
isBW = monochomeMode || !colorActive[byteCounter] || (mixed && !hiresMode && !useColor[byteCounter]);
byteCounter++;
}
if (isBW) {
writer.setColor(p++, y, ((bits & 0x8) == 0) ? BLACK : WHITE);
} else {
writer.setArgb(p++, y, activePalette[i % 4][bits & 0x07f]);
}
bits >>= 1;
if (i == 20) {
bits |= add << (hiresMode ? 9 : 10);
}
}
// } else {
// for (int i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
// writer.setArgb(p++, y, activePalette[i % 4][bits & 0x07f]);
// bits >>= 1;
// if (i == 20) {
// bits |= add << (hiresMode ? 9 : 10);
// }
// }
// }
}
Arrays.fill(scanline, 0);
rowStart = -1;
}
// y Range [0,1]
public static final double MIN_Y = 0;
public static final double MAX_Y = 1;
// i Range [-0.5957, 0.5957]
public static final double MAX_I = 0.5957;
// q Range [-0.5226, 0.5226]
public static final double MAX_Q = 0.5226;
static final int SOLID_PALETTE[][] = new int[4][128];
static final int[][] TEXT_PALETTE = new int[4][128];
static final double[][] YIQ_VALUES = {
{0.0, 0.0, 0.0}, //0000 0
{0.25, 0.5, 0.5}, //0001 1
{0.25, -0.5, 0.5}, //0010 2
{0.5, 0.0, 1.0}, //0011 3 +Q
{0.25, -0.5, -0.5}, //0100 4
{0.5, 0.0, 0.0}, //0101 5
{0.5, -1.0, 0.0}, //0110 6 +I
{0.75, -0.5, 0.5}, //0111 7
{0.25, 0.5, -0.5}, //1000 8
{0.5, 1.0, 0.0}, //1001 9 -I
{0.5, 0.0, 0.0}, //1010 a
{0.75, 0.5, 0.5}, //1011 b
{0.5, 0.0, -1.0}, //1100 c -Q
{0.75, 0.5, -0.5}, //1101 d
{0.75, -0.5, -0.5}, //1110 e
{1.0, 0.0, 0.0}, //1111 f
};
static {
int maxLevel = 10;
for (int offset = 0; offset < 4; offset++) {
for (int pattern = 0; pattern < 128; pattern++) {
int level = (pattern & 1)
+ ((pattern >> 1) & 1) * 1
+ ((pattern >> 2) & 1) * 2
+ ((pattern >> 3) & 1) * 4
+ ((pattern >> 4) & 1) * 2
+ ((pattern >> 5) & 1) * 1;
int col = (pattern >> 2) & 0x0f;
for (int rot = 0; rot < offset; rot++) {
col = ((col & 8) >> 3) | ((col << 1) & 0x0f);
}
double y1 = YIQ_VALUES[col][0];
double y2 = (level / (double) maxLevel);
SOLID_PALETTE[offset][pattern] = yiqToRgb(y1, YIQ_VALUES[col][1] * MAX_I, YIQ_VALUES[col][2] * MAX_Q);
TEXT_PALETTE[offset][pattern] = yiqToRgb(y2, YIQ_VALUES[col][1] * MAX_I, YIQ_VALUES[col][2] * MAX_Q);
}
}
}
static public int yiqToRgb(double y, double i, double q) {
int r = (int) (normalize((y + 0.956 * i + 0.621 * q), 0, 1) * 255);
int g = (int) (normalize((y - 0.272 * i - 0.647 * q), 0, 1) * 255);
int b = (int) (normalize((y - 1.105 * i + 1.702 * q), 0, 1) * 255);
return (255 << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
}
public static double normalize(double x, double minX, double maxX) {
if (x < minX) {
return minX;
}
if (x > maxX) {
return maxX;
}
return x;
}
@Override
public void reconfigure() {
activePalette = useTextPalette ? TEXT_PALETTE : SOLID_PALETTE;
super.reconfigure();
}
// The following section captures changes to the RGB mode
// The details of this are in Brodener's patent application #4631692
// http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4631692.pdf
// as well as the AppleColor adapter card manual
// http://apple2.info/download/Ext80ColumnAppleColorCardHR.pdf
rgbMode graphicsMode = rgbMode.MIX;
public static enum rgbMode {
COLOR(true), MIX(true), BW(false), COL_160(false);
boolean colorMode = false;
rgbMode(boolean c) {
this.colorMode = c;
}
public boolean isColor() {
return colorMode;
}
}
public static enum ModeStateChanges {
SET_AN3, CLEAR_AN3, SET_80, CLEAR_80;
}
boolean f1 = true;
boolean f2 = true;
boolean an3 = false;
public void rgbStateChange() {
// This is the more technically correct implementation except for two issues:
// 1) 160-column mode isn't implemented so it's not worth bothering to capture that state
// 2) A lot of programs are clueless about RGB modes so it's good to default to normal color mode
// graphicsMode = f1 ? (f2 ? rgbMode.color : rgbMode.mix) : (f2 ? rgbMode._160col : rgbMode.bw);
graphicsMode = f1 ? (f2 ? rgbMode.COLOR : rgbMode.MIX) : (f2 ? rgbMode.COLOR : rgbMode.BW);
}
// These catch changes to the RGB mode to toggle between color, BW and mixed
Set<RAMListener> rgbStateListeners = new HashSet<>();
private void registerStateListeners() {
if (!rgbStateListeners.isEmpty() || computer.getVideo() != this) {
return;
}
RAM memory = computer.getMemory();
rgbStateListeners.add(memory.observe(RAMEvent.TYPE.ANY, 0x0c05e, (e) -> {
an3 = false;
rgbStateChange();
}));
rgbStateListeners.add(memory.observe(RAMEvent.TYPE.ANY, 0x0c05f, (e) -> {
if (!an3) {
f2 = f1;
f1 = SoftSwitches._80COL.getState();
}
an3 = true;
rgbStateChange();
}));
rgbStateListeners.add(memory.observe(RAMEvent.TYPE.EXECUTE, 0x0fa62, (e) -> {
// When reset hook is called, reset the graphics mode
// This is useful in case a program is running that
// is totally clueless how to set the RGB state correctly.
f1 = true;
f2 = true;
an3 = false;
graphicsMode = rgbMode.COLOR;
rgbStateChange();
}));
}
@Override
public void detach() {
rgbStateListeners.stream().forEach((l) -> {
computer.getMemory().removeListener(l);
});
rgbStateListeners.clear();
super.detach();
}
@Override
public void attach() {
super.attach();
registerStateListeners();
}
}